734 
FOREST AND STREAM 
THE EXPANSION OF GUN BARRELS. 
Newark, N. X, Sept. 25th. 
Editor Forest- and Stream :— 
Herewith please And ruptured brass shell. On the 19th 
of July this shell was exploded in the hands of Mr. P. S. 
Backus, while attempting to force on a cap while the 
shell was loaded, quite seriously lacerating the hand that 
held it. and forcing a shot (.into the fleshy part of the 
hand below the thumb. While thiB painful accident 
should furnish a warning to sportsmen not to attempt to 
cap a loaded cartridge, the peculiar appearance of this 
ruptured shell, and the fact that a shot was driven into 
Mr. Backus’ hand at right angles with the long axes of 
the shell, serves to illustrate and prove, at least, my 
former theories, that gun barrels of the present strength 
when fired with telling loads expand in front of the 
charge. 
There are many things received and taught in natural 
philosophy, at least as applied to gu nn ing, that exhibit 
questionable grounds ; and my aim is to pick those ques¬ 
tionable points. Guns universally are made stronger 
around the powder chamber, which may be well enough 
for appearance sake, but it is nearly certain that the 
greatest strain takes place in them immediately in front 
of the charge, where the missile attacks the air, as this 
shell will illustrate. 
Those who have been familiar with my contributions 
to the old Rod and dun, and since to your very able 
paper, Forest and Stream and Rod and Gun, will re¬ 
member that I reasoned and presented illustrations to 
prove the force of suddenly compressed air in gun bar¬ 
rels. Early in the history of choke guns I contended that 
all choke "guns, in order "to get the best uniform shooting, 
must have a specific charge—a charge that would just 
spring the choke to a straight—in plain terms, a thick 
gun, a large charge, and a thin one, a small. Among the 
opposers of the gun expanding was “ Off-Hand,” who in 
a well-written article questioned the expanding at all, 
and claimed if there was a trifle of expanding it was be¬ 
hind the shot, and, if anything, the barrel would tend to 
contract in front of the 6hot. Of course, he ignored the 
poutching action of the air in front. I gave the experi¬ 
ment with the leaden band, which, on being tested by a 
contributor, settled the expanding question in the affirma¬ 
tive : and now to prove the gun expanded in front of the 
ciiarge, I could only give you my own experience with 
a bursted gun. where some of the shot passed out atright 
angles with the line of fire, and struck against the per¬ 
pendicular face of a rock within a few feet. Now, to re¬ 
in force this theory, and to prove almost beyond question 
that gun ban-els do expand in front of the charge, I pre¬ 
sent you with this exploded shell. 
You will observe that the greatest stretch of the metal 
has taken place immediately at the shot-wad, and that 
the rupture began at that point, or in front of that point, 
and ran back toward the powder, and from the swell at 
the shot-wad the stretch converges each way, showing 
greater stretch in front of the wad than behind. It will 
be noted that where the powder was chambered there 
was no stretch or rupture, and that the tear stopped im¬ 
mediately on pa*ing the powder-wad. 
Mi-. Backus grasped this shell in his left hand, as any 
person attempting such a thing naturally would to force 
down the cap with the screw of an ordinary shell ex¬ 
tractor, and the rupture or opening in the shell mostly 
took place between the ends of the fingers and the hand, 
and though, no doubt, most of the shot passed out in a 
straight fine, more than the one that stuck to Mr. B.'s 
hand may have passed through the opening on the side, 
Of course, this lateral shot possessed but little force, 
barely sticking through the skin. At this day nearly 
every practical shot knows tkata thick choke gun requires 
a larger charge of powder than a thin one, whether they 
have examined the cause or not, and no person who may 
examine this shell can say but there was greater expan¬ 
sive force at and in front of the shot-wad than at any 
other point. 
To sum up : Guns spring open at the transit of the 
charge, and there is greater expansion in front of the shot 
than behind it. This I account for by there appearing to 
be a thin, consolidated air pack, having greater expansive 
force on a given point than the more voluminous powder 
gasses, and that point is immediately where the shot-wad 
attacks the ah. Simply from overpowering charges, the 
tendency in guns to burst grades out in frequency from 
the starting of the shot-wad as it approaches the muzzle. 
Straight Bore. 
—What is the difference betwen a prosy speaker and an 
archer? One talks awful heavy, and the other toxo- 
pholite. 
—San Diego posesses a genuine heroine in a young lady 
named Miss Mary Lawrence. As a band of wild cattle 
were being dri ven through the streets, one of them started 
fora child at play. The vaquero was drunk and tumbled 
from the horse as he attempted to turn the furious ani¬ 
mal. Miss Lawrence being near sprang into the vacant 
saddle, ran down the animal, threw her shawl over its 
head and leaning from the saddle, caught up the child, 
carrying it off in safety. It showed rare courage and 
presence of mind as well as expert horsemanship. 
_The remnants of Brother Adirondack Murray’s church 
in Boston have been gathered together with the view of 
forming a new church on a broad and progressive Chris¬ 
tian basis. The efforts to secure solidity in its finances is 
said to promise success. The Rev. H. A. Shorey, who 
has succeeded Murray in thd charge of the Gotten Rule 
becomes pastor of the new enterprise. 
Jjf xtiornl ffzstimes. 
THE GAME OF CRICKET. 
Oot. 16-17.—Detroit.—Peninsular vs. Gentlemen of Ireland. 
Oet. 17-18—Stenton.—Young America vs. English Eleven. 
Oct. 18—Chestnut Hill.—ChestnutHill vs. Belmont. 
Oct. 34—Stenton.—Newark vs. Young America (2d). 
Daft’s English Team vs. Twenty-two of Central 
New York. — T he seventh match in the Daft series was 
played at Newell Park. Syracuse, N. Y., on Sept. 30th and 
Oct. 1st, between the above-named teams. The twenty- 
two was composed of players from Albany, Oswego, Ful¬ 
ton, Oswego Falls, Syracuse, Utica and Skaneatelas. The 
attendance was good, much larger than had yet been met 
with, and although the visitors won by an innings and 70 
nms, yet the game was highly appreciated, and the won¬ 
derful bowling and batting of the visitors loudly ap¬ 
plauded. Score : — 
ENGLISH TEAM. 
Oscroft, o. Smart, b. Millward . 34 
lyett, run out .■. 12 
_ jibv, b. Favetto. 44 
Lockwood, c. and b. Millward . 0 
Dart, c. Hnlliiigworth, b. Bailey . 19 
Shrewsbury, not out. 26 
Barnes, b. Fayette . 0 
Bates, c. Gaitmnd, b. Fayette. 10 
Shaw, I). Ncwick . 0 
Pirnler, b. Newiok. 5 
Morley, b. Newiok. 1 
Byes, 5; log byes, 1; wides, 5 ; no ball, 1 . 12 
CENTRAL NEW YORK. 
First tnning. Second Inning. 
Ellinor b. Shaw . 4 c. Croft, b. Shaw . 0 
McNaughton. b. Shaw. 2 o. Look-wood, b. Morley . 0 
Powell, b. Shaw. 0 b. Morley . 0 
Ellis,run nut . 2 o. Ulyett, b. Shaw . 8 
Backus, b. Shaw . 0 b. Sbaw. 2 
Bailey, h. Morley. 0 o. Oscroft, b. Morley. 1 
Stevenson, b. Sliaw . 5 b. Shaw. . 8 
Millwnrd. b. Shaw . 0 b. Shaw. 0 
Clark, b. Shaw. 0 b. Shaw. 3 
Boss. b. Morley . 0 b, Shaw. (1 
Gart land, b. Morley. 3 c. Daft, b. Morley . 6 
Adams, b. Shaw. 2 c. Bates, b. Morley. 3 
Carpenter, b. Morley. 1 b. Shaw . 1 
Ballard, h. Morley . 0 b. Shaw. 0 
Holllngwortb, b. and c. Mot¬ 
ley . 5 b. Morley . 1 
Newiok, b. Morley . 0 o. Oscroft, b. Sbaw . 5 
Lightholl, stumped Pinder, b. 
Shaw. 4 o. Ulyett, b. Shaw. 0 
Conde, b. Morley. 3 1). Morley. 5 
Outerhrldge, not out . 6 c. Daft, b. Shaw. 0 
Wright, b. Morley. 0 stumped Pinder, b. Shaw. 1 
Elliott, b. Shaw . . 1 uot out . 0 
Byes, 3 ; leg byes, 2. 5 Byes, 4; leg byes, 2. 6 
Total . 43 Total . 60 
Grand total . . 93 
ANALYSIS OF BOWLING. 
CENTRAL NEW YORK, 
Unite. Maidens. Runs. Wickets. 
Millward .124 16 32 2 
Roberts. 44 4 19 
Hoss. 23 1 18 
Newtek . 73 13 9 3 
Bailey . 80 7 26 1 
Wright . 68 5 17 0 
Favetto . 96 8 30 3 
Wides—Roberts, 3; Bailey, 1; Wright, 1. No halls—Fayette, 1. 
daft’s English team —First Rming. 
Shaw. 92 10 15 11 
Morley . 88 11 23 9 
Second Inning. 
Shaw. 96 11 28 13 
Morley . 93 14 16 8 
Dafts’ English Eleven vs. Peninsula Eighteen.— 
This, the sixth match in the tom-of the English cricketers 
was played on the Woodward Avenue grounds, at Detroit. 
The game was arranged to be continued through three 
days. Sept. 25th, 26th and 27th, but the bad weather on 
the last day caused the match to result in a draw, with 
the score in favor of the visitors. The wicket was soft 
and consequently slow ; but it did not prevent the for¬ 
eigners from running up the goodly score of 191. Dale’s 
bowling was remarkably fine, and Joy's 17 was well ob¬ 
tained The following is the score :— 
FENrNSULAS. 
G. Heigbo, 1.b.w., b. Sbaw.. 2 
F. Bamford, b. Morley. 0 
J.Neville,b. Morley....,..,.. 0 
C. B. Calvert, b. Sbaw. 0 
Wm. White, run out . 2 
G. Edgar, o. Ulyett, b. Shaw. 5 
F. Hinchman, c. Pinder, b. 
Morley . 3 
T. Dale, b. Morley . 0 
U. Armstrong, b. Morley. 5 
F. C. Irvine, Lb. w„b. Morley 2 
C. J. Littlejohn, c. Daft, b. 
Morley. 1 
C. Joy, c. Oscroft, b. Emmett 17 
R. B. Ridgley, b. Shaw . 0 
F. Giddey, b. Shaw. 0 
C. Cooney, o. Selby, b. Em¬ 
mett. 1 
A. Wiley, b. Shaw. 2 
H. Wright, b. Shaw. 5 
J. J. Dodds, not out. 0 
Byes, 11; leg-byes, 1; wides, 
1; ho balls, 1 . U 
Total . Ml Total. 59 
BOWLING ANALYSIS. 
FEINSULAB6. 
Overs. Maidens. Runs. Wickets. 
Dale. 59 32 50 6 
White . 11 3 18 •• 
Littlejohn.39 26 41 13 
Bamford . 10 6 6 
Armstrong. 14 14 11 
Irvine . 14 3 22 
Cooney. 4 1 4 
Wiley . 2 1 4 
Heigbo . 2 0 7 
ENGLISH. 
Shaw. . g 1§ 18 J 
Emmett . t 2 o 2 
Umpires: Mr. Peter Young, for Peninsular; Lockwood, for 
England. 
Daft’s English Eleven vs. Twenty-two Canadians 
at London, O NT.—This, the fifth match in the Daft 
series, was played on Sept. 22d and 23d on the Tecumseh 
Base-Ball Grounds at London, W. O. The twenty-two 
were selected from all the cricketers in Western Ontario, 
and many of Canada’s best representatives were included 
in the home team. The day was beautifully fine. Hy¬ 
man, Captain of the Canadian side, won the toss, and he 
ENGLISH ELEVEN. 
G. Ulyett, b.Littlejohn.14 
Wm. Oscroft, o. Littlejohn, b. 
Dale.52 
A. Shrewsbury, o. Irviue, b. 
Dale. 30 
J. S<-Ihv, b. Dale. 3 
Richard Daft, b. Dale. 18 
W. Barnes, c. Hinchman, b. 
Littlejohn . 23 
W. Bates, b. Dale. 8 
Thomas Emmett, run out.... 10 
Alfred Shaw, b. Littlejohn... 0 
George Pinder, b. Dale. 6 
F. Morley, not out . 3 
Byes, 14: wides, 2; leg-byes, 6; 
o balls, 3 . 25 
elected to take the field. Play was commenced at 12 M 
and continued, in dark and gloomy weather, on the fol¬ 
lowing day. At no time was there a large attendance, 
but those spectators who were present were enthusiastic 
and generous in their applause. The subjoined score and 
bowling analysis give the individual record of the game: 
DAFT’S ENGLISH ELEVEN. 
Second Inning. 
Oscroft, o. Paine, b. Kennedy 2 
Ulyett, c. Hammett, b.Gillean 20 
Lockwood, b. Ferrie. 0 
Shrewsbury, c. Liddell, b. 
Gillean.21 
Daft. c. Totten, b. Kennedy, 0 
Barnes, b. Parker. 22 
Bates, c. Liddell, b.Gillean... 15 
Emmett, hit wicket, b. Ferrie 33 
Shaw, c. Oliver, b. Gillean— 8 
Pinder, b. Kennedy,.,., —,, 11 
Morley, not out . 1 
Byes, 2 Mejr byes, 1; wides, 2; ^ 
Total. 71 Total.137 
ANALYSIS OF BOWLING 
First Innings. 
Overs. Maidens. Runs. Wickets. 
Kennedy.522 26 31 5 
Ferrie. . .33 16 22 3 
Gillean . 20 14 12 2 
Second Inning. 
First Inning. 
Oscroft, e. Cameron, b. Ken¬ 
nedy . 8 
Ulyett, c. Potter, b. Kennedy 1 
Lockwood, b. Kennedy. 10 
Shrewsbury, c. Cameron, b. 
Gillean. 5 
Daft, c, Nicholl, b.|Kennedy. 21 
Barnes, b. Gillean. 3 
Bates, c.Parke, b. Ferric.... 14 
Emmet, b. Ferrie. 4 
Shaw, b. Ferrie. 2 
Pinder, b. Kennedy . 0 
Morley, not out. 0 
Byes, 2; leg byes, 1. 3 
Kennedy.. 
Ferrie. 
Gillean.... 
Parker.... 
Park. 
Whitlaw., 
. 29 
. 24 
10 
1 
45 
20 
12 
TWENTY-: 
First Inning. 
laddie, run out. 1 
Adams, st. Pinder, b. Shaw... 0 
Lemons, e. Emmett, b. Mor- 
lev . 2 
Parker, c. Oscroft, b. Sbaw. 2 
Jukes, c. Bates, b. Shaw . 1 
Atkinson, b. Morley . 0 
Hyman, c. Bates, b. Shaw.... 0 
Hammond, b. Morley . 1 
Oliver, b. Shaw .: . 3 
H. Cameron, l.b. w., b. Shaw 2 
Hammett, b. Morley. 0 
Kennedy, b. Morley. 10 
Nicholls, b. Shaw . 0 
Saunders, b. Morioy . 1 
Pai-ke, not out . 8 
Totten, h. Shaw . . . 1 
Whitlaw, c. Barnes, b. Shaw. 0 
Moscrip, b. Shaw .... . 3 
Paine, c. Oscroft, b. bhaw. ... 0 
Hunt, 1. b. w., Shaw . 0 
Ferrie,b. Sbaw .••••• -• § 
Gillean, c. Oscroft. b. Shaw. 1 
Byes, 5; leg bye, 1 . 6 
’O OF WESTERN ONTARIO. 
Second Inning. 
Parke, b. Shaw. 2 
Liddell, b. Shaw. 6 
Adams, st. Pinder, b. Sbaw... 0 
Lemons, b. Morley. 5 
Parker, c. Oscroft, b. Morley 1 
Jukes, c. Ulyett, b. Shaw. 0 
Atkinson, c. Pinder, b. Mor¬ 
ley . 3 
Hyman, c. Ulyett, b. Shaw... 2 
Hammond, b. Morley. 0 
Oliver, b. Shaw . 0 
Kennedy, c. Kennedy,b.Sbaw 0 
ivcnueay, u. rvtjiiueuj ,u.oua»> u 
Hammett, c. Barnes, b. Shaw 7 
Cameron, run out. 0 
Saundors, b. Shaw. 3 
Totten, o. Daft, b. Shaw. 0 
Whitlaw, b. Morley. 0 
Moscrip, b. Shaw. 0 
Paine, not out. 4 
Hunt, b. Shaw. 0 
Ferrie, b. Shaw... 0 
Gillean, c. Daft, b. Shaw.... 0 
Byes, 4; leg bye, 1. 5 
Total. 38 
Total. S’* 
ANALYSIS OF BOWLING. 
First Inning. 
Overs. Maidens. Runs. Wickets. 
Shaw.3H JI 12 13 
Morioy. 31 18 19 6 
Second Inning. 
Shaw... 
M unipir'es-Mr. it.' Bayiy for Canadians, and Selby for English- 
Ttri.T. Players vs. Cricketers.— The recent discussion 
in the daily papers in regard 'to the merits of base ball 
players as cricketers, will have additional interest given 
it by the practical experiment which has been arranged 
in the form of a two day’s match between base ball play¬ 
ers and Daft’s English eleven, to take place on the Union 
Grounds, Brooklyn, on October 15th and 16th. The first 
day’s play will be devoted to a match of cricket—one in¬ 
nings a side—between eighteen base ball players captained 
by George Wright; the team including the champion 
Providence nine and Daft’s eleven. On the second day 
the contest will consist of a base ball match between the 
Providence nine and Daft’s players, the latter being cap¬ 
tained by Hr. Sprague of the Staten Island Club ; an old 
base ball player. This will be a unique affair. It wifi he 
the only time Daft’s team willplay in Brooklyn. 
Cricket Editor of the Forest and Stream-.— 
As neither the Philadelphia Club nor the Belmont Club 
has any representation on the team which was chosen to 
nlav againts Daft’s eleven here, would it not be rather 
better to call the match “Daft’s Professional vs. The 
Young America and Friends” ; or “ Daft s Professionals 
vs A Selected Team,” than to call it. All Philadelphia. 
The Philadelphia Club has always shown well enough on 
former international matches, and. in the last United 
States vs. Canada, it was a Philadelphia man, Ithink,who 
“detou score : a man whose showing cn previous 
matches with foreigners was of the best. If all rounders 
were to make up the team, the Belmont Club has one 
very good player under that captain. 
Philadelphia Oct . 8 th , 1779. An Amateur. 
four reason for terming “the fifteen which played 
Daft’s Professionals, at Nicetown, on Oct. 10th, 11th and 
13th “All Philadelphia” is, that we understand that 
team to have been selected by a committee of five, 
who were duly elected by represeitatives of each .Phila¬ 
delphia cricket organization: If such is the base, we can¬ 
not see why exception should betaken to our naming the 
team as we have done.—E d.] 
GENTLEMEN OF IRELAND VS. UNITED PHILADELPHIA.- 
This one day’s match was arranged to be 
town on the clay following the game of faept. Soth and 
26th It will be seen by the score that the game resulted 
in favor of tbe^fsitors by 14 runs on one innings 
totals:- UNITED Philadelphia Hirst Inning. q 
S. Law, st. Brougham, b. Exham. 33 
J B Thayer, c. and b. Exham. go 
J. Large.'b. Exham... . 14 
C. Newhali, c. Colthurst, b. Hamilton . . j 
R. N. Caldwell, 0. Hamilton, b. Exharn^. . u 
J. Hargreaves, st. Brougham, b. Exham. . 15 
G. Newhali, e. Exbam, b-Nunn. .. . 3 
D Newhali,c. Casey, b. Hamilton. .... 4 
E. IV. Clark, not out...... 10 
Bves, 6; leg byes, .. _ 
Total.. 
