28 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[AuaosT 13,U1830, 



gisJf §uJ(ttr^. 



—Address all communications to"Iorest and Stream 

 Puhlishing Company, Ntiv York." 



THE INTEKNATIONAL FISHERY EXHIBITION 

 IN BERLIN. 



,*< EUS6IA, EKGLAKD AND ASIERICA.* 



RUSSIA'S exhibit in the Berlin Flsheiy Exposition of 

 ISSO is by no means proportionate to the vast ex- 

 tent of her system uf v.atercuurses, to the iirnchiets of 

 her enormous rivtrs ami lier colossal lakes. These water- 

 courses have rendered the stepi.x's habitable and have 

 made them fertile bv their moist atmospliere drawing 



immigrants to their shores. 'Jh^ 



into existence a sort of primitive 

 ingfar inland; the nomads bee 

 men, and in t)ie eouisc of eentu 

 up along tlie Ijaiiks of the rivei's 

 part at least base.l on the lislierie 

 thf Dnieper, tlio Obi. contain nc 

 species of lish, Ijut es|,ecially 



woallh of lish eaUed 

 bartering trade extend- 

 ime farmers and fisher- 

 ies large cities sprung 

 whose existence is in 

 •: The Volga, the Don, 

 irly all our welbknown 



sturgeon, which in spito of persecutions ^ ielil a rich fish 

 harvest y.-ar after year. Of all this, and especially of 

 tlie immense economical importance of the Russian flsli- 

 erie.s, tb.e exhibit gives a very faint idea, although it is 

 interesting in itself. C'avi.ar is, of course, represented by 

 a large number of samples : there are dried fish, various 

 articles made of fish skin and fish bladders, dilTcrent 

 hinds of lish oil and a number of fish in spirits of wine. 

 Pisciculture seeitis of lati! years toattract more attention, 

 for we find in the exposition specimens of Curnrjoni, 

 salmon and sterlet raised by the authorities and by pri- 

 vate individnals. Mr. tjonstantine Jfuszynski, proprietor 

 of the Melele estate in Roland, has sent a very interest- 

 ing collection of fish, of which we shall .give a descrip- 

 tion in a future number. 



What has been said of Kussia a|iplies rdso to England, 

 The English fisheries, especially the salt water llsheries, 

 are very extensive, but the exhibit does not do them jus- 

 tice. What is there is very litautiful, elegtiut and prac- 

 tical, but relates almeist exidusively to hook and line 

 fishing. There are also on exhibition, net."!, models of 

 boats and very fine representations of fish in uoodand 

 plaster of Paris, but the main jiortion of the English ex- 

 hibit is devoted to fly-lishing, etc. The handsome cases 

 are filled w-ith hooks, lines, etc, and the celebrated Red- 

 ditch manufactures of S. Allcock & Co, and Bartlett & 

 Sons are well represented. It is well known how pas- 

 sionately fond Englishmen are of salmon fishing. Daring 

 summer lai ge numbers of tlieni maybe found in Scot- 

 laud, Ireland, Sweden and Norway, often living in very 

 primitive huts and paying large sums for llieir fishing 

 privileges, in order to give away the fish which they baye 

 caught. This, in their opinion, is true sport ; the fish in 

 itself is no object ; they only seek the excitement con- 

 nected with fishing. The relief representations of sajmo- 

 noides and their inner structure are very fine ; and of spe- 

 cial interest is a representation of two equally large pike, 

 one of which has half swallowed the other. 



The American exhibit is veiy extensive and varied : 

 broad and comprehensive views have e-sidently guided 

 irs arrangement : nothing has fieen left to tlie whuus and 

 fancies of individuals, and the result is therefore a very 

 complete and ailmirably arranged exhibit, which could 

 not possibly be more iii.structive. The arrangement has 

 been in the hands of the United States Commission of 

 Fish and Fisheries, which h.as displayed great energy 

 and knowledge of the subject. At the head of this com- 

 mission is Prof. Spencer F. Baird, the most prominent 

 ScientiBc and practical ichthyologist in America. His 

 picture hangs in the exhibit, which occuiiies a large por- 

 tion of the tii',st stoiy. 



The collection of American aquatic animals, stutfed. 





if tl 



ud beauliful niarbfe 

 n Alaska shows his 

 tig seals ordy make 

 •oup is part of the 



natural science es- 



is verj' e.xtensive, 



of forma. At the enu oi me uroao ;. 

 staircase an enormotis sea litm fro 

 powerful teeth, while the surrotindi 

 him appear all the larger. This g 

 . very interesting and well-managed 



tabliahment of Prof. Henry A. Ward, of lioehester, N. 

 Y.. which has been in existence for about twenty years, 

 and which annually sends out inqjortant exiicdiiions for 

 obtaining rare animals, and presents specimens of every 

 iind to schools, museums, etc. This collection contains 

 xnany rare Bpecimens, e. ff., an enormous ciumpfish ((?^»i- 

 notus eleetrtciia), measuring almost two meters, from the 

 Orinoko, in A'enzuela ; they are in the tropical regions 

 called "tremljlers" itreifibladores), and are much dreaded 

 by the natives. In the inside of these fish there is a 

 whitish, jelly-like orgati, by means of which they deal 

 powerful blows, which are often fatal, resembUng in this 

 respect the Torpedo murmorata found in our \vater8, 

 whose electric battery, however, is not so strong. The large 

 coliecrion exhibited' by the United States Conmiission, 

 embracing all the useful and hurtful aquatic animals of 

 North America, is well arranged and exceedingly instruc- 

 tive. The American fishes ai-e brought before us partly 

 in stulfed specimens, partly in colored enpiiivings and 

 pholograplis, giving the natural size in e;icb ctise, and 

 partly in plaster of Paris casts which are true to natiu'e. 

 Of the many difl'erent kinds of vessels, the Indiaji 

 boats difler jnost from anything we liave. One of them 

 is made of birch bark and "manned" by a serious-looking 

 Indian and his squaw ; another circular one is covered 

 ■with buffalo skin, and can easily be transported over 

 land. Such boats are called "bull boats," or "coracles," 

 and are now also made in England, are used much by 

 anglers, and occasionally carried by them to the fishing 

 place. Portable folding canvas boats are often used in 

 the United States, and several specimens of such boats 

 are exhibited. The very pretty one built by Osgood is 

 ari-anged for two persons ; it is fifteen four long, goes f otrr 

 inches in t)ie water, carries 850 pounds, and weighs only 

 twenty pounds. The most elegant boat, which has been 

 jnost admired, is a canoe for one man, which is so well 

 built that one like it has made the voyage from the Gulf 



* '' Kussland, Eugland, AmeriUa," translated by Herman Jaoob- 



of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of 

 2,500 miles. 



We also find here models of all those resaels which are 

 used for fi.shtng on the high seas and for transporting live 

 fish. Amongst the rest there is a model of the United 

 States steamer Fish Hawk, which is exclusively devoted 

 to the service of the United Slates Fish Coininission, and 

 is fm-nished with all the necessary apparatus for hatcli- 

 ing codfish and shad during the voyage. In this we also 

 recognize the practical method of our transatlantic cous- 

 ins, of wliom it may be said in the best sense of the term, 

 "that they linow how to do it," To cont^eive a good idea 

 and to carry it out, is with them one and the same thing, 

 but what a long distatice does often separate the two 

 with us ! To give an idea of the care which has been 

 taken to make every portion of the exhibit as complete 

 as possible, we wiirtneiition that twei\ty-four different 

 kinds of knives are e_^hibited, all serving some special 

 purpose in conuecli.ai with the fisheries. From the 

 prinntive implements used liy the Indians down to the 

 most modern and ingenious conti'ivances, no intermedi- 

 ate stage is left unrepresented. We see wl.ole wails c 

 ered with every imaginable variety of hooks and of arti- 

 ficial baits, mostly- flies ; there are about 101) kinds. In 

 one word, everything we see combines solidity and ele- 

 gance, is so well made and so advantageously exhibited, 

 that even a perfect tvro in tlie noble art of" fishing will 

 soon tiiiilcrstand tiie use to which each object is to 

 put. There is no gap in the representation of the vast field 

 of tb.e fisheries and of the history of piscicidlure, and the 

 impression which this exhibit makes on the visitor is 

 therefore powerful and lasting. Time forbids to mention 

 more details, although the rich exhibit of works on the 

 subject might well deserve it, and we leave the exposi- 

 tion deeiily impressed with the energetic, well-directed 

 and successful activity of the United States Fish Com- 

 mission, 



■» 



o(' Hatching the Lopurus.— Last week our Gloucester 

 correspondent gave an account of tlie hatching of the 

 "American angler," or "goose fish" (Lophius ameri- 

 cantls), by Mr, A. H. Clark, and we natiu-ally wanted 

 more particulars concBrning the obtaining of the eggs, 

 time of hatching, etc, He writes as follows : — 



GLoutESTER, Mass., Aug. ith. 



The eggs were found (loating near the surface in a 

 si ring some tliirty feet or more in length and several feet 

 wide, held te.getJier by the glutinous or jelly-like sub- 

 stance before mentioned, and not attached to any weeds 

 or drift stuff. A part of them were placed in the "'Chester 

 Hutching-box," which was moored alongside the wharf, 

 on the f.'ith of July. On the IVth the eggs were sepa- 

 rated, and the embryo could be seen in them. Three 

 day.s later fish wca-e found alive, with the umbilical bag 

 attached, and on the 37th the bag was found to be ab- 

 sorbed on some of the yoimg fish. Judging from this, it 

 would be five days from the time of hatching till the flsli 

 were fully forme'd, We know liow worlhlesslhe "monk- 

 fish"' is in a "practical point of view:" but still, not- 

 withstanding he is principally noted for nothing better 

 than a natural aptitude for " taldng in " all he can, with 

 a rapaciousness that might stamp him as a Jew among 

 fishes, it cannot be denied that ho has a fine open counte- 

 nance, whieli is certainly a recommendatiuii ; I'or, when 

 he smiles, the iqipei pari of bis liead is an an island, and 

 it is an invitation to all lit tie ii,she5 to come in out of the 

 wet. J. VV. C. 



Death of 1>Ir. W, A. Li.oyd,— We regret to announce 

 the death of Mr. W, A, Lloyd, so long and favorably 

 known in connection with European Aquaria. He died 

 in England July 1 Ith. at the age of 56 years. He plamied 

 most of the public aquaria in England and on the Conti- 

 nent, and was probably tho best inforuied man upon the 

 management of" them in the world. 



The " Fish Hawk."— The United States Bsh-hatching 

 steamer Fish Hawk arrived at Newport on the first of 

 this month, and on the sixth made her first oflicial trip 

 with all the members of the Fish Commission on board ex- 

 cept Rrof, Baird. 



Codfish in Fbesh Water.— In a translation of Fort- 

 eguels over de Danske Ferskvandsfiske, \'ed Arthur Fed- 

 dersen, Naturhiatorisk Tidsskrift 3, R. 12. B. I-'.', H. ISTll, 

 by Dr. T. H. Bean, of Smithsonian, the following pas- 

 sage occurs : The catalogue beicw ijuoted includes 

 strictly fresh water fishes only, and such marine fishes as 

 are frequently found in frcsli water. I have, however, 

 been somewhat perplexed bv a couple of species, which 

 are stated liy C. E. V.irming, a merchant of Kolding, to 

 be caught now and then in Kolding rivulet, namely l\»rsk 

 (Oadtis morrhua), which in September and October is 

 caught in abundance, andTangsnan- (Spiriachia vulgariis). 

 Indeed, in the rivulet mentioned my eoiiiilryman has 

 even himself caught or seen cau.alit'tbe coulmon kul- 

 mule (Mtrhircinb- vulgaris) and pigliaien jAcuTitliias i itl- 

 gari«) which ai-e not found elsewhere on tho coast. The 

 Torsk IS said of late years to go quite up to the basin at 

 Odense ; iii the rivulet, however, it ascends scarcely be- 

 yond Korup." Why uot have the codfish in the great 

 lakes 5 



♦ 

 )■■ A New Species of Mackkkel.— ff/oitcfiVer, Mass., Aug. 

 iHh. — A peculiar fish, somewhat resembling a mackerel, 

 and about twelve inches long, was found among some 

 nrackerel that were caught in a seine seven miles south- 

 east from this harbor on July i'tith. Mr. John Conley 

 presented it to Mr. A. Howard t lark. Agent of the Uni- 

 ted States Fish Commission here. Old (ishermen whosaw 

 it thought it a hybrid. The fish was forwarded to the 

 lieadquarterg of the Commission at Newpoit, where it 

 was examined by Profs. Spencer F. Baird and G. 

 Browne Goode. At first it was thought to be a species 

 of Aii.vis, a fish said by Prof. Baird to j-esemblo the tun- 

 ny in form, and also liaving a corslet of scales around the 

 pectoral fin as the tunny has. TheAxixis has been taken 

 in large quantities on the coast, but they are worthless as 

 food. A later and more tliorongh cxamin.ition of the 

 fish has been made by Prof. (Juode, wlio nou thinks it 

 maybe an entirely new speciesof the true mackerel fam- 

 ily,' heretofore unknown to science. The libh resembles 

 the common mackerel (.Sc07H6crsco7?ibi!(,) in shape, be- 

 ing, possibly, a httle thicker, is blue on the siues and 

 back, and without the transvei-se markings jieculiar to , 

 the mackerel. ,J. W. C. I 



'V Another New Fi.sh on the Atlantic Coast.— iVeic- 

 port.R. J., Aug. ilh.— The United States Fish Commis- 

 sion has obtained numerous specimens of a fish, before 

 entirely unknown in the Western Atlantic. This is tho 

 frigate mackerel. Avxis rochei, twenty-eight barrels 

 of which were taken in a mackerel seine, ten miles 

 east of Block Island on tlie 3d of August by the schooner 

 " American Eagle," Capt Josiah Chase, of Provincetown, 

 Mass. 



The frigate mackerel resembles in some particulais 

 the common mackerel ; in others the bonito, the genu 

 Aicvis being intermediate in its character bet^^•een llie 

 scomber, and tlie related genera Ptlamys and Oicynv.^. 

 It lias the two doi-sal fins remote from each other as in 

 scomber, and the general form of the body is slender, like 

 that of the mackerel. The body is, however, scmiewhat 

 stouter, and instead of being covered with small scalfsof 

 uniform size, has a corselet of larger scales under and be- 

 hind the pectoral liiis. Instead of the two small keels 

 upon e ,ch side of the lail wdiiah are so noticeable in the 

 rnack-erel, it lias ilie single more prominent keel of 11- 

 lionito and tlie tuiinv. Its color is gi-ayish-blue, seuii' 

 thing like that of the pollack, the beflv being ligliter than 

 tlie back. Under the posterior part 'of the body, above 

 the lateral line, are a few cloudings of maculations re- 

 sembling those of the mackerel. The occurrence of a 

 large school of this beautiful .species in our waters is 

 very noteworthy, for the fish newv fnr tlie first time ob- 

 served are very possibly the precursors ot numerous 

 schools yet to follow, I't is not lumiy years since the 

 bonito became an inhabitant of our waters, and the dis- 

 tribution and habits of the frigate mackerel are supposed 

 to be very similar to those of the bonito and the little 

 tunny, which also first came on the coast in 1S71, and have 

 since" been found in considerable numbers. 



The frigate mackerel lias been e.liserved in the West 

 Indies and other paits of the tropical Atlantic as well as 

 on the coast of Europe. In Great Britain it is called the 

 plain bonito. It is not unusual in the Bermudas, where 

 it is called the "frigate mackerel," a name not inappropri- 

 ate for adoption in this country since its general ap- 

 perance is more like lliat of the mackerel than the I'l iiito, 

 while in swiftness and strength it is more like the lai.u;' i 

 members of this family. 



As a food fish, the frigate mackerel appears to be infe 

 rior to the boni o. G, Brown OoonK. 



In a late note Mr. Goode tells us tliat the auxis ap- 

 pear to be very plenty off Block Island, one vessel com- 

 ing into Newport which had caught and thrown jiway 

 four hundred barrels of them. Our Newport corre- 

 spondent, " Occasional," sends us a specimen of the fisl), 

 which is so fat that we should think it valuable for oil, 

 if not for the table, We should have tested its merits a 

 a food fish, had the letter describing it come earlier. 



♦ 



FISH IN SGA80K IN AUGUST. 



FRESH WATER. 



, SnhnnfunlinalUi. I Mastiilonge, Bso,c noliiltor. 



n, Sii/mii mlitr. \ Piko or Pickorol, Emx luciua. 



rruiit, Salinn namaumsti. l Tellnw Peroh, PercafluvtatilU. 

 Inckeii Salmon, .Stilmd Grayling, r/ii/mclJltis-tritiufar. 



Clack Bass, Mlcrpptenin soJniufdr,*; M. }HiVldii». 



SAiyr WATKR. 



iss, ('e,nii"j>il<IU,ilrnrlu><. \ liliieHsIi, TiimaliimMmUatrix. 

 ' ■ i • :: ■■ ' i;erel, CV6((im rruie- 



. I igah. 



u^.i, I. ...;.:,. , — i-i„---:. -J-iUiclntis ndjulmn.'. 



Troutino in Northern Michioan.— Jaot.sc?!, Mich.. 

 July S&th.—l h&ye pleasure in sending a memorandum 

 of a recent experience away up in Northern Micliigan. 



A party of four left Jackson June 15th ; lieket to 

 Treverse City and return, fare $9.50 ; arrive at Traverse 

 City 5 A..M,, "liitb ; a thriving little city at tho foot of Tra- 

 verse l!a\- ; bad an elegant breakfast at Park Hotel — lake 

 trout, etc,, etc. At 8 o'clock left on board of the steamer 

 City of Grand Rapids and made landings at Old Mission, 

 Elk Rapids and Torch Lake, where we arrived at 2 

 o'clock ; steamboat fare, ^t. Went directly to the Lewis 

 House, a large, pleasant hotel ; rooms for about fifty peo- 

 pile, with all the accompaniments for hunting and fishing, 

 boats, etc.: charges, |lO per week. A couple of out 

 party went out after a 3 o'clock dinner and brought in 

 seventy pigeons ; remained here one night and the next 

 morning took a team for Cedar River in Bellatr Township, 

 the county seat of Antrim County ; distance by wagon' 

 road, eighteen miies, and by steamer across Torch Lake, 

 tWPlvemiles, The steamer was towing rafls and not to be 

 depended upon that day, s,. we to..k the team aroun.l, ai- 

 rivuigupon the Cedar River about ;; p.M, : cost of team, 

 •tL Established our camp up the Cedar about half a 

 milo from its junction with the intermediate river which 

 runs into Grass Lake, half a mile below the junction, 

 and. having speedily pitched our tent, prepared our bunk 

 of cedar boughs and lighted our camp fire, our first 

 me,al was soon ready and disposed of ; our pipes of peace- 

 smoked, and we turned in lor a snooze after a few short 

 yarns. Just at [leep o' day our mtn, whom w'e had previ- 

 ously engaged tor cook "and camp keeper, reijorted for 

 duty, he being a woodsman and living in the neighbor- 

 hood. AVe were 11)1, breakfast over, and oil by 3 o'clock, 

 and, remembering the legend of the early bird, two of 

 lis went down and two worked up stream. The Cedar is 

 a splenilid little river about eighty feet wiiXo on an aver- 

 age, and four feet deep, with the usual deep holes and 

 shallow rapids ; timber is very thick all al. a-, piuu and 

 cedar trees are wiudfalled across and into tbe river Ironi 

 all directions, making it quite dithciUt 10 get along, but 

 convenient to cross, as one cau anywhere, on the logs. 

 The water is very clear and ice-cuM, as a couple of our 

 party can testify on our second days' experience, having 

 got in, of course, in the very deepest place. Returned to 

 camp, all lumds as pei- agreement, about 3 o'clock, with 

 o20 speckled trout and live grayling. 



On the last day, but two of our party fished any : the 

 other two went on a voyage of discoveJy among the an- 

 cients, for know you the great uiouJid t>uildeis once in- 

 habited h.ereaboutB, and their remains we investigated 

 somewhat; but as this is more to deal with the present 



