IN AUSTRALIA PHILOLOGICALLY EXAMINED. 121 
embodies twice over the form with which we are dealing. It 
was the form par that struck the traveller Humboldt among the 
rivers of South America. As names which had been given to the 
Orinoco, he found such as these, Yuyapari, Huriaparia, and 
Urapari. In these and other instances he thought he could recog- 
nize the radical form par, meaning water, in parts of the continent 
widely separated from each other. Para means rain in Peru ; 
parani to rain. Pariaisa lake. In Carib, parana means a sea, 
Para, Pari, and Parana are names of rivers in South America. 
Pari also means to flow, as the tide in Maori. 
Fo ery numerous in Australian geography, are 
illustrated by examples of that root meaning water in some of its 
aspects in the Malay and other languages. ayr i 
of many words in the countries of Europe on which the Roman 
language was so deeply stamped. The same root, as muir, appears 
in the Celtic family of languages. There are also the Teutonic 
orms in mere, meer, as Thirl-mere and Rydal-mere. Words repre- 
sented by the English marsh, but which occur in Scandinavia and 
France, belong to the same large family. urun is a river in 
Mongol, and Mari a lake in Ugrian. Meren is a sea in Malay, 
and miri to rain in Feejee. 
point to the Gazetteer of New South Wales. We have, indeed, 
not by any means taken up all the smaller currents flowing into 
the main stream which would have to be considered in an exhaus- 
tive investigation ; yet the area operated upon may be represented 
as including about 250 of the rivers and waters which make up 
the total of nearly 800, which occur in the New South Wales 
Gazetteer. One conclusion, so far, is pretty plain, that there is 
principles and method of dealing with names for rivers and the 
principles which have been seen to prevail so extensively in other 
parts of the world. 
Wep to tra tream, which drains 
a large area, as regards aboriginal names for rivers and waters, the 
representative letter now is V, one which has close kinship to M, 
ady considered. I 3 to the imitative class of letters. 
It is well fitted to indicate the din of the waters, as m sets forth 
