Se a RTE Betas GR ee ee ee rien a nee ee a a 
Th 
187 6] Anthropology.) 241 
chiefs, — they nevertheless take great pains with the burial of their dead, 
marking out and adorning the graves with posts, and decorating them 
with the bones of the dugong. None of them have any metal imple- 
ments; tanged and barbed arrowheads are wanting in them. When 
containing any burnt bones, the latter never occur in urns, and a large pro- 
portion of the bones present the manganic oxide discoloration. The im- 
mense majority of long barrows in the south of England were erected for 
inhumation, whereas exactly the reverse has been the rule in the north 
counties. 
On the whole, indications are not wanting which suggest that inhuma- 
tion will ultimately be shown to have been the earliest mode of burial 
practiced in theseas yet the earliest known sepulchres, and that inhumation 
in galleried chambers was probably the earliest variety practiced, at least 
where the necessary slabs of such chambers and passages were available, 
but that burial withbut burning, and also without any cist or chamber 
whatever, may in other districts not so conditioned have been contem- 
poraneous with burial in chambers; and, finally, that inhumation in cists 
without passages leading down to them, and cremation, mark later epochs 
in the Long Barrow Period. The plan of cremation was that of pack- 
ing the bodies in all states of decomposition along the central axis, to- 
gether with wood and stones; the combustible and transpirable mass 
reached half the. length of the barrow. Whatever was done in a crema- 
tion barrow was done at one time, once and for all. 
Macmillan & Co. have published during the last year a work en- 
titled Angola and the River Congo, by Joachim John Monteiro. The 
author speaks very disparagingly of the prospects of civilizing the na- 
tives. The same gentleman has a paper on a kindred subject in vol. v., 
part ii., of the Journal of the Anthropological Institute. 
: M. Clermont Ganneau reviews the ancient inhabitants of Palestine in 
the August number of Macmillan’s Magazine. The London Atheneum 
of December 11, 1875, contains a letter from the Rey. Selah Merrill, 
archzologist of the American Palestine Exploration Society, in which 
he reports a visit to Um El Jemal, the Beth Gamul of Jeremiah, in the 
neighborhood of Bozrah and Salchad. 
Professor Fischer, director of the Mineralogical and Geological Mu- 
seum of Freiburg, Baden, has sought to organize a new branch of anti- 
quarian study, namely, mineralogical archwology. His object is to as- 
Certain, by a microscopical and chemical examination of nephrite, jade- 
ite, and other substances of which stone implements are made, the ex- 
act source of these materials, and also the migrations of the people who 
used them. 
AN Ixptan ROCK-SHELTER IN LANCASTER County, PENNSYLVA- 
NIA. — Professor Haldeman has lately discovered an interesting series of 
dian relics in a small cave, or more properly rock-shelter, at the west- 
ern side of Chickis Rock, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. This rock 
OL, X. — No. 4, 16 
