Re ES nE ES in Ih i tole Sat i a) 0 Sl daa ag a 
1876.] Summer Birds of the White Mountain Region. 79 
weeks later than they do two degrees further south (within thirty 
miles of the shore). The purple finches are rare ; but five kinds 
of sparrows are common, and make up this deficiency ; of these 
the song sparrows, bay-winged buntings, and savannah sparrows 
frequent the fields, from which I constantly hear their songs— the 
more familiar music of the two former, and the quaint, drawling 
“ chip-chirr” or“ chip-chip-chee-chee-chirr”’ of the savannah spar- 
rows. ‘ Chippers ” are quite common in the village, and all day 
long the clear, exquisite whistle of the Peabody-birds (or white- 
throated sparrows) is heard from the woodland which they in- 
habit. ‘The snow-birds frequent the woods and hill-sides in many 
places, and there gain a livelihood by finding food on the ground 
or about fallen logs and standing stumps, over which they are 
constantly running ; and the indigo-birds are common in pasture- 
land, whence I often hear their familiar song, sometimes joined 
with that of the chestnut-sided warbler, or some other denizen of 
their haunts. 
The Icteride and Corvide are represented each by two species, 
the former by the bobolinks and a stray pair of golden robins, the 
latter by crows (in no great abundance) and a very few blue jays, 
whose screams I hear but occasionally from the woods. (Thus the 
number of oscine birds which I remember to have seen at Beth- 
lehem is fifty, of which sixteen are not regular summer-residents 
in Massachusetts. The number of Clamatores is six, and the 
total number of Passeres fifty-six, of which forty are also regular 
summer residents in the neighborhood of Boston.) The repre- 
sentatives of the Clamatores are the following fly-catchers: the 
kingbirds, the great crested fly-catchers, the pewees, which are 
not at all abundant, the olive-sided fly-catchers, the wood pewees, 
and the Traill’s fly-catchers, which inhabit much the same places 
as do the wood pewees, preferring, however, rather drier woods, 
Where, from the upper branches, on which they have taken their 
post, they utter their characteristic ‘* pu-ee.” ; 
Belted kingfishers live near the streams and mill-ponds; and in 
the forests which border upon these, live the humming-birds, which 
Yarely come to the gardens in the village, preferring the woods to 
open grounds, as I believe that they often do in more cultivated 
and more thickly populated districts. Occasionally, whip-poor- 
wills enliven the night with their cries, and night-hawks very 
often fly about at dusk, sometimes in company with the few chim- 
ney swallows which live in the village. I have once or twice 
heard the notes of the (yellow-billed ?) cuckoo from the shrubbery 
