ORDER XLIV. ROSACEA. 305 



late. L^afets 5, the lateral ones ovate, obtuse, terminal one lanceolate, 

 acute, glabrous or slightly pubescent on the veins beneath. Spines 

 stipulate, generally straight. Flowers' terminal, solitary, or by pairs. 

 Calyx hispid; segments subulate. Petals emarginate, obovate. Fruit 

 nearly glabrous. — Red If.. May — June. In dry fertile soils. Com- 

 mon. 1 — 2 



4. R. l.eyiga'ta, (Mich.) Stem glabrous, branches flexible, armed 



with strong recurved prickles. Leaflets 3 — 5, lanceolate, serrate, cori- 



is, shining. Flowers solitary, terminal; segments of the calyx 



acuminate, unequal, serrate. Petals obovate, obtuse, with the point 



crenulate. — White. It- April — May. Common. 15 — 20 feet. 



Cherokee Rose. 



The Rose has been an object of esteem in all civilized nations. The species and 



varieties of this mentis, most of them produced by the horticulturist, amount to 400 — 



!L9 an ornamental shrub, it stands unrivaled in public esteem: it yields but little 



to the mass of vegetable materials made subservient to the uses of man. The leaves 



of the Red-rose are slightly astringent and tonic, but are used chiefly in infusions as a 



vehicle for the administration of cathartic medicines. Rose-water is produced bv the 



ion of the flowers of various species. The Attar of Ruse* is a volatile oil 



_- in very minute quantities in rose leaves, is obtained by distillation, and sold 



at highprices as a perfume. 



Sub-Order IV.— POMA'CE.E. 



Calyx superior. Carpels 2 — 5, united to form a pome, each 

 with 1 — 2 ovules. Fruit usually edible. 



Gems XV— CRATJE'GUS. L. 11—5. 

 (From the Greek kratos, strength ; in allusion to the hardness of the wood.) 



Calyx 5-cleft, tube urceolate. Petals 5, spreading, orbicular. 

 Stamens numerous. Styles 1 — 5. Fruit fleshy or baccate, 

 crowned with the teeth of the persistent calyx, 1 — 5-seeded. 

 Seeds bony. Thorny shrubs, with simple leaves. Fruit often 

 edible. Thorn-tree. 



1. C. Ceus-gal'li, (L.) Stem spiny, branching ; branches geniculate, 

 divaricate. Leaves obovate, deeply serrate, cuneiform, shining, gla- 

 brous, coriaceous, nearly sessile. Spines long. Flowers in terminal, 

 compound corymbs; segments of the calyx linear-lanceolate, sometimes 

 seriate. Styles 2. Fruit red. — White. ^ . May — June. Common. 

 10—20 feet. 



2. C. coccin'ea, (L.) Stem spiny. Leaves on long petioles, roundish, 

 ovale, acutely lobed, serrate, glabrous, obtuse at the base. Petioles 

 glandular. Flower* numerous, in corymbs. Calyx glandular, pedun- 

 cles hairy. Stylet 5. Fruit large, red, eatable. — White. T .> . May. 

 On banks of streams. 10 — 25 feet. White Thorn. 



3. C. rn'uras, (I*) Stem Bpiny; branches slender. Leaves nearly 



. Bpatulate, ovate, serrate, with round lobes generally. Segments 

 of the calyx with glandular serrsturea Flowers in small corymbs. 

 Fruit large, globular, 3 — 4-seeded, red. — White. £. May — June. 

 8—1 4 feet. 



4. C. populifo'lia,(EU.) Stem Bpiny, glabrous, with elender branches; 

 spines large, and sometimes branched. leaves small, ovate, serrate, 



