1876.] Geography and Exploration. 249 
eron has since been informed that Lukuga, the outlet of Lake Tan- 
ganyika, falls into the Lualaba above the junction of the Lurwa and 
the Kamorondo. 
The gallant explorer started from Ujiji on his lonely and chivalrous 
expedition on the 20th of May, 1874, and, after traversing the Manyuema 
country, arrived at Nyangwé on the Lualaba, the farthest point reached 
by Livingstone, in the following August. He found that Livingstone 
had placed this station ninety miles too far to the west. It proved to be 
only fourteen hundred feet above the level of the sea, which at once puts 
an end to any notion of the Lualaba being connected with the Nile sys- 
tem. Instead of flowing north, the Lualaba here turns to the west, and 
then west-southwest, eventually entering and flowing through a great 
lake called Sankowa. The river receives many tributaries from the 
south, and one very large stream from north of the equator, called the 
Lowa. Thus the drainage from both north and south of the equator 
accounts for the two rises in the Congo. For Cameron has now fully 
established the identity of the Lualaba and the Congo. 
e advance from Nyangwé, Livingstone’s farthest point, was the 
most momentous crisis in Cameron’s undertaking. ‘The difficulties were 
great. It was impossible to obtain canoes. The chief beyond the Lo- 
mané, which here falls into the Lualaba, declared his resolution of mak- 
ing war if the explorer attempted to cross his country. He was thus 
diverted from his intended route down the course of the Congo. But 
he was not to be stopped. The route he actually did take was of equal 
™mportance, and led to equally valuable geographical discoveries. It led 
south from Nyangwé, up the eastern side of the valley of the Lomané, 
to Kilemby, the capital of a great chief named Kasongo, who ruled over 
all the country of Urua. 
_+he Urua country was first made known to us by Captain Burton, in 
is Lake Regions of Central Equatorial Africa, who calls it Uruwwa, 
a central district west of Tanganyika,” with a ruler named Kiyombo, 
who was friendly to the Arabs, and traded in ivory, staves, and copper 
from Katanga. Dr. Livingstone also heard of the same country, which 
he called Rua; but Cameron was the first to discover it and fix its 
Position, 
Cameron remained at the capital of Urua from October, 1874, to Feb- 
Tuary, 1875. It is a most important central point, for here the traders 
from the east and west meet. Cameron found an Arab merchant named 
Jumah ibn Salim, from Zanzibar, and also two mulatto traders named 
Alriz and Coimbra, from Bihé in Benguela. His long detention in 
Kasongo’s country enabled the explorer to collect much valuable geo- 
graphical information respecting the whole of this part of tropical Africa, 
Including a complete and detailed account of the rivers and lakes which 
“ the Congo from the south. He discovered a new lake called Kas- 
sali, through which the Lualaba flows; and another, with no outlet, 
