312 BOTANY AND PALEONTOLOGY 



which, in the specimen, is filled with a coaly matter, and which looks like 

 the place of a kernel. The top is also marked by two diverging small 

 hollows appearing like the two cotyledons of certain fruits of our time. 

 This is said only concerning the form, and not to show any relation what- 

 ever between the fruits of the coal and those of the dicotyledonous plants 

 which cannot belong to the coal. If by the ripening and the enlarging 

 of this fruit the marked depressions became joined together, and if the 

 outer envelope marked by the striated margin a was destroyed, we would 

 have just the same form in this species as the one marked fig. 4. Hence 

 the name given to it. It was found both at the same places and on the 

 same shales as the former. 



15. Carpolithes platimarginatus, Lsqx. This fruit has the form of an 

 almond, and might be perhaps referred to Carpolithes amy gel alee for mis, 

 Gb'p. & Berg. It has already been published in a different form for the 

 Report of the State Geological Survey of Pennsylvania. The general 

 outline is oval, but it is often enlarged at the base, more pointed above, 

 and with a narrow margin or no margin at all. It was found at Male's 

 coal-bank and Lee creek, and ascends above the Conglomerate; at least in 

 Pennsylvania it was found in the lowest coal of Trevorton, between two 

 beds of conglomerate. 



16. Calamites undulatus, Sternb. (PI. 4, fig. 7, and 7 a.) This species 

 is common enough in America and in Europe, in connection with the 

 lowest strata of the coal. It has been already published by different 

 authors ; but the articulations have never been figured and described ; and 

 as this species is considered by some as doubtful, or only as a variety of 

 Calamites cannceformis, Brgt., it becomes, in the form in which it is pub- 

 lished, as interesting as a new one. The ribs, in the natural and corti- 

 cated state are smooth, irregularly undulated, separated by a deep smooth 

 furrow. In the decorticated state, or when the carbonaceous pellicle which 

 covers the stem is removed, the ribs appear nearly flat, marked by hori- 

 zontal and numerous wrinkles separated by a broad smooth line (fig. 7 a). 

 On the articulations which are deeply marked, the base of each furrow is 

 marked by an oval point which is scarcely a tubercle, and which varies in 

 its form and size. 



17. Sphenopteris decipiens, Lsqx. (PL 5, fig. 1, and 1 a.) A bipinnately 

 divided branch of fern with short, lanceolate, somewhat obtuse pinnse and 

 variable pinnules mostly round in outline. By the form of the leaflets 

 this species has a great likeness to Alethopteris nervosa, Brgt., but differs 

 by its peculiar nervation ; the somewhat thick medial nerve running along 

 the rachis to its point of attachment (fig. 1 a). The nervules of this 

 species are generally obsolete and scarcely visible. In Alethopteris nervosa 

 they are, on the contrary, deep and well-marked. Found at James' Fork 

 of Poteau. 



18. Neuropteris tenuifolia, Brgt. (PL 5, fig. 2 to 6.) Though this species 



