PLAN OF THIS BOOK 



Nomenclature 



The botanical names in this book follow the seventh edition 

 of Gray's Manual. The custom now is to drop capitals from 

 geographical adjectives in writing specific names. They are 

 retained in names derived from those of persons. Thus we 

 write canadensis, but Beckii. 



Accents teach correct pronunciation, a matter of some 

 difficulty in botanical names. The acute accent ( ' ) means 

 the short sound of the vowel of the accented syllable; the 

 grave ( v ) , the long sound. 



The illustrations are those, with a few added, which were 

 drawn for The Flowers of Field, Hill, and Swamp by the 

 etcher and artist, the late Benjamin Lander. His work has 

 won deserved admiration. 



Some plants in this book are illustrated with excellent 

 colored plates. For purposes of identification, color draw- 

 ings are invaluable. Flower lovers hope for a cheap and 

 easy process of tinted photography, some day, by which 

 all plants may be represented by their colors as well as 

 forms. 



The arrangement of species in the different chapters is 

 from those of lowest rank, through those still higher, to the 

 composites, the highest of all the families in rank. 



