SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 461 



panicle of small and few heads of whitish flowers, the upper portion of the 

 stem and the panicle beset with small glands. Leaves alternate, broad, petioled, 

 green and early glabrate above, white-woolly beneath. Heads of few disk- 

 rlowers; ray-flowers none. Marginal flowers of the head pistillate and fertile, 

 the central perfect, sterile and with undivided style; corollas of both sorts, 

 tubular and alike. Bracts of the involucre 5, equal, in a single row, not 

 scarious, reflexed in fruit, at length deciduous. Receptacle flat, naked. Mature 

 achenes much elongated and clavate, covered above with stalked glands. Pappus 

 none. (Greek adenos, a gland, and kaulon, a stem.) 



1. A. bicolor Hook. Stems 1% to 2*4 ft. high, the lower portion floccose- 

 woolfy; leaves deltoid-ovate, cordate at the base, sinuate-dentate, 1 Vi> to mostly 

 3 or 4 in. long and as broad or broader; petioles margined; achenes 3 to 3!/> 

 lines long, much longer than bracts of the involucre. 



Woods: Coast Ranges; Sierra Nevada. Northward to Washington and far 

 eastward. June. 



Tribe 10. Astereae. Aster Tribe. 

 76. GUTIERREZIA Lag. 



Herbaceous or suffrutescent, the herbage resin-bearing, nearly glabrous. 

 Leaves narrowly linear, entire, alternate. Heads very small, turbinate-oblong 

 to campanulate, numerous and corymbosely arranged at the summit of the 

 stems and branches. Bracts of the involucre coriaceous, the outer shorter. 

 Receptacle in ours flat. Flowers yellow; rays short, in ours 8 to 10. Achenes 

 angled or striate, mostly silky. Pappus paleaceous. (Name of a noble Spanish 

 family.) 



1. G. calif ornica (DC.) T. & G. Plants 1 to 1% ft. high, the woody base 

 much branched; leaves scabrous; heads fastigiately corymbose, 2 to 3 lines 

 high; rays 8 to 10; disk-flowers 6 to 11; achenes densely silky; pappus of 

 about 12 unequal paleae. 



Dry hills of the South Coast Ranges towards the coast ; Southern California ; 

 Arizona. 



77. GRINDELIA Willd. Gum Plant. 



Coarse perennial herbs, sometimes suffrutescent at base. Leaves obovate or 

 spatulate to oblong-lanceolate, commonly serrate. Heads gummy, medium-sized 

 or large, solitary on the branches, ours with rays. Involucre campanulate or 

 hemispherical, the bracts many-ranked, firm-herbaceous, often with attenuate 

 squarrose points. Achenes short, truncate, compressed or turgid, glabrous. 

 Pappus of 2 to 8 very readily deciduous awns or small scales. Involucral cups 

 of the budding heads completely filled with the white or cream-like gummy 

 exudation. (Hieronymus Grindel, Russian botanist, professor at Riga and 

 Dorpat.) 



Species of the Coast Range hills and valleys and interior plains; rays light orange or 

 yellow. 



Involucre mostly hemispherical, about x /z to Y± in. in diameter; bracts variable 



1. G. robust a. 

 Involucre urnshaped-campanulate, about y 2 in. in diameter; bracts linear-lanceolate 



or subulate, outer or all squarrose 2. G. camporum. 



Involucre small; bracts lanceolate, erect 3. G. rubricaulis. 



Species of salt marshes; rays golden yellow 4. G. cuneifolia. 



1. G. robusta Nutt. var. maritima Jepson. Stems ascending or erect, 

 1 to l 1 /> ft. high; herbage lightly pubescent; leaves narrowly or broadly 

 oblong, in a few cases wider above, obtuse, or mostly acute, more or less ser- 

 rulate; involucre % in. broad or more; bracts linear-lanceolate, closely com- 



