dis 
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1876.| A Cosmopolitan Butterfly. J. Its Birthplace. 395 
bifid at tip, and their caterpillars live in a nest formed by draw- 
ing together the edges of a single leaf; while those of the latter 
have the inner lobe of the paronychia rudimentary, the upper 
abdominal appendage simple, and their caterpillars live in nests 
formed of many leaves. 
Now V. Atalanta falls into the former section, and V. cardui 
into the latter ; and if we put out of consideration for the mo- 
ment the distribution of these two butterflies, since they occur 
alike in both worlds, we find that all the species of the first group 
are Old World species (including V. Kammeamea), and all the 
species of the second group are New World species. It is diffi- 
cult to avoid the conclusion, therefore, that these two insects 
originated, each where its nearest congeners are exclusively 
found, namely, V. Atalanta in the Old World and V. cardui in 
the New ; or, using the facts of distribution still further, V. Ata- 
lanta in Europe and V. cardui in North America. 
That V. cardui should be found upon many of the outlying isl- 
ands of the Old World, and upon almost none of those which 
surround its birthplace, is not a matter of much surprise. The 
butterfly-fauna of islands which have little or no indigenous pop- 
ulation is almost altogether made up of a few species of great en- 
durance and which hibernate as butterflies (that is, are longer 
lived than others in the imago state), and it seems pretty certain 
that their presence there: at all is an accidental circumstance. 
Mr. J. M. Jones has recently given! a very interesting account 
of the sudden appearance in Bermuda of large numbers of Terias 
Lisa, a delicate-winged butterfly, common enough in the south- 
em United States, but hitherto unknown to Bermuda, where he 
has detected only Anosia Berenice, Danaida Archippus, and 
Junonia Conia ; and he very reasonably accounts for the sudden 
appearance of these little butterflies by supposing them to have 
n caught up by the winds in a period of great atmospheric 
$ urbance, and whirled over the sea to this island. Another 
os a of the visit, during a cyclone, of numerous birds ag 
$ a ship six hundred miles from the African coast an 
wo hundred from the Cape Verde Islands ; among these were 
at | butterflies, Diadema Bolina and Vanessa cardui, the latter 
— not yet recorded from the Cape Verde Islands. Other 
bl ces might be given, but from these alone we may reasona- 
Y Suppose that of the myriads of insects which perish from such 
“aes a few now and then reach and people some hospitable 
1 Psyche for November, 1875. 
