Ukoembbh 23, 1880.] 



FOREST AND STEEAM. 



413 



Measrs. F. R. Ryer, J. Pcntz and W. A. Coster were ap- 

 pointed a coinniitlee to arrange the raffle. The nominations 

 of olJlcerB for the election in January was next in order, and 

 a number of candidates were nominiited for each office. The 

 nieetiog then adjourned. 



PITTSBURGH DOG SHOW. 



.n^THIS bIjow will talie piuce ojl January 17, ]8 and 19. 

 J_ The eiitricH will close on .lanuary fi. Major J. M. 



Tiivlor, of LK.xiiifiTlnii, Ky. , aa we have already stated, will 

 he "the judge. The St. Cbaries Hotel has been selected as 

 the headinmrters fur tlie committee and sportsmen, and under 

 the able siiiH-rviaoii of Mr. Cluirles Lincoln, the show 

 promises i'i be a.^ratui siicci.-; 

 The pii/.M are for cham]: 

 bitchea !j<20. Imported Eivj;' 

 hitches the same. Native E 

 bitches the .same. Endifili 

 months, ^10; bilelies il 



English setter dogs, .$20; 

 setter dogs, ,-J20 and SIO; 

 :Hii setter dog, $20 and SIO; 

 Her dog puppies under 12 

 iaine- Champion Irish 



setter dd.ffs, s20; bitches the same. Irish 

 $20 ami '^-10: bilches the .'ume; do.c^ pu])pies $10; 

 tiifeltes the same. Chaminon Gordon setter dugs, t'M : bitches 

 tlie same. <lordou setter dogs, ■SSO and Sj^lO; bitches the 

 Siiiue : dog puppies, 810; bitohes tlie same. Uliampiou 

 pointer doL's over .'i,^ lbs., -SSO ; bitches over .50 lbs., .S30; 

 doi's under -5.0 lbs , syO : bitches under 50 llis., S20. Pomtcr 

 dogs eivcr 5.3 lbs., .-f 311 ti'id -rlO ; hitches over 00 lbs., $20 and 

 §10 ; dogs under r,r, lbs., •<20 and 110 ; bitches under 50 lbs., 

 ijiesame''; dog !'n].|'ies under 13 laoiUlis, $10; bitches the 

 same. Irish wairr niuiiel^. .-H) and ^r.. Cocker spaniels, 

 §10 and iJS. Fidd f i.aniels, other ibau cockers, *10 and $5. 

 Foxlionnda, .*tO and ,-^5. Beaaies, SIO anil .-tin ; puppy un- 

 der 12 months, dog or bitch, .iiO. Dachshuiide, .*10 and .f5. 

 Fox terrier doas, --^lO and §5 ; bitches, fj-10 and $5 ; puppies, 

 flO. Grcvhormds, ^10. Scotch deer houiids, .f 10. Ma,stiff8, 



St Berna 

 BUephcnl" 



skye ten i 

 shire terr 

 gre3houii 

 second i 



wtoundlaiids, f>iberian or Ulin, roiigii-coated 

 onib-rrKiled sheplierds, bid! dogs, bnll terriers, 

 Migs, Scotch terriers, black and tans, York- 

 King diaries or Blenheim spaniels, Italian 

 d miscellaneous classes, .$10 to lirsl and $5 to 



The special prize list will be published next week. 

 Address all communications to Chas. Lincoln, Lock-box 

 303, Pittsburg, Pa^ 



PREVENTrNG DISTEMPER. 



EdiUir Fi/rp,it and Stream: 



In oiu; of my late letters to Fonnsx and Steeam I wrote of 

 M. Pastem-'s (of the French Veterinary College) discovery 

 of a means of vaccinating chicken cholera in connection with 

 ray ai-ticlc referring to the modifying and preventing of dis- 

 temper in dogs 1.1 V the same or a similar method. It may be 

 of interest to voiir readers, certainly to the scionlitic ones, to 

 learn of M. Pasteur's proceeding with the feathered race, as 

 Showing bow feasible it may lie in the case of the canine 

 malady. 



Tlic gentleman in question has finally disclosed lii.s famous 

 resull, so long awaited, and we copy from the Cincinnati Lnn- 

 raami 'JUrikWiii following: ''We have before us the text 

 of the publication presented simultuneou.sly to the Acadctuy 

 of Science and tlie Academy of Medicine" This revelatioii 

 consists in the atteiiuiition of tlie virus by simple contact with 

 the atmosphere. In i.-ifeci it isilic simple change of the mode of 

 cnlture of the parn.siie. whereby the stages of its development 

 :,]■<• elongated. In this way the virulence of the virus is pro- 

 - ,viiv dimiiushed milil, as tiic author says, ' wc obtain a 



il vaceiiial virus which does not lull, produces a benign 

 i'....riiL of the disease, and protects a.gainst a mortal malady.' 

 The author decbires fmilier : 'it is not to be lielieved that 

 these attenuations of the residts occur ^yilh fixedness and ma- 

 thematical regularity. In .some cxperimttits the virus con- 

 tinues to exhibit conVai - ■' ■ " '■ nian:, ' -r, after the lajjse of 

 fiveorsix mijnihs. 'Mi ■ Vi rence, however, 



becomes ajipareut on ..,, ii:.,,; i. , , . jiteu a high de- 

 gree of virulence ceases suddenly wuii Llie death of these mi- 

 crosoopic parasites. The death of the parasite is an habitual 

 and constant circumstance with the lapse of sufBcient time. 



"II is this necessity of ' tm<jioriealion,,' whicli M Pasteur 

 invokes in passing, "as the true cause of his silence to the 

 present time. 



' 'The attenuation of the virus is the capital fact. But what 

 is the real cause of the diminution of the vindenec? 



" The cultivation of the para.site requires as a necessity an 

 absence of air. This ptirasite is therefore one of those which 

 M. Pasteur has alrendv characterized as CF-rcMcti. It cannot 

 develop in the presence of Ihe air. Is it then the oxygen of 

 tjio air which reduces tlie intensity of its virulence? Does 

 llie para.site undergo such attenuation in the presence of oxy- 

 gen as to suffer modification in its elfeets? 



"Tliis hypotliesis was easdy verified by experimentation. 

 For it is true that in the experiments conducted by Pasteur, 

 witla all ills eliai a 'i rii'iii 'necisitan and delicacy, the virus 

 kept in beruirr' ' - ^ uibes losl none of its poisoning 

 power, while i. ■ a '" the air gradually lost it tdto- 



f ether. ' The iji.,.,yl^Li ,. a study thus resolves itself,' said M. 

 'asteur. 'It is iiie oxygen of the air which enfeebles and 

 destrovs the virus.' 



"And further he adds: 



" 'We liave here probably morethan one isolated fact. We 

 have come into po.ssession of a principle. We may liope that 

 the inliercut action of oxygen, a natm-al loree preseni eveiy- 

 where, niav show the same emdency with regard to the vims 

 of other diseases. The widest generalization should be made 

 at once of this metliod of enteebling the virulence. It de- 

 rives its virtue from the cosimc order of ttungs, so to speak. 

 May we not, indeed, at:tribute to this fact the limitation of 

 epidemics in oiu- times and in tlie past ?' 



"This modificalion induced in vu-ns by the action of tlie ut- 

 niQsphere has been lontf Itnown and appreeiated. We have, 

 for so long a time as we haw: had it, pniiected vaceme virus 

 from the air in every way. Exposure to the air de.slri:iys it. 

 We keep from I he air by wrapping it in lead foil, or we seal 

 it hermetically in glass tubes by the aid of the flame of a 



lamp." . ,, ,, , ,. 



In the first article we read referring to M. Pasteur s discov- 

 ery it likewise stated that vaccination was resorted to in 

 France for distemper in dogs, bul ]iraiiculars were not given. 



We believe, however, that bcfi 

 already, as etiicacious as- thi 

 lient for smallpox ; but we 

 ter is the true vims. SS'r a: 

 does riot'the discharge indiste 



a^ it wll be, if it 'is not 



I the human pa^ 



j:it vaccine mat 



our last, but- 



:. parasite ?' Can 



nny one of your readers inform us';' Lut us microscopically 

 mine, and if it is found to be so we have the starting 



pOJUt. 



UOMO. 



WHAT IS A COCliERf 



Am* Akbok, Dec. 13. 

 Editor Fcrent find Stream : 



I hare canva.ssed the various views presented in late issues 

 of your valuable and " high-toned " paper touching tbe stan- 

 dard of the modern corker, and wbilc I appreciate tbe one 

 great object that seems to animaU:: all Ihese writings, I see in 

 some of them a decided leaning rather to (heir own strain of 

 dogs than to the fixing of a universal standard that sliaUgov- 

 ern all classes. I know it will he foimd aditbeiill, ])ossibiy a 

 thankless, task to adjust the various opinions tis to tbeweigbt, 

 size and the manifold points that are to make up correct judg- 

 ment in preparing this standard. Therefore men of matm-e 

 judgment, men who have spent many years of their lives in 

 studying the natm-e, habits and physical proportions of this 

 bright, beautiful dog, men who can see by that knowledge, 

 gained by long and familiar experience %vith'the cocker, what 

 is required to form this standard in order to bring him up to 

 the perfection demanded, .should be put on this committee. 

 The more 1 hear from those interested in this snliject, Itoth 

 through your paper and from private correspondence, the 

 tiiore I am convinced that we wiU have either an excellent 

 and judicious criterion from which to judge the modern 

 cocker, or we shall have an abortive method which will be 

 erroneous, impracticable and unsatisfactory to all save those, 

 perhaps, who are especially and particularl'y interestetl. Now 

 let me say here that 1 ask no preferment in this matter, nor 

 will I have anything more to do with it than to open the way 

 to see thtit the right men are placed on this committee. I 

 have no axe to grind, and I hope what I may say will be con- 

 strued as moaning only a deep and abiding interest in the 

 cocker; to lift liiin out of the slough of uncertainty and 

 doubt into an honorable and creditable position where he 

 shall stand among dogs the peer of the best and inferior to 

 none. That he possesses the liighest and best traits of canine 

 qnalit.r, both .Cor Ihe field and the house, there is no one who 

 knows this intelligent and lieautiful dog will deny, and they 

 who know him best through long yeai-s of familiarity and ed- 

 ucational receptivity wiH be the proper ones to stand in judg- 

 ment and to fix his standard. I feci that great credit is due 

 to " Leam" for bringing this matter prominently before the 

 friends of the cocker, but I cannot agree -with him when he 

 puts into nomination as the standard-liearer of this important 

 principle one so young and of Bo little real knowledge of the 

 cocker, when tbero are so many prominent men and excel- 

 lent judges whose names have never been mentioned, nay, 

 have been entirely ignored. I am not opposed to Mr.Ma'c- 

 dougall personally, but only as a representative of a 

 principle which many others understand better than he. 

 I think 1 luiijw the tone and temper of the best cooker 

 breeders in this country, with whom I htive had some cor- 

 respondence on this very question of a standard. I know 

 that if this suggestion of' "Leam's" nomination is insisted 

 upon, the whole tifFair will terminate in a grand fizzle, ajid 

 we will be further from the end than before. I think yon, 

 ]\fr. Editor, as the representative of the oldest sporting paper 

 now published, should take tlie initiative, and either adopt 

 my views, which are broad and liberal, or suggest some other 

 which will appeal to the good sense and judgment of those 

 who have knig been interested in the breeding and culture of 

 tlie cocker. If as some authors claim that the cocker is "a 

 mougi-el" or a "made breed," then certainly is it a difficult 

 and important task to place him just where he belongs, 

 which will require tdl the al.]servation, tact and judgment 

 possessed by tliose whom long years have made competent 

 to undertake the work. Now, Mr. Editor, I hope we shall 

 hear from you, and that you will take such interest in the 

 preparation of a standard for the coclver that has heretofore 

 actuated you in doing the very best for the true sjiortsman. 

 The cocker will cut no unimportant figme in bench shows 

 hereafter if justice and right is done him, hut if these are 

 made subservient to private intrigue or individual advance- 

 ment, it is far better to let the matter rest where it is than to 

 engender animosity and create a fictitious standard that will 

 degrade this briglil and beautiful dog to the vilest 



"Mongrel cur of sniaU degree." 

 We want no "club" such as has been talked about; we want 

 no "prize of $50;" we want no "bench show " judgment as 

 at present recognized ; in fact, we want nothing to do with 

 "fixing up a cocker" that "comes nearest to our present 

 standard," untd there is a just and sound standard to judge 

 him by. Who that has read about the judgment of tlie 

 cocker in our "bench shows" already had, who that has seen 

 the impotent and lame decisions that have caused the blush 

 of shame to mantle the cheek of him who knows the cocker, 

 will acquiesce in these recommendations, so devoid of good 

 judgment, so recreant to the knowledge of what truly be- 

 longs to this grand little dog. While we have such breeders 

 and lovers of the cockers as JIcKeon, Whitman, Cummin gs, 

 Pitcher, Allen, Hoe, and others too many to individualize, I 

 trust his good qualities will lie appreciated and the genius of 

 his dogshrp will be kei)t spotless and imtarnished from the 

 machinations of schemers and selfish propa.gandisms. Let us 

 liave men, not hoys, to fix the status of the modern cocker ; 

 then let us aU do whatever lies ui our power to cultivate and 

 bring these field and house pets up to a commendable stand- 

 ard. Let us all, who are true friends of the cocker, work 

 right up to the standard that shall embrace the good of the 

 breed, its future usefulness, strength and beauty, place him 

 where he belongs in the strain that shall elevate him to a 

 higher destiny and prove him not to be the lea.st valuable ac- 

 quisition to the true sportsman. I will assist with money 

 and influence to erect suela a standard if you will give the 

 cause publicity and help us on to the acquisition of a better 

 status than has heretofore governed the cocker. I believe 

 the largest breeders, from obvious causes, are, as a rule, most 

 worthy to be appointed on this commiltee. Now is the ac- 

 cepted time, and let all true friends of the cocker strike 

 while the iron is hot and can be molded into a perfect and 

 just instrtunent for the preparation of a cocker standard. 



Senbx. 



attain the desired end. First I 'will state the objects of the 

 club, wiiich are as follows : 



The framing of a standard for the judging of cockers and 

 spaniels. 



The offering of extra premiums at bencli shows at which 

 suitable classes are given, and where the show authorities 

 will select competent judges from a list comjiiled by the club. 



In England several clubs exist, such as the ^Alastitf, Bull- 

 dog, Fox Terrier, Irish Terrier, and Dandie Dinniont Terrier, 

 antl the .good they have done in advancing the breeds to 

 which they are devoted is incalculable. Such being the case, 

 wo can hardly do better than accept them as a guide for us 

 in forming our club. A gentleman of this city, who was one 

 of the originators of the Lisli Terrier Club, has given me the 

 following information as to how that was formed and what 

 the club did -. 



Acircular letter was sent toevery person known to be inter- 

 ested in the breed, and freun the list of tliose who expressed 

 a willingness to accept a dozen ^vas struck oil as a couimitteQ 

 of management, and sent around for the vote of the members. 

 My informant stiys that such a large committee was found to 

 work .slowly andnmch delay business, and that one of seven 

 would e.spedile matters materially. The wliole management 

 of the club and the election of new members falls to the lot 

 of this committee. Havin.g thus formed their club, the Irish 

 Terrier committee men waited upon the English Kennel Club 

 committee, and expressed their willingness to give additional 

 prize money, together Avith medBls,"provided the Kennel 

 Club would "select from a list of half a dozen names one gen- 

 tleman to act as special judge of the breed. This the Kennel 

 Club readily undertook' to do, as thereby they were assured 

 of a better premium list, and also of the suppo"rt of the prom- 

 inent breeders as exhibitors. The same course ha-s been 

 adopted ever since, and by the inistrumentality of the Irish 

 Terrier Club committee classes are given at many shows 

 where none were provided before, and the breed has now be- 

 come one of the most popular in the estimation of those who 

 like a game terrier. An annual meeting of members is liold 

 once a year, when the new committee is elected to act tor tho 

 year then ensuing. 



It is just such a club as that that we require here to do 

 away with the present very much diversified types of field 

 spaniels and cockers as seen at our bench shows, and get 

 some harmony in our exhibits by knowing what we must all 

 recognize as tlic standard. It is not iiiy province to advance 

 any views as to the standard. That remains for the commit- 

 tee to do. All I am desirous of doing is the procuring of 

 your name to put on the list of members. The annual dues 

 will be either S3 or $3, as determined by the committee, and 

 as an entrance fee will likely be required from those who 

 join after the organization of the club, it will he an advan- 

 tage for you to give me a favorable answer at your early con- 

 venience, besides that I want to get things in rumiing order 

 as soon as possible. Yours respectful Ij"-, 



Geo. D. MAonou&Atyi,. "i 



The CooKBi! Ci-irn. — We should he pleased to comply with 

 the suggestion of " Seuex " and those who have seconded hhs 

 request that the Fouest and Stbeam shotdd send out circu- 

 lars to the cocker breeders had that request not come to us 

 after we had aheady received and published Mr. Macdongall's 

 assent to "Leam's" nomination of that gentleman as Secre- 

 tary pro tern. To so interfere would he ungracious, and indeed 

 we believe that the opposition to "Leam's" nomination has 

 arisen from a rai.sapprehensionof just what our correspondent 

 really meant. To put cocker breeders into communication 

 with each other it is necessary that some one individual shall 

 do the clerical work. Mr. Macdougall has expressed his t.oI- 

 lingness to perform that labor, and offers to iu;:t as a tempo- 

 rary secretary until those who are interested shtill by their 

 ballots appoint the secretary and committee of the proposed 

 club. The cocker breeders who join the club have it entirely 

 within their power to elect whom they please. The Forest 

 AND Stream hopes to see a large enrollment in the proposed 

 club and a competent secretary put hito office by the ballots 

 of the members. The whole direction of the club must be in 

 the control of a majority of its members. Lot that majority 

 decide by their votes. 



TnE CocKEB Clttb— 1,182 Ghestnut Stmt, EUsnhHh, N. 

 J., Dcc^^nbiT 14. — Dear Sir : As you have doubtless seen in 

 the columns of Foeest aivd Strea-M; the proposal to establish 

 ub in the interest of cocker breeders ami exbibiti.irs, and 

 the request that I should act as Secretary pn'; km., to which 

 1 have acceded, I tal^e pleasure in laying before you the gen- 

 eral outline of what is proposed to be done. Yon will readily 

 understand that these ideas are by no means fixed, and it is 

 the province of gentlemen wlio may join the club to ijai!;e 

 any proposition they may desire to have placed before the 

 associate members. I send you the views which hive been 

 preseiited |o me and have been talked over by iii\si'll aud j 

 friends in this neighl>orhood u ■ oing |hn/,a most applicable to I 



Fbesoh Truffle Hrsiii^G.— The following extracts, 

 taken from a letter recently printed in the Times, are of in- 

 terest to dog lovers. The gathering of truflies gives bread to 

 a considerable portion of the peasantrj- in the neighborhood 

 of Bordeaux, and the account of how the dainty is found is 

 an attractive one. The extract is a.s follows: 



The groimd is red, a trifle stony, and not over productive. 

 The good peasant has to toil anil moil, and then gets but a 

 poor return. He carefully select* the richest sp'c.its, those 

 that are warmed liy the sun, and then he plants liis crop. It 

 used to be a notable vine country, and people mtide a good 

 living with their wine crops; but alas 1 tbe terrible phyllox- 

 era came and destroyed the grape, and things were going, at 

 lea.st with those who owned vineyards, from bad to worse. It 

 became then a necessity that many^ of the pea.sants who 

 worked in the vineyards should find some other pursuit. But 

 necessity is the mother of invention, and the peasants, who 

 had long known that Iruilles existed in their grounds, now set 

 about looking for them. 



A man alone cannot always find a truffle. In this country 

 the assistance of that animal, sometimes associated -with good 

 St. Anthony, is dispensed with. Perigord trudle-hmUers 

 still worship the pig as the great, discoverer of the crypto- 

 gram. The pig has a r.are nose, but he is a glutton. Think 

 only of the many lovely truffles these bnitai" and gluttonous 

 pigs have surreptitiously devoured '. There has been heard a. 

 crunch, then a grunt of satisfaction, tuid a glorious truffle, 

 which, had it been rescued from llie animal's jaws, T.\oulti 

 have graced the windows of the .great Clievet i'n the Palais 

 Royal and attracted all P:iris, has gone for ever, to simply^ 

 ple.ase the indiscriminaling appetite of a hog. Our peasant 

 here employs a dog, and the instinct of the animal and the 

 intelligence of the man are combined. 



The dog himself is no special breed. We call him ii (/rijf.,,,. 

 1 do not think he is of pure race. You would pass bim by 

 without a comment at your dOg shows. I know in New 

 York you have gone Crazy about dogs, aud would think it 

 /(-.■if irnij'>.-te to put your $1,000 setters or pointers at truffle- 

 hiuiliu;^, i.ut be ,L\e nv tliiiC ilthoush faniilliir with dog tea I 

 gun, I have a profound admiration fur the great skillthis poor 



