SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 467 



San Francisco, Monterey, and doubtless elsewhere near the coast; Sierra 

 Nevada. July- Aug. 



4. S. sempervirens L. One to 3 ft. high or more, leafy to the top; 

 herbage bright green, completely glabrous; leaves lanceolate or linear, some- 

 what firm and iieshy, the lowest varying to oblong-spatulate, all entire; heads 

 2 to 3 lines high, the raceme-like clusters collected in a dense narrow virgate 

 panicle; bracts of involucre lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 

 scabrous-ciliolate; rays 7 to 10, large; achenes minutely pubescent. 



Salt marshes, San Francisco Bay, Bolander. Earely collected. 



5. S. spathulata DC. Coast Golden Eod. Stems 15 to 18 in. high, one 

 or several from the decumbent base which is thickly clothed with broad leaf 

 bases; herbage glabrous, slightly glutinous; leaves mostly basal, spatulate, 

 rounded at apex, narrowed to a long margined petiole, more or less serrate 

 above the middle; heads 4 lines high, in clusters of 4 to 12, the clusters borne 

 in a single spike-like thyrsus terminating the simple stem; bracts of the in- 

 volucre linear-oblong to oblong; rays about 7 or 8, inconspicuous, commonly 

 shorter than the disk; disk-flowers about 14 to 16. 



Sandy hills near the coast: Pt. Eeyes; San Francisco; Pajaro Hills and 

 southward to Monterey. 



85. LESSINGIA Cham. 



Annuals with alternate leaves, branching stems and commonly panicled heads 

 of yellow, purplish, lilac or white flowers. Heads rather small, campanulate 

 to turbinate, usually narrow, 5 to 25-flowered. Bracts of the involucre imbri- 

 cated in several appressed ranks. Eeceptacle flat. Flowers perfect. Corollas 

 with linear lobes, or those of the marginal rows enlarged, more deeply cleft 

 on the inside, and simulating a palmately lobed ligule. Achenes all fertile, 

 turbinate or cuneate, more or less flattened, silky-villous. Pappus commonly 

 of numerous unequal scabrous bristles, usually turning reddish brown. (Named 

 for the Lessings, German family of scientists and authors.) 



A. Flowers yellow; marginal corollas conspicuously larger; achenes flattened, 



2 or 3-ncrvcd. 



Leaves of the branchlets scattered, not gland-bearing; seaboard species.. 1. L. germanorum. 



Leaves of the branchlets small and crowded, the margin gland-bearing; mainly interior 



species, as all the following 2. L. glandulifera. 



B. Flowers purplish, lilac or white ; corollas all alike or nearly so; achenes less flattened, 



4 or 5-nerved. 

 Erect slender freely branching plants. 

 Pappus of slender bristles. 

 Wool deciduous in age. 

 Corollas short. 



Heads terminating slender branchlets 3. L. ramulosa. 



Heads more or less spicately sessile 4. L. virgata. 



Corollas conspicuously exserted 5. L. leptoclada. 



Wool more persistent in age 6. L. hololeuca. 



Pappus of paleaceous bristles, some commonly more or less united; upper leaves ciliate- 



glandular 7. L. adenophora. 



Depressed dwarfish plants; inner bracts of involucre pearly white and conspicuously awn- 

 pointed 8. L. nana. 



1. L. germanorum Cham. Diffusely brancned or erect, 4 to 8 in. high, 

 or more; herbage with appressed white tomentum, wholly glabrate in age, 

 at least on the branches; lowest leaves pinnatifid, those of the branchlets scat- 

 tered, oblanceolate or linear and mostly entire; heads 21 to 25-flowered; 

 involucre hemispherical, its bracts not glandular, with greenish tips or the 

 outer wholly greenish; pappus-bristles about 35, 1 to l 1 ^ times as long as 

 the achene. 



