292 University Instruction in Botany. [May, 
cetes, illustrated by Agaricus, Lactarius, Corticium, ete., alco- 
holic material, to show structure of mycelium and hymenium. 
(B.) Ascomycetes, showing ascospores, conidia, pycnidia, ete., 
illustrated by Eurotium, Phyllactinia, Microspheria, Peziza, 
Morchella, Spheria morbosa, Spheria herbarum, Hypomyces, 
etc. 
(C.) Lichens of different kinds. 
(D.) Fucus, Laminaria, Ectocarpus, Polysiphonia, Callith- 
amnion. (These last can be obtained alive in winter by those 
living near the sea-coast, and all except Fucus can be kept per- 
fectly well in alcohol.) 
The subjects just mentioned for December, January, and Feb- 
ruary should occupy two days out of the three, part of the time 
being spent in attending lectures and part in laboratory work. 
The third day, the organography of flowering plants should be 
studied. 
Marcu.—(A.) Ferns and mosses, structure of prothallu 
and fruit, one day in the week. 
(B.) Vegetable physiology, one day. 
(C.) Organography of flowering plants, one day. 
APRIL, MAY, AND JUNE. — One day a week to histology of 
higher plants. Two days to analysis of flowering plants. With 
a certain number of lectures on vegetable physiology, and in 
early summer a glance at the Uredinet, illustrated by acidial 
and uredo forms and dried material of teleutospores. 
Such would be the course which we should advise for a person 
old enough, and with sufficient previous training to be admitted tọ 
college. For persons in their first and second childhood, kinder- 
garten methods will do very well, but for young men we prefer 
work. The course we have laid down requires work with the 
compound microscope from the very beginning. There is no de- 
nying that the microscope has caused a revolution in botany, and 
no botanist of the present day, no matter what department he 
may take up, can afford to be ignorant of the practical working 
of that instrument. Vegetable histology is the very A BC of 
botany, and no botanical work can be solid unless it rests on that 
foundation. To be sure, the shicroscopical societies have done — : 
their best to bring the microscope into disrepute, by encouraging 
the notion that there is a department of microscopy apart from 
botany, zodlogy, and pathology, and by striving to recommend t0 
the public large and expensive instruments, which, however pr 
fect they may be optically, are ill adapted for steady work and 
