SUNTLOWER FAMILY. 447 



herbaceous, the thin margins at base enfolding the achene ami usually deciduous 

 with it. Receptacle broad and fiat, with a row of thin bracts between ray- 

 and disk-flowers, and sometimes with additional ones among the disk-flowers. 



Ray-aehenes flattened, without pappus, almost always glabrous. Disk-achenes 

 commonly pubescent, with a pappus of 5 to 20 paleae or bristles or rarely none. 

 (G. Tradescant Lay, botanist to the Beechey Expedition which visited Cali- 

 fornia in 1827.) 



A. Pappus-bristles hairy or long-pliunosc below. 

 Bracts of the involucre hirsute or hispid (the basal margin where folded around the 

 achene not denticulate-ciliate). 

 Inner hairs of pappus-bristles woolly and interlaced. 

 Rays white and 



Inconspicuous; leaves all entire 1. L. hispida. 



Showy; lower leaves incised or toothed 2. L. glandulosa. 



Rays yellow (rarely white-edged) 3. L. clegans. 



Hairs of pappus-bristles straight (no woolly inner ones). 

 Rays wholly white. 



Rays conspicuous, much exceeding the disk; interior plains 2. L. glandulosa. 



Rays inconspicuous, scarcely exceeding the disk; seashore 4. L. carnosa. 



Rays yellow, or yellow and white (herbage hispid, the stems brown-spotted at the 

 base of the bristles). 



Rays short (1 to 2 or 3 lines long) 5. L. hieracioides. 



Rays showy (5 lines long or more) and 



Yellow; pappus-bristles twice as long as the soft basal hairs.. 6. L. gaillardioides. 

 White, yellow below the middle; pappus-bristles scarcely exceeding the soft hairs. 



7. L. ncmorosa. 

 B. Pappus consisting of naked bristles. 

 Bracts of involucre denticulate-ciliate on the margin at base; rays yellow, white-tipped.... 



8. L. platyglossus. 

 C. Pappus, 'alien present, consisting of flattened awns or paleae instead of bristles. 

 Bracts of the involucre denticulate or ciliate on the basal margins where folded around 

 the achene. 

 Heads erect; rays yellow, white or glabrous at summit. 



Achenes of both disk and ray glabrous; pappus none 9. L. chrysanthemoides. 



Achenes of disk pubescent or hairy; pappus present. 



Leaves ciliate ; pappus-paleae unequal 10. L. calliglossa. 



Leaves not ciliate; pappus-paleae about equal 11. L. fremontii. 



Heads nodding in bud and fruit ; rays yellow 12. L. nutans. 



1. L. hispida Greene. Diffusely branched from the base, 1 ft. high or less; 

 herbage densely hispidulous throughout; leaves narrow, all entire; heads small; 

 rays white, inconspicuous; pappus-bristles 1<», slender, bearing copious short 

 interlaced hairs. — (Blepharipappus hispidus Greene.) 



Mt. Diablo and Kern Co., ace. to Greene. Probably a variety of the next. 



2. L. glandulosa (Hook.) H. & A. Commonly branching from the base, 

 8 to 12 or 14 in. high; leaves and stems (particularly near the heads) with 

 scattered or abundant stipitate dark glands; leaves lanceolate or linear, the 

 \<<\\oT pinnatifid or toothed, the upper entire; involucre 4\t> lines broad; rays 

 8 to 10, pure white, 6 or 7 lines long; pappus bright white, the bristles L0 to 

 12. with straight hairs towards the base outside and woolly tangled hairs 

 inside; achenes 1% to 2 ! 4 lines long. — (Blepharipappus glandulosus Hook.) 



Antioch, north to British Columbia and south to Southern California. Apr. 

 Var. heterotricha Hall. Often rough-hispid; rays 10 to 18; inner woolly 

 hairs of pappus wanting. — Sandy fields: Lake Co. (ace. to Greene); Sun 

 Joaquin Valley. (Blepharipappus glandulosus var. heterotrichus Jepson.) 



3. L. elegans (Nutt.) T.&G. Simple or diffuse, B to 11 in. high; 

 herbage short-hispid; the stems often brown-dotted; stipitate glands small and 

 scattered; leaves linear, the lower pinnately toothed or parted; rays yellow, 6 

 to S lines long, sometimes white-edged; pappus white, the villous hairs copious 



