JAN, -I, 1888.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



443 



threshold, turned out bo be the Hew, the unci.- to whom we 

 were accredited. Henry wae (Vita US atid introduced 

 us to bis mint, and two buxom cousins who wore engaged 

 in domestic pursuits, (lie results of which we boob after en- 

 joyed in tht* shnpe of a hearty breakfast,, to which ttuj.old 

 gentleman contributed a sroodlv portion of tnbat excellent 

 Moselle wine. 



\\ bile Hie f,;h,i,ii,< or Hm- Eamilj werepr^ariftg our break- 

 fast. wc utilized our time by a lout around the premises 

 —audit was quite a- tromp— under the guidance of Robert 

 :imi Engelhard, two sons of our host whose Rue physiques 

 lind been developed into most manly shape bythe drill and 

 discipline which, in common with all German youth, iliey 

 had received during iheir service in the army. 



ftwftsa curious, place, The building extended around 

 1 in.-.- sides of a largn square, and under one continuous 

 roof were brewery, homestead, woodhouse, wagxm-Jioufle, 

 pig stfcii, eow stables, horse stables, haj barn and granery, 

 occurring in ihB order mentioned. To our ideas it seemed 

 strange in a place scrupulous^ clean and as white as white- 

 wash could make it (even the pigs and cows showed 

 i villi nee of careful grooming), to see the courl in the center 

 devoted to the collection of manure, ."which in a rich layer 

 tilled if. throe-feet deep, leaving bul a footpath around it; 

 the. kitolieo anrl stable dams being vi-avi-. The house 

 was built of brick and limber intermingled, a fashion which 

 is prevailing in Germany. Hither their mortar is Very poor, 

 or I hey display great economy in il- u-e. for in nearly wtvy 

 brick "Wall the interstices between the bricks soon become 

 without form and void, the qualitj of both mortar and 

 bricks being so poor Hint there is neither adhesion nor cohc 

 Biou between them. In order to remedy, as far as possible, 

 thB unsafe weaUnes- of tie -Iruclurc." a system has lieon 

 adopted of supporting the brick-Work with timbers, which 

 form a nel work koriEontafly, perpendicularly and at angles, 

 resembling very much the frame of an ordinary "house 

 l;ile." I he intermediate space.- where in the kite Only the 



paper shows, being filled in with (he bricks; and to continue 

 the simile, the balance strings of the kite are reproduced in 

 many ease-', by long timber props; in spite of which support 

 the streets of n village present a very curious appearance, 

 for here a pair of houses ar- leaning toward each other as 



though indulging in a cosy gossip ; and thereanother pair 



B l.o as e\ identlv have bail a hit of n row. and no longer on 

 speaking terms, bend as far asunder «s possible; and again 

 an.eager wooer is being met with symptoms of great coy- 

 ness. Kusehein cousistsol alum: thirty such houses, most 

 of which are the homes or the numerous employes of II. rr 

 \1. i... ue. Ii.r. and or course it has ils church and (/nytir/rl/i- 

 ijcliaftot inn. 



One thing i- noticeable in these German hamlets: there is 

 no sign of poverty, Every house looks comfortable. The 

 women and girls, down to little onesof eight years, bit 

 busily knitting, or caring fm tbostil] younger ones, ami the 

 bright-faced, flaxen-haired, wooden-shoe-endowed young- 

 sters are kept clean and well fed. 



Only the v.-ry young girls retain the flaxen hair in its 

 original state: the custom which prevails of going bareheaded 

 gives- to the sun and rain fine opportunity to produce the 

 mo-a inartistic mingling of many colors, and did the women 

 ever. a- fortunately lor them lle-v never do, require the as- 

 -islaiiec of a Switch or false front maker, the best artists in 

 Europe would be sadly pmszled to match the original hair. 



One thing strikes me very forcibly, though, while knock- 

 ing about in the rural districts. If there is anythingat all 

 in the theory of transmission of qualities and character front 

 mother lo eiiiid. what will the average European peasant de- 

 velop into after n FjStS more generationsf Fathers ail off 

 16 the barrack.--, keeping np the great standing army, and 

 mothers laboring by the side of cows and dogs in the held, 

 and carrying on their heads immense burdens, a toil from 

 which even Hie Incident of childbirth does not relieve them 

 for more than two or three days after, sometimes none be- 

 fore. And the littfje ones, eWaudled into living mummies, 

 entrusted to the can- of little sisters, themselves mere infants. 

 In China this -;. stem has produced the coolie. Can it be ex- 

 pected hire to : mi] to effect tin- same? 



The farms in vicinity of Huaeheln and along the Rhine 

 are much devoted lo cultivation of the sugar beet, The 

 agricultural implements in use are wonderful to behold, and 

 the most convenient of theih all. if placed on exhibition, 

 would, in the L nited State.-, form a nucleus tor sightseers at 

 an agricultural exhibition— plows with three wheels, wheej- 

 barrows lilted with trace-, for COWS and I logs, hoes heavy 

 enough to make two each, and most curious reaping and 

 mowing implements. 



I should think that this, country, Belgium, and Austria 

 would prove most, profitable lie'nls for a gOod drummer for 

 agricultural implements, who could speak French and (icr- 

 man. 1 lielievc that, if I had been in position to carry Out 

 my contracts, I could have effected a number of sales 'since 

 1 have been here. 



After breakfast ourparty of three. ic-eiifnrccd by [lie two 

 male cousins and four good dogs, started with even- pros- 

 pect of a good i lav. for 'we had •"the southerly Wind and 

 the Cloudy Sky which proclaim ihe hunter - mornim.," and 

 we had hardlv got our line cMendcd before u flock of aboul 

 mini; partridge- goi up, started by the dogs, which, ju.-t 



unchained, had not Settled down to their work, and were. 



This taught u.- a lesson though, and we indulged no more 

 in -mil waste of opportunities. Our day's hunt took us 

 over mosl varied country. .Now crossing a plowed l'e Id on 

 the alert for hare, then through patent- of uie sugar beet, 

 yet unhaiv.-steil. from which sve got a fair Show of part- 

 ridges, then over heather-covered ti.-i.l-, where little clumps 

 of blackberry bushes sheltered abundance of rabbits ,,r 



which, however, although lnnnv were called, but few wen- 

 cho-en. for when Immiv did break from one cover and dis- 

 play a little bunch of gray lightning on her waj to another. 

 eitlier the pace was too fii-L for us or the dog's head was so 

 close that a shot would be too risky. Iheard il numboi of 

 claim- afl tO hits, which were far in excess of lb. actual iv 

 -nil-. 1 own up lo four clear misses, •"unaccountable 

 misses"] believe, is tin- correct term, and the tirsl hare, 

 which sprung up from a furrow not forty yard- away, was 

 fully double the dislance before I realized ihat the bound- 

 ing six-legged creature — for it's ears had the appearance, of 

 reversed legs— was really a hare and not one of the dogs or 

 a little jackass. Of course I followed up the first by a 

 second bit of stupidity, or perhaps I might claim it was the 

 same old stupid, and cut loose with both barrels. fi is 

 not necessary to record the result. 



We hunted in line, abreast, with intervals f about one 

 hundred yards. Noi speaking German, I had great trouble 

 in trying to manage the dog that was assigned to me, an old 

 pointer bitch named Flora, and I had little success until the 



old gentleman stationed me next to him. and then, he man 

 aging the business, Flora prov.-d herself equal to the occa- 

 sion, and pointed steadily, and I. being given the privilege 

 of the shot, made n fair percentage df the partridges shot, 



Our " noosing " was something to i>e remembered. It 

 was on a heather-covered knoll, overlooking a great plain 

 of cultivated fields and vineyards, with the city of Cologne 

 just visible on the horizon, 'Itwasnoi till I hadthisview 

 of it thai i realized the magnitude of the Cologne Cathedral, 

 from which we were about ten miles distant, and the lofti- 

 ness of its twin tower-. When in the city I BtrOlled around 

 it the grand bulk of the structure was not so noticeable, for 

 there were high houses around it ; and each of its own 

 various parts 'was so irrand in its proportions that b tended 

 to dwarf its neighbor. The tOOf, (wo hundred feet from 

 Ihe -round, -ecme.l but little below ihe -in, unit of the 



transept tower, although actually; a hundred and sixty feel 

 separated them : ami in town lilts tower seemed little less 



lofty than the spires Iheniseh vs. lint from our hill I could 



see the difference, While the city, with it- wealth ol 

 churches and spacious mansions, whs but little more than n 

 slightly irregular, checkered line On the hori/.on. the 

 Cathedral loomed up like an immense ship On a smtoot.fl 

 sea, and the spires. :,\i feel above the summit of the hillock 

 on which the Cathedral stands, and by ii- addition :,;:, 

 above the level of the Rhine, which Mows pasi ii- base (to 

 us invisible except by a, line of mist), showed put in grand 

 perspective. But that we knew to ihe Contrary, we could 

 haveeasily believed ihat we were gazing al a great ehurch 



rising from a cluster of hamlets but a couple of miles aWaV. 



Toward sunset the hares began to show themselves In 

 goodly numbers, bul they were \erv wild, and -aw aim 

 heard us long before we were wilhin shooting distance; ami 

 the. difference iii distance between two successive seconds 

 was Wonderful. We were going through a big stretch of 

 ploughed ground and not quite SO spryly as before our long 

 tramp, and 1 fancy the hare- had been' re-ling as bard as we 

 had been working' 



I achieved the first success, by a method which might lie 

 called ft scratch. Tired out. I had taken advantage of a 

 dry pile of pea brush, ami sat for half an hour or more rest- 

 ing. 



A- 1 rose to rejoin the party, the biggesi hare of the day 

 came living by me, and by a long and lucky shot I stopped 

 him. not though till he had turned a complete summersault. 



We found a good dinner awaiting us, and did such justice 

 toil, that we are prejudiced witnesses if the subject of ihe 

 excellence of the kitchen, vintage and malt, of onr worthy 

 host comes under discussion. Then came settling up. 



D'uBois, who speaks German fluently, undertook this 

 branch, and thus became the principal victim to rather a 

 good joke. We had insisted thai we should lie permitted 

 to pay for our entertainment thus pre-empting the privilege 



i he eone bags were emptied, and from the goodly pile 

 we, Du Bois being spokesman, insisted thai our host should 

 select for his own use -ueh aS he wished, and the ilerr, not 

 to be outdone in politeness, was equally persistent thtit we 

 should take first choice, even lo the extent of ihe whole. 

 calling our attenlion to the fact that wo two had killed by 

 I'ai Ihe larger proportion— a fact due. it is fair to -tale, lo 

 the politeness of our companions, who gave us the shots. 

 Considering this point, we modestly contented ourselves 

 with just enough for a little game supper for six. and ii wa- 

 fortunate we did. for in our bill were items 



Vicrl-Vl.laiilmeriVm-lri.lKcsj IM.S.I la. 



Jiin Has- iliac,-, .. .. :i " 00 " 



Zwei ("aiiiiiclien o'ahl.itsl "J " 5P ■ 



which items were all right and in strict accordance with 

 German Custom, We had received free gratis politeness, 

 ho.-pilaiily, the services of men, women, dogs, guns and 

 horse, but custom made il the thing to charge for ihe game. 

 As a whole, our day was a BtlCCeSS. We had a jolly good 

 lime, and hope for another soon. Piseco. 



Aix i,..-fHAi'EU,i:. Prussia, Oct, !. i->: 



CRUSOES OF THE ANTARCTIC. 



Being an Account of the Voyage and Shipwreck of 

 the Bark Trinity and Hardships of her Crew. 



ETC ..oil:; UAsMoNI). skojM) OFFICER. 

 ;i".,iitinue.l I'l-iini rage 425.1 



MY -hanty was only three miles from the ba.-eof Volcano 

 Mountain: and when one night in May of this year 

 (1881) there wag" a terrible eruption of the volcano, I was 

 pretty badly scare!. There was a great deal of excitement 

 on tlie islaiid while this thing lasted, and we all watched 

 ihe llames with lnuc'a aa\iel\. until finally {he blaze died 

 down, and so did our fear- vanish.. This eruption was a 

 grand and awful si u ht to -ee, bul the ne\l lime I we.nl lo be 

 further off. 



In Me- first w,ei< of October; 1881, 1 left my shanty about 

 daylight to hunt up something to eat, with messmate An- 

 tono. ibesame negro who had brought ihe line ashore from 

 Ihe Trinity. Alier walking a shori distance 1 took one 

 route, and let m\ Companion goon another In- himself, so 

 tha we would have two chance.-. Shortly after the negro 

 wcni oil' on tri's cruise he mel up with a large bull, oneol 

 the largest size. I was noi wilhin two- mile- ,,r inn, m ii 1( , 

 time. We were badly in need of meat, ami lie was bound 

 to have a Bght with the monster, They were about a hun- 

 dred yards from the water, ami the battle began. Anlono 

 would stick hi- lance into the elephant and (hen run from 

 him. and in this way the tiirht wen! on until Antono broke 

 his lance, when he phiokily managed, with Ihe piece thai 



remained in his hand, to .poke outthe beast's ^yes-, aa the 



Philistines treated Samson, and when his eyes' were out 

 the elephant soon became a victim. "He no -ee aqua," 

 cried Antono when I eametip to him, "me flghtl Bed: bei I ':" 

 Theel'ephaul measured twenty-two feel in lengthandten 



feel around, and gave us meat enough lo ia-i I lire weeks. 



Every day in i hi- month wowere expecting areiiof ves- 

 sel from Lawrence it Co , but none appeared, which 

 troubled all'of us very much. Very many of ihe Portu- 

 guese began to get sick and would noi travel ihe beaches, I 

 did not wonder at it either. 



I was for -ome linn- then w'nhoiii seeing Capl. William.- 

 or Mr. Iv'eeiuy. and I wanted to know if they were all get- 

 ting sick. I wanted to know how 1 would make out how 

 many were on the sick list, and I soon taught myself a 

 plan" October l(i 1 hoisted the signal flag, ami gave one ol 

 my men a note to Bike to headquarters, telling them ihat 

 tfcerewerctwo ships arrived ami anchored olf Fairchild 

 Heach. In less time than it take- to tell it all hands were 

 cleared out of their shanties and came rushing over to my 



shanty to see the glorious sight. Then their names were all 

 scratched off the -ick list and stayed off as long as we were 

 on the island. 



iii these mouths We had noi heard from our four com- 

 rades in Criulon l',a.\ , nor they from us. There was a chain 

 of icebergs between, as 1 have already -aid, so we could noi 

 go lo Ihein nor Ihcy to US. By this time the Crinton Bav 

 ■sanii were as eager lo see us as' we weie lo .-. e ihein. They 

 built a boat out of -ome boards Ihev pulled olf from their 



shanty, and Henry Story, captain of the gang, with one 



White man. paid us a visit, We were very glad lo -ee them. 

 The boat was of a strange model for eilhei safely or speed; 

 -lie wassquare built, 7ft, Jin. long, !ili. Min. wide." and about 

 lit. dee)). After a few days' vjsii they made their way 

 back again. 



We had all (hi- lime lillle lo .•iiini-e US ewept to hunt for 

 food; this kepi us busy most of tile lime, and when we were 

 not robbing the penguins' nests or killing elephants we were 

 looking out for a ship lo heave into sight and take us off the 

 island, or else we were finding fault will: the weather, which 

 was bad all Ihe year round, being foggy and windy and 

 rainy and chilly, with sandstorms blowing that will in time 

 Wcartbrough the bOardsof ashahtyif il i- not kepi well 

 banked up with tussock and turf. In November of Ibis 

 year (1881) we had a sorry game of base ball, using a wooden 

 ball to play with; but there was no fun in it. for us, and we 

 didn't t iv it more ihan Unit once. 



The Portuguese had .-ome kind of a game Unit they played 

 wiili pchliles— soniclhing like dice: but I never could make 



First when we began to hunt penguins, when they would 

 see us, I hey would come toward us; but it did noi take 

 them long to know our character, and then they would givo 

 us a wide berth. There are four kinds of penguins on this 

 island, the Johnnies, Macaronies. Rock-hoppers and 

 King-. These bird-, have wings from eight inches to a foot 

 long; they cannot fly nor run very Eastonthc land; any 

 mail can catch thcin;'bui when they get into Ihe water and 

 get their flippers into motion they wo'uld run down any loco- 

 motive. , 



Tlie King penguins were from 21- to 8fl. in height, and a 

 right proud bird lo look at. Thev did not breed on the 

 Island. 



The Macearoni penguins, smaller than the Rock-hoppers, 

 Went away from, the Island for nine mouths in the year, 

 going olf to ihe south, so people must conclude Unit there is 

 land to the south of Heard's Hand; and, for one [should like 

 to go down there and explore for it. 



The 'Johnny penguins were the. most common: ihe\ were 

 there in ureal' numbers, and staod up in long lines a quarter 

 of a mile long— truly a cruel* sight to lnon al in any Christ- 

 ian country. They came ashore and -stayed all day in the 

 breeding season. The best time to catch them was just after 

 sunset They live on fish, and were not so good lo eat as 

 the sea-hens, bul we thought, them pretty good because 

 they were all we had lostandby. They sleep lyingon their 

 bellies. It was always very hard lo catch s penguin asleep, 

 for Ihev would lie sure lo hear you. They bred 

 on the level tussock, of which their 'nests were built; 

 and l hey would go right; on making their 

 nests when we were standing by within 1*1 feet of them, 



They would lay two eggs each when we gave Ihem a chance 

 Their eg-- were our principal food. To be sure and have 

 them fresh we would rob the nests one day and then go 

 over the same ground in two or three days again. The 

 Johnnies would keep on laying as long as we would rob 

 their nests. Thry would keep at il until their eggs had no 

 yolks; and when they couldn't lay any more ihey would 

 roll a stone into the nest and sit on" that. They didn't pro- 

 pose to move so long as they were accommodated, even if 

 their furniture wa- laken'oui of Ihe house. We wanted 

 fresh eggs all the time, but at last we would find only 

 stones, bul in November we generally got enough eggs to 

 last us through December, 'ihe rock-hoppers would only 

 lay one egg, "if this was robbed 1 hat was t lie end of it. 



About the first of November Ihe peuguins would begin 

 to lay. but Ihe eggswere not plenty until the fifth or sixth 

 of the month. Then il was "useless" for anyone lo get sick. 

 as we had lo go to Hook Beach, six milesa'way, for the eggs. 

 About l.'iO of llieseeggs made a fair load for a man lo bring. 

 When the weather was fair we would go in gangs for this 

 glorious food. We were belter olf than Ihat old adventurer 

 sailor Crusoe, for he had only Friday to accompany him, 

 i.ut there wass whole month of us. 



Main of the eggs that J stored in my shanty would be 

 broken', and 1 scolded my Portuguese for their carelessness, 

 but we found one day that Ihe rata were to blame for it. 



When we tirst landed on the island there were only a 

 couple of rats in ihe shantiea Thev were as tame as chick- 

 ens, and by Ihe time we left there were 200 of Ihem. 



ihe gale bird- came JNOV< mber 18 and were with us until 

 December. There were millions of them. They would 

 come Hying in for three hours al night, one-half hour after 

 dark, or in moonlight nights for an hour. Thev are a white 

 bird With black saddle on back, ami red beak and feet. 



Thev bred on the island, burrowing into the level tussock. 

 and some of them into Hie banked-up side- of our shanties, 

 These burrow:- go down about ■ tlnee feet, slanting into the 

 ground, and are' just about large enough al the entrance for 

 a man's hand to get into. The he ami -ie both went into 

 the burrow. It was wonderful how, when they came ashore, 

 Ihev uoiild pilch rigbl down, each one at Ihc'nioutii of bl- 

 own burrow, and dive riiriil in. When Ihev came out again 

 they would fly from their burrows directly oui to sea. They 

 lay one egg. and when the young bird comes up out of his 

 hole lie Waddles around two or three hours and is then 

 ready logo to sea— the lir-t time he sees ihe light he is just 

 as good as his parents, except ihat he hasui seen so much 

 of the world— and he wont see much of itcitnerif a sea- 

 hen gobbles him up and take- him down feathers and all. 

 The gale birds look much like a -mall chicken; whenyontako 

 their feathers off they weighabout a quarter of » pound; 

 they didn'l pay for ihe picking. They have a squeaky note, 

 ami are in fact good for feathers and noise and nothing e!-e. 

 We made beds of their feal hers, and I gathered about L'tM) 

 pounds of Ih.in. 



Gale bird is their most common name, because they arc 

 always seen in a gale or when .-ecu it'.- a siu.11 Ihat a giile is 

 coming, but all ISew London and Xeu Bedford sailors call 

 them "whale birds." 



The ice partridges were with u- from Juna 1 to Sept. I. 

 Some of the men called Ihem while paddies. They are a 

 guide for the sailors lo show ihem where the seals are on the 

 ice. They ate meat and the seeds of the cabbage. They 

 were very tame; we could kill them with sticks, and some- 

 times 1 shot them from my cabin; their meal was very 



* Cruel; /.(.., wonilerfnl. 



