ORDER CXLI. CYPERACE^. 559 



9. E. genicula'ta, (Brown.) Culm terete. Spikes solitary, cylindri- 

 cal ; scales convex, obovate-spatulate, obtuse. Sctce 7. — Carolina and 

 northward. Sea-shore. 



10. E. quaprangula'ta, (Brown.) (Scirpus quadrangidatus, Mich.) 

 Stem quadrangular, glabrous, with the sides unequal, sheathed at the 

 base. Spike cylindrical. Glumes nearly orbicular, with ferruginous 

 margins. Bristles 3, setaceous. — 2£. April — May. In swamps. 1 — 2 ft. 



Genus V.— SCIRPUS. Beau. 3—1. 

 (From the Celtic cirs, rushes.) 



Glumes imbricating the spike on all sides, one or two of the 

 outer ones occasionally without flowers. Palece none ; spikes 

 having involucral leaves. Seed 1, with bristles at its base. 

 Sheaths usually leaf-bearing. 



1. S. pusil'lus, (Vahl.) (S. capillaceus, Mich.) Stem erect and pro- 

 cumbent, slightly furrowed, with a sheath surrounding its base. Leaves 

 none. Glumes acute. Seed compressed, obovate, with 6 bristles at the 

 base. — 0. March — June. 1 — 3 inches. 



2. S. deb'ilis, (Muhl.) Stem erect, triangular, glabrous, sheathed at 

 the base. Spikes 3, ovate ; involucre long, erect. Glumes mucronate, 

 ovate, membranaceous. — If. Aug. — Sept. Upper districts Carolina 

 and Georgia. 12 — 18 inches. 



3. S. pun'gens, (Vahl.) (S. Americanus, Pers.) Stem erect, trian- 

 gular, glabrous, sheathed at the base. Spikes 6 — 8, ovate, sessile. 

 Glumes ferruginous, ovate. Bristles pilose. — 2f . Through the sum- 

 mer. Very common. 2 — 3 feet. 



4. S. lacus'tris, (L.) Stan erect, stout, glabrous, striate. Spikes nu- 

 merous, forming an umbel ; involucre 2-leaved, unequal. Glumes lan- 

 ceolate, ciliate. Bristles 6, retrorsely aculeate. 



5. S. marit'imus, (L.) Stem erect, 3-angled. Leaves very long, gla- 

 brous, channeled. Spikes arranged in a leafy panicle ; some sessile, 

 others pedunculate, large and ovate. Glumes mucronate, toothed at 

 the summit, with the midrib extending into an awn. — If. May — June. 

 In salt-water marshes. 3 — i feet. 



6. S. erioph'orum, (Mich.) (Trichophorum cyperium, Pers.) Culm 

 obtusely triangular, leafy ; panicle decomposed, proliferous, nodding. 

 Leaves 1 — 2 feet, linear ; sheaths very long, margin brown. Bristles 

 6, exserted when the fruit is ripe. — Borders of swamps and meadows. 

 4 — 5 feet. 



7. S. exalta'tus, (Pursh.) (Scirpus polyphyllns, Vahl.) Stem ob- 

 tusely 3-angled. Leaves long, glabrous, finely serrulate. Spikes ovate, 

 clustered, in a compound umbel. Involucre many-leaved, longer than 

 the umbel ; involucel short. 



Var. S. vivip'arus. Stem tall, somewhat climbing. Umbels vivipa- 

 rous, bearing flowers at the base of the branches. — If. July — August. 

 In shady woods. 2 — 10 feet. 



8. vS. linea'tus, (Mich.) Stem triangular, leafy, glabrous. Leaves 

 lanceolate, channeled, finely serrulate. Spikes ovate, in axillary um- 

 bels. Glumes ferruginous, with the midrib green. — %. June — Aug. 

 Pine-barrens. 2 — 3 feet 



