OnOBUBHR 30, 1880.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



433 



THE LEONBERG DOG IN NEWTOUNDLAOT). 



S' 



05TE ' 



,-„h,. 



of Lt-, 



hern-. W 



■ju puppk-a were Eelecaed 



ii temborg, Germany, the 



c'-s pnrpo^y uf ti-ying the 



1 ;">\rtlicr iijfusion 



weeks old 



: du 



iiatiu-itv, i 



!liiiie. grew 

 tlicir im- 



cily. The 

 I he Count 



(■,■:]■, V.'lifcU 



tionol 



most favorable ci 

 by Count Esse.ir, 



breeder nf the iinw rtt'vo, i ir Ui-- ix 

 effect ^iT ■■.-,,;,, , • , 

 <jf N.- • 

 when I 



lip iulij .^.„.f,.i;L...._,j, ,„,.,..u,^,. ,,.. 

 men SB size, ijeauly ol ioriii gtuti 

 Lepiiberg dog ia slow in comiiig h 

 did uot wieli them to breed ui.i 

 they are full grown. Uafortip. 

 dose of strychnine wllich hi 

 Count Essex, when he henrd - 

 by a still finrr . . ' i ., 

 niishiipa relnrii 

 now fairi}- t.si , 



atjout a dcrzuii y ...^ ,;,.i,..._ __: 

 ed. Sri'.iic (.r [he- y. muik are ,l!,i-'jwj 

 all are ihe re?iilt iif 

 foundiand dots, .'un; 

 provement ou liis n 

 foundiand Ijlcjud impr.iviiiL' tii 

 of the ol3'spi-iTi;/. 't'li,, ciim; 

 breed, and ibp - i: '■- '■ I'm- y- 

 value. A li'J r - 



female doars (>■■ :^ ; 

 time, though ui ; r\\ - : i ■ • 

 ture, twentv-tiuiii im'iu-s iii^ 

 length, wci^i^hs 107 Hi?, and is 

 gent. Slie is l.iy i'nr the baud: 

 owner says he would not part 

 pecHier proeeny will be verj 

 of the younger dogs, now well grown, lately 

 him. The puppies arc eaeerlr sought ufter, and wliei 

 weeks old sell tor .$30 to ""$30. The price is rising as tlieir 

 value is recognized. Arrangements are made to have a good 

 number of litters during the next iwo years oi the pare 

 Leonberg breed in order to Ivoep up llie purity of the stoclv 

 and to compare the reanlt with tlie crossing aijore referred to. 

 It may Ije well to stale that liie Leonberg dog was reared 

 since 1846 1)V Comit Esseir, an<l (hut it was the i-esult of a 

 successful crossing ot the"Newfo\mdlaud with the doit of St. 

 Bernard Mount, which latter he has improved by the ,g; 



n.ss between t 

 '■■ progeny nppi 

 iial stocli, the 



'■ iireed here, bui, it is 

 iy rapidly, as we hav-e 

 .'n to llu; tlu-ee Lmp&rt- 

 and liiT-eouig. So far 

 ": Leonliei-g and New- 

 .rs to be a'^deraded im- 

 lereased dash of Xow- 

 arauee and goodqualilies 



nllv 



the 

 • of great 

 of the 

 I'lO first 

 ill! crea- 

 ,!' feet in 

 i; iutelli- 

 I .. ifer 



As a general rule we commence their education about the | sportsmen who Lave tried to raise and have broken dogs to 

 tenth month of the puppy's asre : but we sometimes see them ' suit them. If the araotmt of moary that has been paid out 

 youns-erlh.an this workii''' '"ock !il:e old etagers. T have one i in thi.'? wny were Icnown it would astonish many sportsmen 

 in my eye now that at ti i . i' >! I would go to the pas- I who think if they are asked $150 for a well broken dog, that 

 lure field, containiDi: al. i , , u 1 1 . . clrlvc' out the cows the owner desires to roh them. But for one, my doge will 

 „jd bring them home, a d]::i am r jf ::\-er one mile. At six I be selected from seeing them at work in the field in the 

 months old she was worlcing sheep and obeying every sign future ; I then have had no troulile in raising, have lost none 

 and motion of her master. I by death, and have not paid out money enough for each to 



The first thing I do is to make the dog love me. I treat buy three dogs, still having not a good one to hunt over. 



,U[ierior. 



Tin 



■efuSLd : 



wolf dog from the l^y 

 originated. Tlie Lcoiiljergs ai 

 dogs who unite sagacity will 

 carried off the highest prizes 

 world. They are not subjec 

 yet occurreti among then!. 

 ifrom 30 to 40 inches, and wi 

 Their colors are while, with 

 tlio latter having oft' 

 much sourfiit after 1j\- 

 forawelltrained Li" 



here tlie first .Kernaidine^ dog 

 he largest race of lonu-^bnired 

 i/,e and lieantv. They have 

 the Ifiiding dog shows of the 



- 1) caw. liaving 

 ■achalieighl of 



i;.- over 100 lbs. 



> r. .:i.i..i,T.: i.oJf ;iray or black 



blc or sijlitnose.* Tlicy arc 



uoliility and gentry of Europe, and 



" xm to xfOO sterling have 



him Viudly, never kick nor strike him and never deceiveliim. 

 I talk to him and net him unlil he knows evei-\- uoid I sa.y. 

 There is a great deal, 1 assure you, in tld-^^ ■■ loveuie." When 

 he loves me and understands mo I lal^e hiiu into a room and 

 theretcach him to follow close to heel, to stop at a whi.stle, to 

 lie down when told, to go forward by motion of hand and to 

 either right or left. I always stop my dogs with a whistle, 

 to attract their attention before giving au order by moulh or 

 hand. 



When I consider my youngster house-broken, that is, wben 

 he obeys my motions and whistle, I take him with sheep — 

 confined in a lane— and allow him to drive them with me, and 

 by motions I keep him moving from one side of the lane to 

 the other — when we arc at the end of the lane I say "Around 

 them" motioning the way up llie side and go with him and 

 show him. When round them 1 fito|i him with a whistle, 

 make him lie down, and leave him; I then go in front of the 

 .slieep and tell him, "Bring them along." If he comes loo 

 close to the sheep, I stop hi'm with a whistle, and say "Keep 

 wider" — or "Slower." These Icsbohs I repeat until I con- 

 sider him nearly perfect in driving up and dowii the lane I 

 thon commence to leach him to go from where I stand at one 

 end of the lane to the otiier and bring the sheep to me, this 

 I do by motioning the way and saying "Faraway:" and if 

 he does not go 1 go with him and sliow him what to do. 

 When behind the sheep I make him lie down, and I go to the 

 .spot where I first gave the order and from there whistle him 

 to bring them along. When he does this work to my satisfao- 

 lion I llion allow him to the fields to drive the .sheeii from 

 pasture, and here I repeal all my former lessons io hiiu : I 

 leach him to jump back and forth over a fence, .ind to bark 

 when told, but never to bite; and 'when lie attempts to use 

 his teetli I punisli him. Now as to puni.shment, as I said at 

 first, I never kick nor slriice — I catch the collie around his 

 nose and give him a shake or light tap on the car with my 

 hand, a cross word will cower liim at once. 



There is one thing I never like to do, that is to commeuce 

 working my puppy on cat lie. As a general ride it. will not. do, 

 as the dog become'a too severe and it gives trouble to, after- 

 ward break huu of this habit. I commence fir.st on sheep, 

 and when he will work them carefully I can then allow him 

 to drive other stock. 



Now one other point and I am through. The old adage, 

 "too many cooks spoil the broth," applies to Master Coliie. 

 If you wish your dog thoroughly trained, only one must 

 work him. and lliat one I insisf niust be patient and leach 

 liim quietly and gently. If}'0uwi3h him spoiled and made 

 worthless allow the whole family to work him and you will 

 succeed in this admirably. Cou-ie. 



been given. The Prince of Wales jio.ssesses one. of them, 

 which he is said to pri/.e highly, and another fs a favorite 

 with iheEmpresBof .Auslria. They are prizedfor iheir beau- 

 ty, intelligence, strengih and faithfulne.sa. Them greatest 

 virtue is their love of children. 

 Since Ibr foregoine: w;is wTilteu I have learned that Diana 



Tlie reason il is so hard to find really good field dogs is 

 that many sportsmen are not willing to pay Ihe price it costs 

 to produce a really well broken dog, consequently breeders 

 will not produce them. One who has not had practical ex- 

 perience in breeding and trainin.g has but a little idea of how 

 many young dogs" prove almost worthless as field dogs. 

 Neither have they an idea ot the time, trouble and expense 

 one is at to breed and break them, nor how many die under 

 the age of one ye.ar. 



Let them wejl consider this subject, and for Ihe future my 

 idea is tiiat less dogs will be bred, sporLsmen-will buy of .some 

 reliulile breaker who has iilenty of game in the section where 

 be resides to enable him to turn out annually three or four 

 flrst-elass doga. Some fireakcrs take twelve or more to train. 

 I will venture the opinion that such seldom turn out a perfect 

 dog. Six is as many as any one man should handle. Even 

 with that number, until he has worked them two seasons, ha 

 can hardly call them perfect. Sr-oKTS-iiAN. 



WHAT IS A COCKER? 



has ]n 



are pi' 

 that ( 

 all. I . 



prcserviii'^, i :■ : 

 have multii'::- . i • •..• -. 

 here an cxei-.'iiM.Li;, v.i.im.i.. .,!■ 

 sede the miseraliie niougrci uai 

 land dog has here degenerated. 

 8t, Jvhn\% Newfiriindliind. 



which six 



■ ■ :■ "i'-:' i,r six, SO 



I , -seven in 



. ■ '.iiservedin 



-I:, . : .race will 



. ' M ,!.■ ,..=tal:.lish 



:,-, .,-:„. o,vi;l super- 



nicU Uie ISewfoimd- 



JM. HutEVET. 



HOW TO TRAIN COLLIES. 



DEOEirBEK 20. 



Tials of the day 1 fre- 

 >i I'dueating and train- 



: ir'Tir-rallv. l^it cannot 



In r: -ii:iL , M ,1111 >us sporting jou 

 queull; ■■ ...: . i - ,;;ion the sulijeet 

 iugset'tci:., i.oi.iJcis and spnrtiie; rlo;.: 

 remember ever s^eiug anytliii i.; i ■ i' " : 

 ilig of my favorite (Im^-, Ihelr iii;'i.,-;i',i:-! p-i Ip^ip-r i •> ,^,:,)i,'h 

 collie, who, in his sphere, is a'-: ui^i'inl ^-^d ^ahiulnr as any 

 member of the canine race. And noNv, since ihe success of 

 the collie trials held under the auspices of the Pennsylvania 

 State Agricultural Society, at Philadelphia, in the latter part 

 of September, and as it is more Hum likely that ihey will be 

 repeated another year, and thai other agricultural societies 

 will follow suit and inaugurate them as one of the attractions 

 of their shows, I think it Will not bo amiss to .give you my 

 ideas in regard to tlu-ir ruucation amd training. 



I have owned col lii!S all my life— good, usefid and well- 

 trained dogs— :irid in rny v,-alks and drives Ihcy are my con- 



THE SCARCITY OF REALLY GOOD HUNTING DOGS. 



TO the causal observer, who reads in the weekly edition 

 of your valuable paper the record of breeding, berths 

 and deatlis of the canine family, it looks as if the' cotmtry 

 would soon be overnm with fine bred dogs. This mania for 

 breeding has been going on foryears ; still, to secure a really 

 fine field dog is no eas.y task," even (liough what woidd be 

 considered by some an ej,travag;mt prire is offered. To 

 others besides myself ihese questions mav have presented 

 themselves. What becomes of the thou.s'ands lired? Why 

 is it so hard to get a really first-class field dot^ '! Yl" answer 

 to the first is that of thV, thousands bred bnl few arrive at 

 maturity. The ills to which the canine race are suiijeet are 

 legion ; the close in-breeding wliieli is being praclieed 

 naturally impairs the physical stamina of those "ijred; they 

 easily succumb to nearly any ordinary disease. Those that live 

 have not, in my estimation, justified the great praise that has 

 been bestowed upon the imported breeds as field dog. To be 

 sure now and then an extra fine one is brought out at a field 

 trial, but these cases are the exception rather than the rule. 

 By many Gladstone has been looked upon as the best setter 

 in America. The sporting papers have been full of his 

 praise, while Joe, Jr., who is a cross on native stock, has 

 beat him at all trials, bnl is seldom mentioned. The reason 

 may be that one is a Llewellin, the other not. To produce a 

 really th-st-elass field dog does not in my estimation depend 

 so much on whether he is a Llewellin, Laverack or cross of 

 either or native stock ; for whatever breed, I believe the sire 

 and dam must be from strong, healthy stock, with intelligence 

 and unsurpassed hunting qualities. 



Some consider speed the great requi 

 Eider a fine nose far superior to c\eei 

 Give me fair speed with fine iio^-. 

 speed and poor nose ; the former v 

 give more pleasure in a day's shorn' 

 the standard for speed has," by the tr i 

 high that what any sportsman would i 

 dog to .get game over stands lint littL 

 sequenily breeders have been trying to produeu as fast 

 as possible, ignoring some of the qnalilies which, to a 

 sportsman, are tif more val 



lelp; 



stanl e .;i| iiLiii' ;i-. blaster Collie is a mischievous and fim- 

 loviii:;- -■ . ,-n \vl 1 en well Inaiued this love ot mischief 



will shi, . ,1 . :: i'iiere ir now curled up at iii_v feet one of 

 the hauosriii -■^- ' vir-riea. Siie luis been .shown at 



several beiiC' - jUv.ivk iieen placed, and besides 



is a first-rari . She is always under my buggy 



when I am d"- I .,, ' ,11 " sometiiues X allow two ot lairs 

 to foUow for a frolic and exercise. Now, liere the "except " 

 comes in. If b}"^ chance this crew spy a cur on the road the 

 mother collie wUl be off like a shot; out she goes from under 

 the buggy, passing lietween the trout wheels and horse, 

 throws her heatl liaet: and gives a sharp, ciuiclc bark or two, 

 as much as to say, " Cnnie on, Ptmoli and Judy ; here's fun 

 for us," and away they all go like a thunderbolt, unlil the cm- 

 is overhauled and tumbled about in the dust. Well, it's iill 

 over in a jUTy and they come trotting back, I suppose laugh- 

 ing to themselves. I point my finger at her and say, "Aren't 

 you ashamed of yourself!" Her head goes down, tail be- 

 tween her legs, slio smacl<s her chops, whines, "Yes, but it 

 was so much fun I could not resist the temptation ; I'll not 

 do so again — until next time," and next time the same thing 

 ia repeated. 



For the first six monflis or so the puppy is allowed to do 

 pretty much as he pleases, so long as he keeps his long nose 

 out o'f the eabbage-pol, doesii't suck tlie eggs or woiTy the 

 pets, for Jlastei Collie is a busy-body and ia nearly always in 



some kind ot deviltry ; but even at an earlier age than this I deavor 10 thoroughl.^ break hira, which will 

 ;he collio may sometimes bo seen gathering the diickena in a You have already paid out, if ismc ind \rrt•■^h\ 



ToEOKTO, Dec. 13. 



In AYE been much surprised and not a little amused in 

 observing the gravity with which your correspondents 

 in some instances enthn.slastically dr.aw upon tli( ir .tprrial 

 fancies for the points of a dog, and then offer the reso.li as a 

 standard of the cocker; and in others, seriously suggest the 

 formation of a cocker club to determine the standard of an 

 animal which existed in its purity before many of themselves 

 were born. 



Why sir. I might with equal justice enter into a discussion 

 with the object of ascertaining -ivliat constitutes a cow. The 

 question of a cocker has long been quite as definitely .settled, 

 and I am surprised at Mr. G. McDougall (who, I am aware, 

 has had opportunities of knowing Eomething of this lirecd) 

 raising a doubt on the subject. He knows as well as I do 

 that the modern cocker ispnrely an English cross, bred for cer- 

 tain purposes, by those who expended'much time and money 

 in effecting their object. 



The result of their efforts, now of many years standing, is 

 the modern cocker pm'e and simple, and the description of 

 this animal, as afforded by the best English authorities in 

 print, leaves no room for doubt as to what it ought to be. 

 There is no need of my setting forth the points of the cocker 

 here save the one question of wei.ght, to which I may allude, 

 because it does not appear to be definitely settled by the 

 present authorities, simply, I presume, because that is as 

 variable m proportion as the weight of a human being. How- 

 ever, from the comparisons made with other breeds, and the 

 accurate description and measurements ,given, there can be 

 no doubt that a fair limit of extremes is twenty to thirty 

 pounds, and that witlidut any depreciation in point of weight 

 against either the larger or the smaller animal, other points 

 being equal. 



Of your correspondents, Mr. Kirk comes nearest the mark, 

 but he also resorts to his own iiecidiarfancies to supply some 

 of the points, and in each case falls into error. Ije'catise he 

 totally ignores the real existing standard, notaljly in his 

 ideas as to head, color and action. 



Why then should there be any doubt ? England, for many 

 reasons, has long been the nursery of the finest breeds of dogs 

 in Ihe world, and, adopting one of these for our own use 

 why should we depart from the standard laid down by English 

 breeders? In saying this I do not desire to depreciate in the 

 slightest the dogs of America, or the efforts of American 

 breeders, who have ot late been eflectirg such nobie results. 

 But wly .should we endeavor to raise doubts where no room 

 for them exists ? 



Create a beautiful strain of spaniel if you like, but give it 

 a distinctive name apart from the cocker as we now compre- 

 hend it, and then argue on its points and merit.? if you will, 

 and 1 h,ave no doubt that the result will be in a few years 

 the perfection of a strain superior to but distinctive f roin that 

 now existing as the modem cocker. 



A committee of three, so impetuouslv proiiosed by Senex 

 and others, would, however, h.irdly effect lliat olij'ect if it 

 happened to be composed of Messr.s. jMcDcmgall, liavis and 

 Kirk, each of whom, I think, differ miiterially in their ideas 

 as to the points of the cockers now, and I should therefore 

 await the result of their deliberations with no slight dearce of 

 interest. Cavk C'.4nem. 



others con- 



of the two. 



f excessive 

 iurds and 

 I or. But 

 jeen set so 



T first-class 



irdent 



JUDGES AND RULES. 



Editor Forest and Strtam : 



I should like to say, through yova- columns, a few words. 

 First, I cannot agree with you in the solace you offer Die late 



disappointed competitors in the field tiials held on Robin's 

 Island.. You aay that "every one who enlered a dog knew 

 fore the running who the judges were." This in tiie main 



Ha\dng produced the 

 tine field docs sliall he 

 toward prod';< ii' j ' '• 

 whelps — til'.' '-'•■'. 

 an age fit In O-.rn 1 , 

 is considerable. Pi' 

 usually we ere ap( 

 prove good. But if 1 

 I am satisfied, as I-13- 1 : 

 you will, all are not 

 80, out of a litter r : 

 to put in the hands r- 1 

 has all llie uecessarv e 

 undoubtedly bei 



from which il is intend.:d 

 but a drop ia the bucket 



i ■ ■ i'hc raising of these 



-": re they arrive at 



r "irrii field qualities — 



i' "t the setter's die; if so, 



l.esl if Ihe oiliersdonot 



- luakereallvfirsl-cUss doses 



fen 



the names, rc-'ridej 

 exception and point 1 r 



comer of the lot and manoeuvring them as his ma does the | over $50, and 1 

 sheep. I nr.ivv ' 



ey have 

 they have now gone into the 

 hands of a rebablo brealicr, with tiie fond hope "that ere long 

 they -will lie retiinied so perfectly trained that they may ife 

 your sliooling companions for years. Alas! how often are 

 om- fondest hopes lilasted. A letter comes saying, "Sam is a 

 slashing goer. Head up and tail down; quarters lii-s ground 

 beautifully, but does not seem to have a giiodiiost). For what ( lui evenmi.xture of 

 has alread'y been taught please aenrl ^25 : anil say *-ba11 1 r"- n;eneral nveracre w 



I 



was true regardii 

 reputations, but the 



deem of vital importance are their qucslional.lc ku 

 the manner of shooting over dogs as iiraelioiji! in 

 localities, the style and training of a dir.' : . ;' 

 shootin.g, and their bias as rc.gards strain, ■. 1 

 pace, and all that go to make up the ' |i-. / 

 to fit their ideal, tomeet their fan .i 

 eoi dance with their judgment as 

 tutored and formed to rt^cognize ii . 

 present. If not. and if thev oveiiour 

 inrportaiiee, Ihev either had mihoun 

 do-s or tnok most desperate chances 

 est.^ and performances o! the dogs in trusiin-- tin 

 mercies of an imknown tribunal ; and if 1' 

 were disappointed I can only s.ay that ilni 

 defeat in .accordance with the circiiiustano. 

 pable negligence and blanie in silence, wbrr,. 

 own reeklessn.<?ss and thoughtlessness. Experie; 

 bought should prove a lesson never to he fort-oi 

 to sHow the ■ 



vspaper 

 whioh I 

 edge of 



lac- 



lave been 



up to tha 



I me--!. Vila! points of 



d eonlidcnce in their 



I hazarding the inter- 



'■Ni,,f loihe 



iOld 



•%•■ -onn' 



. -t Jb-<1-. ijiBM u g i» . au.ut la* 



■, I 1 iheir 



SO dearly 



antl goes 



' ■••■:,! 'iin- ridea .and 



! ::. 1 hat the 



' aiidmuu- 



. ' loealitie.s. 



' South Side " that L 



ind Iw luKl 



... HjhttSVBeiiliUe fate uf many jad4 thai X cut my eye-teeth in s^wiiug umtlcrs over jusj 



