540 Progress of Ornithology in the United States. [September, 
seventh volume includes a few species previously unpublished by 
this author. 
In 1832 appeared the first volume of Thomas Nuttall’s Man- 
ual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada, 
embracing the land-birds. This was followed in 1834 by the 
second volume, devoted to the water-birds. A new edition of 
the land-birds was published in 1840, including all the species — 
discovered in the mean time by Townsend and Audubon. These 
two volumes (12mo, Boston), illustrated with numerous small 
wood-cuts, contain a succinct history of the birds of North Amer- 
ica known at the time of their publication, and, being written in 
a pleasing style, form a work that has been deservedly popular, 
despite many inaccuracies, and has recently been republished. 
The next general work on the birds of North America was 
John Cassin’s Illustrations of the Birds of California, Texas, 
Oregon, British and Russian America. This was published in 
parts (Philadelphia, 1853-55), and was intended to contain de- 
scriptions and figures of all North American birds unfigured by 
previous authors, and a general synopsis of North American or- 
nithology. It was issued in ten parts, with fifty plates. The 
author’s plan of continuing the work was probably superseded 
by the preparation soon after of a far more important work, 1n 
the labor of which Mr. Cassin shared. a 
Dr. T. M. Brewer’s North American Odlogy (Smithsonian 
Contributions, vol. xi.), published in 1857, is the only American 
work devoted exclusively to the eggs and breeding habits of 
North American birds. It is, however, as yet uncompleted, Partl. 
(quarto, pp. 140) embracing the Raptores and Fissirostres, being 
the only portion yet published. The five colored plates give 
figures of the eggs of all the species of these groups at ho 
accessible, while the text contains a very full account of the dis 
tribution and breeding habits of the species embraced. 
In 1858 appeared the well-known General Report on ue 
Birds of North America, forming volume viii. of the Pacific ae 
road Reports of Explorations and Surveys. This was the joint 
work of Spencer F. Baird, John Cassin, and George N ee 
rence, the parts devoted to the Raptores, Gralla, and a 
being by Mr. Cassin, while Mr. Lawrence wrote that relating to 
the Longipennes, Totipalmes, and Colymbide, the remainder be- 
ing by Professor Baird, the whole work making a quarto "e 
of over one thousand pages. The abundant material at the com 
mand of these eminent authors, and the elaborate and criticà 
