KrrsMiiER 8, 1881. 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



109 



1 : target. Hence, by using elevated sights we gain 

 nee ml vantage in any range. 



ighi, ard I claim it. to ask thia one simple 



Ijjei f all ' Iwn ! U:\ el " shoo'ers : 



\ lal a e y. >u going to do a' out it?" 



| |yj| is considered from l lie Centre of Ibe ball-bole and not 



from lbe cu! of the ball. All my error* mentioned above are 



Regarded, and are measured from the line of sight and are 



B&jttcal, aud not from the base of the irajec ory. 1 have 



nil- circles a little less diameter than I am author- 



: when considering the actual results of the strong- 



i'i ..lien heavily loaded, as is the custom for 



■" range," "mid range," and hunting purposes, and 



id i mmuaitlon, or its equivalent in lead (the express 



and with "FG" powder, the same which is 



lly used I t long ranges. Th i gre i i r of the er- 



• mi trio .i, aiing the four ranges to flxd the 



ideal one) embraces the "long-range" trajectories for tin se 



short disl inces. In all cases I have sought to put the mini- 



rutini errors down to about the very lowest point in practice. 



possibly ''}' some cxtrm, iala they may bo reduced a mite, 



Hbsuck extremes I reject as being worthless in common 

 practice— they beg the tiuc question. The weaker shooting 

 BSbjS, or where the charge of powder is reduced for tnfi same 

 rifle, will show nrnre eiror th.n r present— peihaps double, 

 I am satisfied that the average hunting curve fir different 

 ■oerally used in hunting; with light loads of pOW- 

 will not differ much from the long-range curve or errors 



invite all fair and honest criticism, but must ins ; st on the 

 Ue facts being given. General comment and "glit- 

 icralitics" will not suffice: the public is surfeited 

 c already and calls for facts— mere facts — every 



ir plain ru'es in "aiming the hunting rifle wiih opeu 

 its," and the reason for it, see Foiutivr ami Sti:eam and 



and Gt'N of March 3, 1881. 

 J.E TEN-YARDS TRAJECTORY A CURVE.— Fear- 

 that this arlicle may prove dry, I will now offer some- 

 re'y new, at least it was to me until I worked it 

 ;DUt. It has a direct bearing on the subject of rifle curves 

 and T have no doubt will be read with deep interest by many. 

 1 present the fa ll i.f the rifle ball for each yard when fired 

 horizontally for leu yards (only), coininencingat the muz/.le, 

 for Sharps long-range Creedmoor rifle, model of '70, iOu 

 grains powder s 530 g.ains lead. .01 inches elevation, velocity 

 Efbiil et about 1,400 fee per second. 



Tr e fall at ten yards 1 find to be nearly 1-10 of an inch 

 lOr.U'.i?::.. -Mr. VV. E. Metfotd, of England, a Student Of 

 i'ii,.i i, ii and a maker of good Express rifles, stales the 

 fall to be ,! of an incli for twelve yards for the "average-" 

 long-range ii Me, thus showing but .006 in. difference in our 

 work. The fall or drop, therefore, for ten yards is here set- 

 tled. Below I give the fall or drops of lire bullet, in decimals 

 I i iches al each yard of the range, also the height of the 

 m at five yards, or mid-range. I ami! the other 



h'-v, die curve as unimportant; they are regular fsee 



curve :.', diagram ). 



Yard:-. Fall 01 Ball. Height ot Curve. 



and Gcsof July 8, 18*0. I desire to most heartily thank 

 him h r bis trouble and the us- ful Information he ha* imparted 

 aud I hope he will next send as the falls of the ball for the 

 different ranges. 1 endorse bis recommendation on the trial 

 of rifles. 



It is very rare indeed that, we find such accurate and im- 

 portant experiments, lie seems to be a master of bis sub- 

 ject, and if he handles his rifle bi ly half as well among the 

 mountains and grizzlies as he dues across a stump woe unto 

 them when he pulls ibe trigger. 



Awe lUirlidlt, N,,r. YorC 



.015SW 

 0B492S 



.men 

 .omts 



.0TSSI3 

 ,09",S=l-1tl 



Here we cap see what the fail of the bullet is from the 

 muzzle at cacti yaid for the 10 yards, and each space or fall 

 H strictly in accordance with the law of gravity previously 



Pnoor.— Squaring ihe numbers representing the yardp, and 

 regarding these squares as the squares of the timi -s, any one 

 of the drops or falls is 10 any other of the drops or fads, as 

 ' ires of Ihe Corresponding limes. 



Etannp'e— .003027 .008757 : : -1 : 9. 



JWherc the product of the extreme, equals the product of 

 the means, and so for all the others, according to the law of 

 gravity. 



k At 1 yard the fall is over f 0000) nine-ten thousanths of an 

 Pi ■'" Syardsdi is f.02432'0, when reduced (1-40) one- 



BOructh of an inch, which is also the height of the curve 

 a'-ove as base at fjya-ds, when ihe rifle is fired under the 

 proper elevation o) .0) of «., inch. Al 10 yards it is 0ft73 

 when reduced i early Ihe (1 .'()) uue-i. nth -tan inch (and 1-9, 

 1-10, l-i I, 142, M 3, may be regarded as ihe limits of fall 

 generally lor rife-). These stubborn facte, as I ho'd them 

 approximate y 10 be, serve to throw an electric, light light 

 into the veiy icce.ss of ibis dark retreat, which bw been bo 

 long the exact hiding place of the lens of thousands who 

 have wntlcna'd talked so much, and vet so erroneously, 

 upo-, ibis subject. 



> The draw lig here presented is full size in vertical projec- 



WS't „ .1 W ? ^an readily see (curve 1) Ihe opening caused by 

 the all of the hall from the line of fire, A 1), wh n the rifle is 



Bed horizontally, also the opening between A D and the curve 



Bt , fc " - r . is urtti Ul| der tne proper elevation, .01 inch. 

 Both trajectories lie far below (.72,6675 in , the line of sight, 

 ftetiee the. e.is »o p-jint-hliuik under ihe definition, and ibe 

 rill • shoots p., > low, a- fully explained in my previous article 

 tin point-lilaiik or trajectories. 



WKow, wber- docs "dead level," " aiming right on" or 



iioatina olong the line of fire or pointing of the 



It upon the figures in the. table, and the 



Hjlfaiviig also, and place your fiuger upon this point if you 



Then, 1 pray you, let us hear no more of "straight shoot- 

 ing, ^ either :;,'>. g lie line of lire or ihe line of sight, for there 

 can he no such ilong, a law of nature forbids it. And let us 

 hear no more in our spotting journals ol "dead level siehts " 

 a flea-l level sbnoting," aud ..f "aiming dead on" as a 

 rule, for these delusive ideas are but "-twin sisters" to 

 - ' : "" tl »re generally used to convey that idea 



ijl courage is wanting to plainly -a-sert it. llercu 



you see one (-real object „t ibis article- it is to try and blot 



out i hose pern eious phrases which tend SO Strongly to lead 



P e Beginner m rifle shooting into the seductive paths of 



ii 1 would specially invite the attention of your 

 w'.'iV !." , '"'"•valuable experiments on tr- jeetories made 

 - -. ° Mrratana [territory, a tlhtioguished hunter, r.»- 



;'";"' i 1 ", J " M| ''"'^l" '• I BtfVK e.v. 



, .'"' ' " ; n: '" 1 ' ■' ''•'!.' ' : -' ' ' ; 'i" :: i ami compared 



KJJi.,. ' ! ni '" " n ~'""" * toil -.iCjee,, and I 8 ni 



I From a Special Correspondent; 

 OVER THE SEA. 



•rtilf CI.EVES lNTBHNATIONAI- Sl'OP.TIXo EXHIBITION. 



LoHpojr, England, Aug. 17. 

 Editor Forest and Stream: 



Well, here I am back In old London again, just in from 

 Gleves. Have y.ui ever been to Cloves? I rath r looked to 

 see you there this year, for, as a representative of the great 

 body of American sportsmen, you would have been ereatly 

 interested in an exhibition they have been holding there. 

 Cleves, you must know, is a tepresentative Prus-ian citv, 

 barring that its castle is now used as a house ol correction. 

 The sunoundings of the town are most pieiurcMtue. 1 1 you 

 are ev. r in the vicinity take my advice and visit < 'levcs. 



My trip was m_a:e especially to inspect the lagtf-Ausitl. 

 lung, an international di.-p ay of sponing implements and 

 accessories, given under the direction of laie ThuUclwn Jagd- 

 ochutt Vo-ntts, the President of which society is Prince 

 Hohenloe-L'ingenburg. 



I cannot detail the many objects of interest which I saw 

 here, and sh dl content myself will biiefly referring to the 

 most important features. The display is arranged in two 

 buildings of appropriate cesigu, erected in a lante grove, find 

 compn.-is ten i lasses, the principal one, of course, consisting 

 i f firearms, aecient and modern. Too curious old arms pre- 

 sent a strange contivst to the ner.pons of to-day, but there is 

 a fineness of eng-aving and finish about some of them which 

 our modern makers do not attempt to mrpa s. The difference 

 is also notable between the German and our English guns, the 

 former being uniformly heavier, and vastly more cumber- 

 some. Our Teuton friends app • ar to put mote stre-s on 

 el;i borate oruamenlation than upon lightness and case of 

 manipulation. Perhaps this exhibition 'may be productive of 

 improvement among the German gunmakers Among for- 

 eign representations I noticed guns from Belgium, Holland, 

 England and America. 



One very interesting ehvs of exhibits is that of deer and 

 other horns. Here are some nias-mficent specimens of the 

 antlers of the red deer, some of fourteen and sixteen points, 

 and oth-rs of strangely abnormal and fantastic growth! 

 There are nearly 1,000 specimens of roe deer horns, one sep- 

 arate collection of them having been in process of accumu- 

 lation since I80rf, aud comprising many strangely formed 

 growths. Then there are sauibur, fallow deer, carib io 

 moose, elk, buffalo, chamois, antelope, the Bos mn;.r/,- t !tx is 

 deer and rhinoceros horns, and — one of the two horns of a di- 

 lemma. 



I must not forget the furniture made from horns, some of 

 which is exceptionally fine. The chars, tables and other 

 articles in this class are composed wh illy or in part of the 

 homs and hoofs of various members of the b vine race, and a 

 most band.-ome set could be procured for the sanctum of the 



FOBBST AND StUEAM. 



Furs, skins and rugs made from them constitute nnolher 

 class, the wolf, fox, tiger, lion, bear, buffalo, and in fact 

 every beast that man has ever slain being well represented. 

 In my opinion Scandinavia is ahead in 'this class; perhaps 

 because they use fur so extensively up there. 



The Norwegian sledges aud karhl too arc wdl worth study- 

 ing. In the « agon class are aho several examples of game 

 wagons, the German and Dulch exhibits being less novel. 

 Iu the making of glass ball traps Germa-.y has much to 1 arn 

 yet, and 1 should imagine that some of your euterprising 

 American makers could find an extensive market for the 

 very admirably constructed traps you hive. 



The Cieves exhibition contains many fine specimens of oil 

 paintings picturing the various pu, s s of ihe chase; some 

 magnificently carved furniture depict ug wild life, and nu- 

 merous articles of sportsman's bric-a-brac On the whole ihe 

 oisp ay is a creditable aud entertaining one. 



A U.0 WILD BEAST I'KliSKllVE. 



Who is M. Bombonrel?" That is the qnest'on which 

 greeted my tars ibe olh r day. 1 don't know, i xc pt that he 

 is of Dij ii, in Algeria, if that is any added information Rut 

 Rombonnel is an e .terprisitg fellow, ami if his magnificent 

 scheme, nf which, be publish, s ihe prospectus in tlie Daily 

 mwn, only "paes out"' well— to use an Atmrica-dsm- -he 

 may yet be known to a'l Europe. This grand scheme is noth- 

 ing more nor less thm a huge game preserve in Algi ria. A 

 large turest dis.rict has been leased, in which our friend 

 ag.e- s to ke. p a good sbi c'; of old and broken down animals, 

 Such, as goats, horses, mules and a-ses, wh cb will bwv'b as 

 b its for lions and tigers and panthers, wheb are expected to 

 take up their permanent abode and iirroi-c and multiply in 

 Ihe fa -messes of the leased forest. Here HI. Eumbonnel "pro- 

 poses to erect aboot-ng boxes for his patrons ; the amal, urs 

 and ladies to have ? hel or d ambuscidc3, and op-n stands for 

 "sturdy sportsmen for whom the c aws of donsaud panthers 

 have no fern r-." As M. Bomb umell v ill keep his preserves 

 well bai'ed with the wild bore- s, etc., aforesa d, he is Willi g 

 to guar ntee that •' fp risme.i and sportswomen shall al vays 

 be withiu gun-hot of hyenas, jackals, lynxes a d liger cats." 

 with the accessories of a good cellar trod a first-class chef. l\ 

 will cost but a fraction of what some of our miglnv English 

 hunters annually expend iu thi-tr quest of blood. The terms 

 are $400 m advance for two months per annum for five years 

 Do you want a press ticket to the •' Algedin Lion and Paa- 

 tner Hunting Preserve '> ' 



the oe.orsE MOORS. 

 All England is now grouse .-hooli.g. That is to say, all 

 spoi-'ing kngland, whic i, after all, is not qualifying, for all 

 England enters the field on the 'T\ve fib," ami ttanga away 

 at the birds. It i^ expensive business, too . that is if v»'n 

 must have the best sport. And that costs money. ' Q-rous ■ 

 sbootimr, like most forms ofspnri. is chiefly for rich men 

 floors that range in rent from t-MOO to C3Q0 are not within 

 the reach - -f every one, find sportsmen uncustomed lo lar-'n 

 bags naturally despise Bi&ul! om=,. As indolence in- lasei 

 and grouse become wild, the pasiimeof driving bet 

 i ' I 



i 



A| yre.urjd, prt-r. , . -, ^gjmpj 



arc c imforl ably set'lel in nffn.U behind s' one walls. Tbc 

 beaters go round in advance, and then cross the moor shout- 

 ing and making as much noise as possble. The grouse, 

 which perhaps could have be"ii approached n no other way. 

 Hi -n with astonishing rapidity over the heads of fbe men 

 lyinM in aniliiish, and a good deal of experience and skill are 

 needed to bring them down. AVhen should one shool ? be- 

 fore Ihe grouse reach you 't and how much before? aud how 

 far in advance hy way of calculating for pace? are questions 

 the novice nsks, bul only practice can answer them. As i his 

 sort of shooting d. mands no e.veriion, no walking, except 

 from one ambush to another, it is deservedly popular with 

 ihe lazy gunm r. But even poor men, I hough they ea-'iiot 

 aspire to large bags and to (hiving may get a little sh oting 

 and phnty of waiting fori heir mom yon farms in the Scotch 

 border conn tries, especially, perhaps, in the neighborhood of 

 the Cheviots. A stock farmer may have taken the shooting 

 on his farm, aud may sublet it, or a farmer who owns a little 

 estate of bis own at a distance from the place where he lives 

 maybe ready to let the shooting. There is gem rally a d lli- 

 cutyabait getting aeeomnvdation, but young and earnest, 

 men do not disdain a shepherd's hut, and' arc even ready to 

 ride on ponies ten miles or so to the scene of action. They 

 make sum 1 and excessively mixed bags— three brace of 

 grouse, a couple of snipe. I wo or three hares and the like- 

 but then tin y pay very little for their pleasure, and they lay 

 in a large stock of hedlb, andfind themselves in p c'tiresque 

 scenes and places famous in border history, which othi rwise 

 they wouhl not have vi-ited. With youth and eagerness on 

 their side perhaps these humble gunners enjoy iheniselves as 

 much as teuauts who pay tbons nds for moors aud forests." 



A SMART GiMTJSE TRICK. 



But the men who p iy for ihe best shouting grounds do not 

 always send the best birds to their friends in t wn. There's 

 many a slip. Let me illustrate by recalling a curious swindle 

 which was not long ago exposed. A father and three broth- 

 ers wcie serving as guards on one of the northern lines of 

 ralway. The-e men bought from keepers, through the 

 ag ncy of a confederate, who shared in the profits of the 

 swudle, all the poor grouse which could be obtained, 

 "cheepers," "piners," and "cripples" espec ally. These 

 birds, by arrangement, were carefully packed and'eonsigned 

 to a dealer in ihe South. Half a dozen hampers, say, having 

 been filled with these outcasts of ihe moors, and duly labeled 

 and sent to Ihe station, were ' perated upon as soon as th-. train 

 started by two of the brothers who regularly (raveled by the 

 train as guards : these men open' d afl the other hampers of 

 grouse sent by the sime irain, and selecting the largest and 

 fattest birds, replaced them with "piners" or "cheepers." 

 Boxes consigned t-i private individuals were first op- rated 

 upon, b cause persons who recdve presents of grouse do not 

 usually look their gift-horse iu the mouth, and, therefore, in 

 acknowledging rec ipt of such a present, say nothing about 

 the quality of the birds. Dealers, of course, are not , o reti- 

 cent, and credit the account of the senders wiih the prices only 

 which the liir s are worth. The trick was, however, worked 

 iu this way. The grouse sent as presents to private persons 

 were first selected ; and, if there were not enough of these, 

 the bir.ls were changed and changed all round, till even the 

 d alers could hardly make a complaint. The fine, heavy 

 half do'Z n brace of plump birds consigned to Lady A were 

 at once seized upon by the two guards ; but they could rot 

 put in their very "starvelings," b cause Lady A." was a judire 

 of grouse. So they operated ou all the other hampers till 

 they worked r iind, until iu the <-i d, of the thousands of 

 birds sent f rth hy that particular train, the create de I oreme 

 of the lot were found to be, consigned to Messrs. O, P and 

 Q-, the consignees being X., T. and Z., or, say, Inverdeen. 

 The price paid for "cheepers" was at 'he rat^ of about 6d. 

 per bird, the price credited was nearly 8$. per brace— a most 

 excellent ra e of profit certaii lv, aud the rascals kept it up 

 until they played it once too often. . 



A VETERAN GEOTJSB SHOOTER. 



Itis wonderful how some of our veteran grouse ki'lers do 

 stick tothe moirsyearaf eryear. I notice that my old friend, 

 Mr. Horatio lioss, of Wyvis Lodge, Evanton, Inverness, is 

 out aga n this year for his sixty-seventh season. In a recent 

 letter he says: 



•'Onco mure (probably the last time) I liave the satisfactiou of 

 ordering the arjimuuition for the dear old Twelfth. Sixty-seven 

 years have passed since I first made siriiiiiu- m rnn^ecjeiits | I was 

 out all day .Monday and Tuesday, trving to j,vt astag as my son 

 Edward is to be here to-morrow : saw plenty of deer, but failud iu 

 getting a shut. To-morrow I shall be out bet'.. re three a. ar. if we 

 etui see. I find I can still go up a hill with perfect ease and com- 

 fort (thauk tlfod for such health). 



There is a British constitution for you. Can you match it 

 America? I doubt it. 



AN ATt'rnMNAL CAT WAIL. 



Our Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to 

 Animals are now, as usual at this season of the year, appeal- 

 ing to London cat-ovners to see to it that theanlmalsare not 

 left to Btarve in town. Now, doubtless the Society is right, 

 but as one of our weeklies pertinently puts the case', It 

 is Impossible to keep a cat witnin hounds like a dog; and, 

 except in rare cases, nobody lakes the same amount of 

 trouble about tie first as the sec nd. It could tcarcely 

 happen that anybody would leave a dog ownerless to wander 

 about the slreets while In was away from honip, or that a 

 dog should be shut up in an empty house without food. 

 But this is a common fate for Loudon cirs in ihe autumn ■ 

 and although I hey have a straiuje way "f netting on under 

 precarious conditions of life, they must undergo a gnat 

 amOuUt of suffering, and I see no remedy for the trouble, la 

 niv next letter I shall have s .mething to say about the year's 

 work ot the Society. 



A ItKI'tiTfiERATOit Snip. 



We have in Queer.slown llarb r a novel slr'p, the owners 

 being a French firm, M. M. Cabissol et Cie, of Ma-scillcs. 

 She is a fishiug schooner of the carrying capacity of l.OoO 

 tons and is loaded with salmon and I rout trom" Labrador. 

 She carries two sleam launches for fishing ; and Ihe pecul- 

 iarity of her construction is that her holds are refrigerated 

 and hermetically sealed. One of her officers writes to the 

 Times : 



"I have eaten at drjeu.ntr a beefsteak quite fre-h and 

 palatable after being ou board four im-nibs, although not 

 part cularly ten k-r, aud I have hrougbt; ashore a he-nliful 

 salmon, frozen stiff, which is warranted to be fit for dinner 

 to-morrow. But the chief thing I wish to bring und. r your 

 notice is, iliat this V68 el can come here for orders and wait 

 as easily as if she c.rricd grain. She can go \ L-ndon, 



l-'V'ri 1, Rou-11 (for I'ars), or BVfill Bombay, and sell nflr 



0-iTgii 111 hirgeorsiniill q lantiie, .Hii|.,,n W1 y ieai Df tttilt- 

 tinjf the market. 8b« can bring ft-h o'l one i ■ ■"■ ■• •■> |i--h> 



rh'sre the ii|,.- ', 

 Hee.l ||e |g i n n ia 



««y of bispginu i of !*-•#, if., iki lauld, 'l*Utt$ 



