450 COMPOSITAE. 



54. HOLOZONIA Greene. 



Perennial by ereeping rootstocks. Sterne Blender and branches almost fili- 

 form. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate. Heads solitary, on slender or 

 filiform peduncles, without leafy bracts. Flowers white or rose-tinged; rays 5. 

 Bracts of the involucre 5, completely enclosing and deciduous with the obcom- 

 pressed ray-achenes. Bracts of the receptacle 9 to 12, connate into a cup 

 surrounding the few disk-flowers. Ray-achenes crowned with a small saucer- 

 shaped pappus; disk-achenes with a pappus of 2 slender deciduous paleae. 

 (Greek holos, whole, and zonia, zone, the bracts completely enclosing the ray- 

 achenes.) 



1. H. filipes (H. & A.) Greene. Stems often paniculately branching, 1% 

 to 2% ft. high; leaves linear, canescent or villous, those of the filiform 

 branchlets oblong with marginal short-stipitate glands; involucre loosely vil- 

 lous; bracts of receptacle chaffy. — (Lagophylla filipes Gray.) 



North Coast Ranges: Mt. Tamalpais; Sonoma Co.; Napa Range; Sierra 

 Nevada; Mariposa Co.; Calaveras Co.; El Dorado Co. July-Aug. Lowest 

 ha\es linear or somewhat lanceolate, commonly with 1 to 3 small teeth on each 

 side, 1 to 4 in. long; upper entire, glabrate in age. 



55. ACHYRACHAENA Schauer. 



Soft-pubescent annual with narrow leaves, the lower opposite. Involucre 

 oblong-campanulate, its bracts lanceolate, herbaceous^ each enfolding a ray- 

 achene. Bracts of the receptacle membranous, in a single outer series. Recep- 

 tacle low-convex, naked. Flowers golden yellow, aging into reddish brown. 

 Ray-flowers 5 to 8, little exceeding the disk, their ligules short and broad, 

 palmately 3-cleft. Achenes linear-clavate, all the ribs or the alternate scabrous. 

 Disk-achenes with a pappus of about 10 silvery scales, the outer as long as the 

 achene, the inner nearly twice as long. (Greek achuron, chaff, and Latin 

 achaenium, an achene, on account of the very chaffy pappus borne on the fruit.) 



1. A. mollis Schauer. Blow- wives. Erect, simple or branching, 9 to 

 18 in. high, pilose-pubescent; branches more or less peduncle-like, each 1- 

 headed; haves linear, entire or serrulate, 5 in. long or less; heads in flower 

 % in. high, in fruit expanding and forming a globose cluster l 1 ^ in. broad; 

 pahae of the achenes also expanding or diverging rotately. 



Abundant in adobe soil of the plains and valleys: Sierra Nevada foothills; 

 San Joaquin Valley; Sacramento Valley; Coast Ranges; Southern California. 

 Readily recognized in fruit by its expanded heads of black achenes with their 

 silvery pappus. Ray-flowers sometimes absent. Apr.-May. 



Tribe 7. Heliantheae. Sunflower Tribe. 

 56. ECLIPTA L. 

 Low weak riparian herb with opposite Leaves and white flowers. Heads soli- 

 tary in the upper axils, the peduncles long or very short. Involucre broad, its 

 bracts herbaceous and in aboul 2 Beries. Bracts of the receptacle awn-like. 

 Rays Bhort. Disk-flowers perfect and fertile, their corollas 4-toothed. Achenes 



thick, those ,,f the ray .".sided, those of the disk compress,., 1. Pappus none 



or of a tew short teeth. (Greek ekleipta, wanting, on account of the absence 



of the pappUS.) 



1. E. alba llassk. Decumbent, 1 or i' ft. high; leaves lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, sparingly Berrulate, sessile or the lower short-petioled with a strigose 



pubescence; disk-achenes at length corky-margined. 



Shores of islands in the lower Sacramento River. Sept. 



