FRUIT. 



89 



145.) In the fruit of Corn, Wheat, &c, the pericarp is insep- 

 arable from the seed, and the acheniura is called a Caryopsis 

 (karua, a nut, and opsis, an appearance). 



The fruit of Umbelliferae is composed of two achenia united 

 to a common axis, or carpophore (Fig. 146 — karjjos, fruit, and 

 phero, I bear), from which they are suspended, and which is 

 called a Cremocarp {kremao, I suspend). (Fig. 146, b.) 



Fig. 146. 



Fig. 148. 



Fig. 147. 



Nut or Olans. 



Fruit of I'robeltiferae. 

 a, carpophore. 

 bb, cremocarp. 



Drupe. 

 «?p, epicarp ; ms, mesocarp | 

 endocarp. 



Fig. 149. 



Fig. 150. 



The Nut or Glans is a one-celled fruit, with a hardened peri- 

 carp, surrounded by bracts. (Fig. 147.) The Chestnut is the 

 nut, and the bur is composed of bracts. The Acorn is the nut : 

 the cup is composed of bracts. So of the Hazelnut, Beach, &c. 

 152. The Drupe is a 

 succulent fruit, covered by 

 a pericarp, composed of an 

 epicarp, mesocarp, and en- 

 docarp. (Fig. 148.) The 

 Peach is an example. The 

 skin of the Peach is the 

 epicarp, the flesh the meso- 

 carp, and the stone the en- 

 docarp. The fruit of the 

 Cherry, Plum, Walnut, Nut- 

 meg, Date, and Almond are 

 all of this character. 



<t «• ,» t\ i • • Lomentum. 



15o. Dehiscent, apocar- 

 pous fruits are found in the Magnolia (Fig. 

 149), Asclepiadae, &c. It consists of a 

 single carpel, containing one or several seeds, 

 and dehiscing by its ventral suture. 



The Legume or Pod is a solitary carpel, 

 dehiscing by both sutures, but bearing seeds 

 only on the ventral suture. The Pea, Bean, 



What *i3 a caryopsia ? A cremocarp ? Glans ? — 152. "What is a drupe ? 

 — 153. What is a'legume ? 



Cone of the Magnolia. 



