668 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
lias been deemed advisable to play odds against them— 
tliut is, sides composed of either twenty-two or eighteen 
players, but the great stride cricket has taken this season, 
and the proficiency with which a large number of our 
countrymen now handle the hat and ball, led the 
“ Dt’SRnn Slayers” to play on even terms. 
at 11.30 the St. Georges, having won the toss, wisely 
decided upon taking the field, and W.Hone, ir., and Nat. 
It one (captain) commenced operations for Ireland on one 
of Giles’best wickets. Soutter (fast round) started the 
bowling from the upper end. A brace of threes was the 
crop of the. lirst over. Sprague (fast underhand) followed 
from the club-house end, and in his third over N. Hone 
drew him beautifully to si mare leg for 2. After fourteen 
overshad been put down. Moeran (medium round) went 
on at Soutter's end. the seore being27. When the tele¬ 
graph showed S3, N. Hone was finely caught at lemg- 
tield-ou by Giles, oil tho new bowler. "His innings of 23 
was marked by fine cutting. Sir George Coltliurst took 
his place, but in Sprague's fifteenth over. W. Hone, jr., 
was bowled bytiim. 4f—2—9. I). Trotter, "the swell bat," 
followed. In Moernu's next, Sir George gave way to a 
beauty from him, 51—3—11. BroughmunTthe next bats¬ 
man, began at once a lively innings, and after Sprague 
bad got Trotter for 5, and Munn, b is successsor, for 2, a 
change was deemed advisable, and Giles was grafted in 
his place, W. Hone, who for years has been considered 
one of Ireland's best players, joined Brougham, and the 
first stand in thcganie took place. Both soon got wanned 
up, and when at last Brougham got stumped by Cross, the 
score stood, 10.3—0—33. His iihiiugwas free and dash¬ 
ing. He had completely collared Giles, putting him for 
two sixes over the fence, into the heart of New Jersey. 
Casey, the seventh man, was run out, the result of a tip- 
and-run game, lie and W. Hone had been playing for 
several overs, 112—7—1. Bout,ter and Sprague went on to 
bowl again, aud Geffrey Hone and his cousin effected tin- 
other stand. At 140 Frazer (slow round) took Sprague's 
place, and at 153 Bailee (lobs) followed him. These 
changes were very expensive, and not until the tins 
showed 172 was tile elder Hone caught by Soutter at mid- 
on, His innings of 52 was, with but one chance, a rare 
exhibition of conscientious cricket. Hamilton made 11. 
captured by the underhand bowler, and Exham made his 
exit for 1, not-out, the innings closing for 134. 
At 4.19 the home club began their venture against 
Hamilton (very fast round) and Exliiun (medium round). 
Little can be said for the New Yorkers, Moore alone 
showing any form, the side being out for the absurd total 
of 25. The St.. Georges were consequently obliged to fol¬ 
low their innings, and when time was called at (i F. M. 
had lost three wickets for 23, Moore, the Staten Islander, 
again getting a score of 14. 
The game was resumed at 12 on the following day. with 
Cross and Soutter, the two “ not outs,” at the bat, against 
the. bowling of Exliam and Munn, the latter having ex¬ 
changed with Hamilton. The performances of the New 
Yorkers was simply wretched, and their innings closed 
(or 35, leaving the Irish, team the easy -winners by one in- 
ings and 114 runs. 
The game was umpired by Bylott for the Gentlemen 
of Ireland, and by George M. Newhall, of .Philadelphia, 
for the St. Georges. 
The score tells the story :— 
V ITone. .ir., I< Sprits' 1 ®. 
N\ Hou®, e Oiks, b Mnornn. 
Sir George Golthurst, b Moernn. 
Trotter,b SpWBUC. .... . 
■Brougham, at Crops, li Giles. 
Nunn t> Siiraguo. • . 
W Hone,e Soutter,b J3nnuc... 
i run <u". .. 
G. HOlte, 1 v> vr. b.mooran . 
Hamilton. li SpiiMtuo. 
Kxbnm, not out.... .. 
Byes l; lug byu*. «; whies, .i . 
Total-. 
sr. (itsoaoE’s. 
Second Inning*. 
■Casey, b Exhfun ....... 
Ft rut JuntwiH- 
Moore! c Hamilton, b Exiuim.lS bHanilltmi... ... 
Giles, V> Hamilton . 0 c 1 totter,IFExham 
Cross, lbv.b Hamilton. 0 cGBSey, bMimu. 
Qi'itiftiip h i(uniill■ in .. 0 li Exn.im. 
Moeran! c and li Kxhtttu. 1 e CoJ, 1 'J?ii,Ifi 1 ham 
HoXrd’b iSSSnmS::::® w d no^e!b E*'h«nV 
Frater, c’Casey, b Exhum. 0 e G. Hone, b Exlmiu. 
Sprague, c Trotter, b Exbam. 2 not out...... , 
Hurcombo,not out.- 5 b - 
Byes, 2; log byes, 2; no balls, 2 0 Leg: <_s. 
Total. • ..35 Total. . 
analysis op the bowling, 
st oeobue's cum—First inning* 
Ovors. Maiden s- Ituns. Wickets. IFi<ta! 
Sjjrngn®.. 
Soutter.. 
nusu ausTutMEN—First Inning*. 
Exbam. .-11 | ii f: 
Second Timing*. 
:::f j 1 l 
Munn. J 
As the game was finished at an early hour in the day, 
a scrub match was made up to please the spectators and 
both Munn aud Trotter gave the St, Georges plenty to do 
in the field. The annexed score will show the oharactei 
of the bowling and batting:— 
OESTUEHEN OX HllILAND. 
j H- Nunn, lbtv, bMoeran--■ . . 
S Trot tor. notout. . . 
j-f F. Exhaui, not otfl. .. 
ANALYSIS OF THE BOWLING, 
Oven. Maiden*. Hun*. H'ickets, 
Soutter . 
l'ro&or - 
•WiscoNStN.-MiWBMfces, Sept. 16(/i,-Saturday after- 
a'anirited game of cricket was played between the 
Willows and Young America Cricket Clubs which resul¬ 
ted in a score of 50 ' 'to 40. Jjeavtog out extras, the score 
stood 57 to 31. 
ARCHERY. 
AMERICAN BOWS vs. ENGLISH NOTIONS. 
Archery as imported from England, like any other sport 
so imported, will he Americanized and improved not only 
in the sport itself, but, in the material used, will go 
through the same course. Long-range rifle-shooting, 
after years of practice in the old country, especially in 
England under Government patronage, was taken up by 
a few enthusiastic Americans, and in less than no time 
positions were reversed, rifles invented and improved, and 
the Yankee team brought home the trophy and keep it; 
and to-day our rifles and riflemen are without a rival 
Anything, whether sport or business, that our people take 
hold of is improved, until but little of the old original is 
to be found. We simplify and cheapen so that all can 
have a chance. Our pigeon shots go to England and await 
challenges that do not come. It is a natural quality of 
our people to take up ideas aud make something new 
out of them, in sport, science or mechanics; while, on 
tire other hand, the English are a little fogyish, and in 
archeiy they certainly are so. They do not make as good 
bows now as they did when every man was an archer, or 
else the stories, as written at the time, of their bows, are 
false. We have imported the sport, and with it some 
notions in tire form of standard rules relative to the tools 
that to me seem ridiculous. Bows should be five feet, five 
feet six inches and six feet long, and arrows from twenty- 
five to twenty-eight inches long, and any one that says 
anything elso will have an English precedent hurled at 
his head, and the “idea that a Yankee without experi¬ 
ence should set np to criticise archery as imported only 
shows his ignorance.” Now to me there is something so 
unscientific in the English rule of to-day that I propose 
to have a shy at it. Two men, one five feet two inches 
high and the other six feet two inches, each with the 
power to pull the full length of their arms a 50-pound 
bow, buy bows and arrows of the standard length—six- 
feet bows and twenty-eight-inch arrows. The shorter 
man finds that he can pull bis arrows to the head when 
the right hand iB at his ear, while the latter one finds that 
he cannot get his right hand within several inches of his 
ear, owing to the greater length cf his anus. But they 
are both using standard imp lements. Now it Beems to 
me that the mere statement of this common case—it is to 
be found in every archery club in tbe United States of 
forty members — would bring about a change, and the 
idea of standard lengths would, die out at once. But if 
the tall gentleman had said, ’• I want arrows of a length 
that I can get the full length of my pull,” he would have 
looked in vain for them. He might have found a few 
thirty-inch ones, but not a hair's breadth longer, as they 
are ‘-not standard;” and as for a bow to shoot them, 
even if he could have found the arrows —‘ ‘ we do not im¬ 
port them, not standard.” A bow should be—and was in 
the day’s of archery—about the height of the man using 
it, and the arrow the full length that the person can pull. 
The strength of the how should lie so that the user could 
pull it the full length of his pull without fatigue. The 
reason that an arrow as long as possible should be used 
is a mechanical as well as a personal one. Let me state it 
mechanically. All power is measured by the standard 
‘‘ foot-pound.” Steam engines, horses, men, guns, 
everything wherever “weight in motion” is meas¬ 
ured, is by this and only this standard. A “foot¬ 
pound” is the force required to raise one pound of 
weight through one foot of space. Where the 
quantity is very large, the term foot-ton is used, 
and where very small, the term inch-pound or parts 
of each, but it is always the same measure. Now let us 
measure archery bows by this standard. Tbe short gen¬ 
tleman’s bow is strung as usual, with six inches between 
tbe bow and the string ; the bow is li inches deep at tbe 
handle and the steel head of the arrow three-quarters of 
an inch long. So lie has an actual pull of twenty inches. 
The bow pulls 50 pounds at the end of the pull. Now 
there was no pull or pressure at one end, and 50 pounds 
pressure at the other; then the average pressure on the 
nock of the arrow from end to end would be 25 pounds. 
If we multiply this by the 20 inches of motion we will 
have a result of 500 inch-pounds as the pressure applied 
to the arrow when the string was loosened. The latter 
gentleman finds he can pull thirty-six inches and have 
his hands in the same position to himself, his bow-hand 
extended at the same angle to his body, and his right 
hand to his ear or chin, as did his shorter friend. His 
bow was strung six inches, and tbe same allowance of 
eight inches is made as in the other oase, and ho has 
pulled his bow twenty-eight inches, with 50 pounds at the 
end of the pull, and the average pressure on the nock of 
the arrow was 25 pounds. Multiply this by the length 
of pull, 28 inches, and the result is 700 inch-pounds. Now 
can any one doubt which arrow would have the highest 
velocity when it left the bow-string, and is a bow used 
in archery for any other purpose than to give the arrow 
initial velocity ? The velocity will not be as 7 to 5, as 
there is another law that comes in. To increase the ve¬ 
locity the power is increased as the square. Nowthe flat¬ 
ness of the trajectory is in proportion to the velocity of 
the arrow. Any one that doubts this can try it by using 
two bows, a 50-pound and a 30-pound one, or any other 
between which there is a difference of 20 or more pounds. 
Pull the heavy bow with a spring balance until the scale 
shows tho same 30 pounds, and measure the distance 
pulled. Use an arrow pulled just that distance, or until 
the pressure on it will be 80 pounds, and shoot then with 
the same arrow on the 30-pound bow ; pull the fulllength, 
and you will find the light bow with its long pull will 
have beaten the short pull from 25 to 50 per cent,; and 
measure them both by the inch-pound and you will see 
just where the joke comes in, 
It requires time to overcome inertia easily ; and if done 
instantly, it must be at the expense of a large quantity of 
power; and as the arrow is at rest and must be started 
gradually, and the motion constantly accelerated until it 
leaves the string, and that by a pressure that is con¬ 
stantly decreasing from the greatest pressure at the 
starting to nothing at the end of the stroke, it will be 
seen that everything should be done to give the arrow 
the highest initial velocity with the least expenditure of 
strength by the archer. 
Now the flatness of the trajetory is in proportion to the 
velocity of the arrow. Tho arrow that gets to the target 
in one second, rises only one fourth as high as one that 
takes two seconds to go the wttir bietlnioe» Bo that 
keeping a length ” would be just that much easier for 
the long pull as the initial velocity was higher. Our 
English friend, or his American copyist, will say "we 
can’t get any such bows imported.” True, my dear sir; 
but the Yankee has already invented two bows that will 
shoot the “cloth-yard shaft” of our ancestors, and they 
can he had by any one and at no fancy prices, I speak of 
Maliison's Bplit-bamboo bow, and my own rawhide backed- 
bow. The lady that was so unfortunate as to lose 28 
from her score at Chicago by her arrows not sticking in 
the target, would have saved her score and no doubt im- 
provcd'it had she used a bow of the same power and 
two inches more pull, and of course arrows in propor¬ 
tion. About standard arrows, it strikes me the weight of 
arrows in old English silver shillings and pence is just a 
little ridiculous. No one pretends to understand it, and 
no one ever will. Suppose we drop it and let American 
arrow makers give us weighted arrows in ounces and 
grains, so we may know what weights we are using. We 
have to take somebody’s say-so for the weights now, and 
cannot verify them without great trouble. Every town 
in this country is supplied with scales to weigh pounds, 
ounces, and parts of each, but silver shillings and silver 
pence are not to be found, and as the bow is weighted in 
pounds, let’s have the arrows in the same scale. 
As arrows get their velocity from the power of the 
bow and keep it from their form and 'weight, it would be 
well to see if their form and weight cannot be improved 
as well as the bow. An arrow cannot be made too light, 
and have the requisite stiffness to prevent buckling 
when shot; but one grain of weight, or one sixteenth of 
an inch of increase in the cross section more than is actu¬ 
ally necessary, is a detriment to its flight and velocity. 
Mr, Henry's shooting at Chicago with four-shilling weight 
of arrow gave the lowest trajetory—why? Because the 
bow had a less weight to move, and so moved it through 
the space in the quickest time (on other points of power 
that I hope to discuss at some future time). Why should 
an arrow, shot from a 35-pound bow, be of the same 
weight of one shot from a 65-pound bow ? But they are ; 
and the size and weight of ladies' arrows are the same, 
or nearly, except the length. Bows are used for target 
practice at 100 yards and under ; the bow that will throw 
an arrow the distance with the greatest velocity is the 
best how ; and the arrow starting with a given velocity 
that reaches the target with the greatest velocity is the 
best arrow; and with that bow and that arrow any 
archer can do better shooting than with any bow and 
arrow that is below them in those qualities. Who knows 
the speed of an arrow in feet and inches, seconds, and 
parts of a second? We know all about the flight of pro¬ 
jectiles from rifles and camions, and we will know about 
arrows, for the American mechanic has got hold of the 
subject and will get to the bottom of it before he is done 
with it. The Express rifle shoots a light ball with a 
heavy charge of powder at so high a velocity for 150 
yards that the sights need not bo changed for any inter¬ 
mediate distances. Now this high initial velocity is only 
got by using light projectiles. The same law holdB good 
with arrows ; the lighter the arrow the swifter it can be 
shot, and the swifter the straighter it will go follows as a 
matter of course. So the arrow of the future will be a 
fight stiff arrow of as small cross section as possible, and 
feathered so as to make as little resistance to the ah in 
its passage, for the feathers retard the arrow more than 
tlie body of the arrow does. This arrow is not for sale 
now ; but I have an impression that before the next year 
is over it will be found. I have great faith in Yankee in- 
•e unity. Every archer wants better arrows, and only 
xnows that those he uses and pays such prices for do not 
q uite fill the bill. I have seen fine arrows, but the feath¬ 
ers in their cross section were one and seven-eighths by 
one-sixteenth of an inch. This is a heavy handicap for 
a bow to force such a feather through the air. If archers 
will measure their feathers, the thickness and then- 
height, they will be surprised, and reject every arrow 
that lias not a thin fine feather put on each one in the 
same line, if they be straight or curved. Remember that 
the air has to be pushed aside in tlieir flight, and every 
particle of movement is taken from the arrow’s flight, and 
awkward feathers are often the reason of the slow “ get 
there” of the arrows. There are faults in archery imple¬ 
ments, and by open and fair discussion they will be im¬ 
proved. John W. Sutton. 
No. 05 Liberty street, New York. 
Highland Park Archers.— Highland Park, III., Sept, 
loth— Editor Forest and Stream .-—Highland Park has 
become quite an archery centre. On nearly every lawn 
in town is to be seen a well-used target. Since the organ¬ 
ization of the Highland Park Archers early m the sum¬ 
mer of 1878 the growth of archery here has beeu steady 
and healthy. During the first season our team shot a 
series of matches, winning a majority of them. Practice 
was kept up until snow came,and even afterwards by some. 
Then a 20-yard range was fitted np in a hall, a one-foot 
target being used, and a series of very interesting matches 
shot by members of the dub; and we wish to speak a 
good word for this .short-range practice. The time will 
soon be here when we shall have to put our bows aside 
for several months, unless we can shoot indoors ; in 
which case we must shoot at short range; and by so doing 
we constantly increase our skill. The distance being 
point blank, we do not gain skill in taking elevation for 
different distances ; but we can keep our muscles m con¬ 
dition and improve our drawing and loosing, and enjoy 
many an hour through the winter. Indoor telegraphic 
matches could also be shot with pleasure and profit. 
This season there has been a large addition of active 
members to the club, several of whom are developing 
into first-class archers. Before the great Chicago meet¬ 
ing we shot three matches with the Chicago Archery As¬ 
sociation and won two of them. We also tried our skill 
with Buffalo three, times, and Buffalo won twice. In 
Chicago our team stood second to the Wabash Merry 
Bowmen, there being eleven teams Bhooting. Recently 
we shot a match with the Marietta (Ohio) team at the 
American Round, and were defeated by 12 points. W e 
then shot a York Round with the Wabash Merry Bow¬ 
men, and again suffered defeat by 24 points. In both of 
these matches we did the better shooting at 60 yards 
this seeming to be our strong range. In our recent match 
with Buffalo, reported in the Forest and Hike am, mi 
did our best shooting. Recently fine practice scores, 
with 90 arrows at 60 yards, have been made by several 
members aa follows: Gray, 438; Rail, 413 j Weston, 4U; 
