. 
1876.] Zoölogy. 625 
of the State perhaps excepted) never do things by halves, we shall hope- 
fully expect to see the other half of this, namely, volume second. 
BOTANICAL PAPERS IN RECENT PERIODICALS. — Comptes rendus, 
82, No. 20. Corenwinder, Chemical Researches respecting Vegetation. 
_ (The office of leaves. Fixation of carbon.) No. 21. L. Chailletet, On 
the Nature of the Mineral Substances assimilated by Fungi. No. 23. 
Pasteur, On the Origin of Organized Ferments. A. de Candolle, In- 
fluence of the Age of a Tree on the Mean Time of Leaf-Bud Expan- 
sion. Boiteau, On the Galls occurring on the Leaves of French Grape- 
Vines. No. 25. Maupas, On Contractile Vacuoles in the Vegetable 
Kingdom. No. 26. Hartsen, Researches respecting Oupressus pyrami- 
dalis. Bontin, Note on the Origin of the Nitrates in Amarantus Blitum. 
83, No. 1. Trécul, The Carpellary Theory illustrated by Amarylli- 
dace. Nylander, The Lichens of Campbell Island. No. 2. Trécul’s 
Paper on the carpellary theory continued. Durin, On Cellulosic Fer- 
in Egypt. Dr. Suerssen, Notices of Vascular Cryptogams collected by 
Wawza. No. 19. Dr. B. Frank, The Biological Relations of the Thallus 
of some Crustaceous Lichens. No. 20. N ylander, Additions to European 
Lichenography. Dr. Prantl, Morphological Studies. De Krempelhuber, 
Brazilian Lichens. No. 21. J. E. Weiss, Relations of Growth and the 
Course of Fibrovascular Bundles of Piperacex. J. Reinke, Note respect- 
ing Recent Account of Apparatus for Demonstrating Growth. 
Botanische Zeitung, Nos. 25, 26, 27, 28. Dr. Ernst Reuther, Contribu- 
tions to the History of the Development of Flowers. No. 29. Solms- 
Laubach, The Development of the Flowers of Brugmansia Zippelii and 
Aristolochia Clematitis L. (continued in the four succeeding numbers 
of the journal), No. 33. A. W. Eichler, Reply to Reuther’s paper men- 
tioned above. No. 34. Professor Schenk, On the Fruit of Fossil Equise- 
Professor Famintzin, On the Formation of Cotyledons. 
ZOOLOGY. 
GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION AMONG NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS, 
ESPECIALLY IN Respect To Size. — Having recently had an opportu- 
"y (through the kindness of Professor Baird) of studying with some 
“ae magnificent series of skulls of the North American Mammalia 
belonging to the National Museum (amounting often to eighty or a hun- 
~a Specimens of a single species), I have been strongly impressed with 
* different degrees of variability exhibited by the representatives of the 
_ sles and genera of even the same family. The variation in size, for 
stance, with latitude, in the wolves and foxes is surprisingly great, 
4 “Mounting in some species (as will be shown later) to twenty-five per 
Ant of 
oy 
the average size of the species, while in other species of the Fere 
X. — No, 10, 40 
