210 ORDER II. MAGXOLIACE.E. 



Cists XVI.— ZANTHORIIFZA. Mar. 5—12. {Yellow-root) 

 (From the Greek a-atithos, yellow, and rfiiza, a root.) 



Sepals'). Petals 5, on pedicels. Stamens 5 — 10. Ovaries 

 5 — 10, with 2 — 3 ovules. Follicles small, mostly 1-seeded, 

 seed suspended. 



1. Z. apiito'lia, (L'Her.) A shrub. Root large, yellow, and bitter. 

 Stem simple, smooth, and glabrous. Leaves triternate, crowded at the 

 summit of the stem, leaflets incised, under surface pubescent, petioles 

 6 — 8 inches long. Flowers in raceme-, axillary and compound, minute, 

 often polygynouB. — Dark purple. h. Ap. Upper districts of Car. 

 and Geo. 2 — 3 feet. 



The root of this plant is exceedingly bitter, and is used as a tonic. It is also used 

 in coloring yellow. It possesses decided properties, and we doubt not might be ap- 

 plied to useful purposes. 



Genus XVII.— HYDRASTIS. L. 12—12. 

 (From the Greek hudor, water, in allusion to its habit.) 



Leaves of the perianth 3, ovate, petaloid. Stamens and 

 ovaries numerous. Carpels berry -like, in a globose head ; 1, 

 and rarely 2-seeded. 



1. II. canadensis, (L.) Root yellow and bitter. Stem simple, 2- 

 leaved. Leaves alternate, cordate, palmate, acutely serrate ;- lower 

 leaf petioled, upper Bubsessile, glabrous. Flowers solitary, terminal. — 

 Rose-color. If. Mountains. April — May. 6 — 8 inches. 



Yellow Root. Orange Root. Turmeric Root. 



Order IL— MAGNOLIA'CEiE. Juss. (Magnolia Family.) 



Sepals 3 — 6, deciduous. Petals 3 — 30, hypogynous, in sev 

 eral rows ; aestivation imbricate. Stamens numerous, hypogy- 

 nous ; anthers adnate, introrse, bursting by a longitudinal slit ; 

 filaments short. Carpels few in a single row, or numerous in 

 several rows. Seeds anatropous, suspended, or ascending. Em- 

 bryo minute ; albumen fleshy. Leaves alternate, entire, coria- 

 ceous, with caducous stipules. Flowers generally large, and 

 fragrant. Trees and shrubs. 



Gknis L— MAGNO'LIA L. 12—12. 

 (In honor of Magnol, a French botanist.) 



Sepals 3, caducous, sometimes wanting. Petals 6 — 12, ca- 

 ducous. Carpels 2-valved, I -seeded, imbricate in their arrange- 

 ment, forming an ovate strobile-like Fruit Seeds suspended. 

 Tri ■ s. 



1. M. <;uam'!i i.<» K \. 1 1.. i rergreen, oval, lanceolate, coria- 



ceous, ferruginous underneath, 6— s inches Long, branches somewhat 

 whorled Petal* ( J — 12, obovate, abruptly unguiculate. Stamens nu- 



