382 order LXYin. — coMPOsrr.fi. 



9. S. asterts'cus, (L.) Stem erect, terete, hispid. Leaves lanceolate, 

 acute, serrate, scabrous; the lower ones opposite, petiolate, the upper 

 ones alternate, sessile. Involucre ciliate, with ovate leaves. Ray flo- 

 rets 8 — 10. — Yellow. 1C. June — Aug. Sandy soils. Common. 2 — 3 ft. 



10. S. l^eviga'tum, (Pursh.) Stem quadrangular, glabrous. Radical 

 leaves lanceolate, oblong ; the lower cauline ones oval-lanceolate, on 

 short petioles, which are connate at the base ; the upper ones sessile, 

 ovate, the highest cordate, glabrous. Flowers in corymbs ; involucre 

 with ciliate leaves, the inner ones largest. — Yellow. U- Aug. — Sept. 

 Middle Geo. 2—3 feet. 



11. S. scaber'rimum, (Ell.) Stem angled when young, becoming te- 

 rete when old, scabrous toward the summit. Leaves on short petioles, 

 connate at the base, ovate, serrate, rigid, scabrous. Flowers in corymbs ; 

 involucre with ovate, ciliate leaves, exterior ones smallest. Seed nearly 

 circular, winged. — Yellow. %. Aug. — Sept. Middle and western 

 Geo. 3—4 feet. 



12. S. integrifo'lium, (Mich.) Stem quadrangular, hispid. Leaves 

 opposite, sessile, oblong, entire, scabrous on the upper surface. Flowers 

 few, on short peduncles ; involucre with oblong, ovate leaves. — Yellow. 

 11. Aug. — Sept. Mountains. 3 — 4 feet. 



1 3. S. perfolia'tum, (L.) Stem glabrous, quadrangular. Leaves op- 

 posite, connate, serrate, ovate, the upper ones perfoliate, broad. Flow- 

 ers on axillary peduncles; involucre squarrose ; ray florets 24. — Yel- 

 low. U. July — Sept. Mountains. 4 — 6 feet. 



14. S. conna'tum. Stem erect, terete, hispid, with reflexed hairs. 

 Leaves opposite, perfoliate, scabrous, serrate. Flowers in terminal pan- 

 icles ; involucre squarrose, with ovate leaves, reflexed at the summit ; 

 ray florets 12. — Yellow. 21. Aug. — Sept. Middle and western Geo. 

 4—5 feet. 



Genus XXXVL— BERLANDIE'RA. D. C. 



(In honor of Berlandier.) 



Heads many-flowered, with the ray florets in one series, pis- 

 tillate ; those of the disk tubular, hermaphrodite, but sterile. 

 Scales of the involucre in 3 series, the exterior smallest, the in- 

 nermost the largest. Achenia in a single series, flat-obovate, 

 plain at the summit, each more or less attached to the scales of 

 the involucre. Pappus of two minute teeth. Herbaceous plants 

 with alternate sessile leaves more or less pubescent. 



1. B. Texa'na, (D. C.) Stem herbaceous, branches and peduncles hir- 

 sute, with purplish haira Leaves oblong-ovate, cordate, simply or 

 doubly crenate, minutely hispid, scabrous above, corruscently pubescent 

 or hairy beneath ; the lowest petioled. — Louisiana. 



2. B. tomento'sa, (T. & G.) (Silphium pumilutn, Pursh.) Stem erect 

 or procumbent, terete, tomentose. Leaves alternate, oblong, irregular- 

 ly dentate, acute, petiolate, pubescent on the upper surface, tomentose 

 beneath. Flowers in irregular corymbs; involucre tomentose, with 

 the leaves ovate, 8 — 10; ray floreta 8 — 10, tomentose on the under sur- 

 face. — Yellow. 11. July — Aug. Pine-barrens. Mid. Car. and Geo. 

 2—3 feet 



