274 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[NoVBMBXB 3, 1881. 



doubt the treaty will be annulled. The Americans had no 

 statistics to show what the value of their markets were to 

 the fishermen of the Proviices; but now, thanks to the labors 

 of Professors Baird and Goode, they can show how many 

 fish ate yearly consumed, where they come from, and what 

 their values are. '1 ho Toronto Globe may scold and call 

 names, but it will require more than these to convince the 

 people of the United States they were not cgregiously taken 

 in by the Halifax award, their flshermem having to fight to 

 obtain that which has been paid for. 



What the Globe denounces as "taking advantage of a tech- 

 nicality," in the proportion to abrogate the treaty after two 

 years notice, is simply the plain followiiig of the terms of 

 the agreement. It was provided that the treaty should lust 

 ten full years, and then afterward two years notice might be 

 given by either of the contracting pirties, and at the expira- 

 tion of that time it should no longer exist, thus making it 

 actually last for twelve years. The term was to be dated 

 from the time when the necessary legislation had been en- 

 acted by the Parliaments of Great Britain and the Dominions 

 of Canada, the Legislature of Prince Edwards Island and the 

 Congress of the United States. Although the treaty of 

 Washington was ratified in June, 1871, the different govern- 

 ments did not enact the "necessary legislation" until some 

 time after, the United States being last, the Act of Congress 

 not being approved until March 1, 1873, the proclamation of 

 thePiesident being dated July 1, 1873. Therefore, the only 

 Taiional construction to put upon this question is that the 

 "full ten years" are to date frum the President's proclama- 

 tion, which gave effect to the treaty, and this will be on July 

 1, 1888. How this can be construed into "taking advantage 

 of a technicality" is not very plain, but the Globe so de- 

 nounces it. Its claim that the Canadian Government al- 

 lowed the American fishermen to enjoy the privileges of the 

 treaty after June 17, 1871, or as soon as it was ratified, seems 

 hardly possible, for they have not allowed them all the priv- 

 ileges to i his day, and as the Canadian proclamation was not 

 made until June 7. 1873, it is liable to the suspicion that they 

 never were in a hurry to confer these favors which have been 

 so grudgingly bestowed since. 



There is"no use in quarreling over the subject, Both sides 

 are dissatisfied with the treaty and the only sensible thing to 

 do is to live peaceably under it until the time comes when it 

 can be legally terminated, and then to make a new one. 

 But the Globe can rest assured that when the new one is made 

 it will be very different from the treaty of Washington, and 

 contain other provisions than those which ruled at the Hali- 

 fax arbitration, where the benefits were all on one side. We 

 hope that the Globe will cool off in the meantime, and stop 

 calling names. 



THAT MACKEREL BOUT. 



.1. M. 8. EXPLAINS. 



Camokn,;N. J., Oct. 25. 



I READ with much delight J. S. M.'s account of blue- 

 fishing at Cape May with Capt. Foster, alueit he is con- 

 spicuously inexact wi.en he says that I "snored so loud he 

 thought we were near the automatic buoy '." The fact is, it 

 was Douglas who caused the right to reverberate with the 

 ore rotunclo sound of the snoring nostrils. Had these callow 

 youths, these youthful apostles of Coke upon Littleton, at- 

 tempted, as alleged, to grease tbe Colonel's nose with lard- 

 oil or any other kind of Oil, they — J. 8. M. and the Douglas 

 "tender and true"— would have found themselves over- 

 board—for it was a calm, still night — and tasting more water 

 than they had either indulged in during the summer festivi- 

 ties at Cape May. 



But, badinage aside, J. 8. M. dots not exaggerate the 

 glories of bluefishing. Twenty miles from land,'a stiff breeze, 

 and pulling in the fish as fast, as one's poor lacerated fingere 

 can hnul them in, is sport which the Norse Kings might have 

 drank in joyfully in Northern seas. I liave caught the 

 bounding salmon in the Bay oF Chaleur, but it does not beat 

 pulling in a game fish like a red drum weighing forty pounds. 

 But of this I will tell you next week. TUc richness of Cape 

 May as a fishing ground is only beginning to be appreciated. 



J. M a. 



P. 8.— That Druglas did bribe the lightship officer with a 

 pocketful of cigars to hook and haul in his mackerel is one 

 of the truths of history. 



Cokreotioss— Columbus, O., Oct. 29, 1881.— Editor Forest 

 and Stream: In my letter in this week's Pokbst ajtd 

 Stream you make me say, " Rip ran out of the water," etc. 

 It should have been " Rip, rare, out of the water," etc. In 

 my letter of the 13th, eighth line from commencement, the 

 word " to " is left out between "and all." In the middle of 

 the article the word " Lounir" should be " Lonnis. Further 

 down, the word " its " is left out between " that length " — 

 " The only drawback is that its length is only," etc.; and 

 about three-fourths of the way through, "He we find," 

 etc , should have been " Here we find." These errors may 

 be excusable, but they do seem to me to be a little thick. 

 For Heaven's sake fix the thing so that if " Rip ran out of 

 the water," he may have a chance to " Rip, rare," back 

 again. — Fhank N. Bkebk, 



A Nbw Rebl. — We have spen a new reel for bass fishing, 

 called the "O'Haver and OBannon reel." It multiplies ten 

 times, and is claimed to be as smoo'h in its running as any 

 made. It has a click and a break, both of which can be 

 thrown in and out of gear by small levers. It is made by 

 Waren O'Haver, Indianapolis, Ind , but has not yet been put 

 on the market. 



Rare Fisiibs.— Last week Mr. Blackford bad upon hi3 

 stand in Fulton Market a " moonfish," Purfphippux faber, 

 which was caustht in New York harbor near Governor's Island 

 in a seine which was hauled for bass aud other fish. This 

 fish is seldom found in New York wa'ers. This week he 

 had a Conned icut river shad which was taken at Sdybrook, 

 Conn., on Oct. 25, a rare fish at this time of year. 



^ffisl{cttUttre. 



Mobile, Ala., Sept. 29, 1881. 



Editor Forest and Stream : 



When von good-naturedly censure Mr. W. W. Wood for hie ful- 

 some flights of "Forester" fancies, you are evidently unaware 

 that this gush may he a matter of business to that gentleman. I 

 understand that he is interested in pushing the sale of "For- 

 mer's" books, and if bo, he is perfectly justified in trumpeting 

 hia devotion to that writer. He is doubtless making a handsome 

 thing out of it. But, alas I poor Yoriek. That Herbert's fame 

 should he thus employed to fill the purBe of a speculator m his 

 works is indeed a sad commentary on the mercenary spirit of the 

 age. Let me, at least, utter my protest against it. 



A 30-xbabb' Aumiakr ov "Fokkbtbb." 



[Continued from page 150.] 

 EPOCHS IN TIIE HISTOHY OF FI8HCULT0RE. 

 By Pkok. G. Bnows Goode. 

 OVI. 1878— Captures of Planted Sttful. in California Rivers.— 

 In the year 1878 over a thousand shad were caught in the Sacra- 

 mento River, CaL, being fish planted in 1871 by Seth Green for 

 the California Fish Commission, or of others seut in subsequent 

 years by tho TJ. 8. Fish Commission. [Report D. S. F. 0., VI. , p. 



CVli. 1878— Capture of Planted Shad in the Ohio and Missis- 

 sippi Rivers anrl. the Rivers of Alabama.— In the spring of 1878 

 several hundred shad, doubtless from those planted Iu 1»72, were 

 taken iu Ohio River at Lowville. These were derived from a de- 

 posit of i0,000 made bv Seth Green in the Allegheny River, aud 

 bv Wm. (lift at Salamanca, N. Y., in 1872, in behalf of and at the 

 expense of the U. S Fish Com. Others taken at Madison, Ind. ; 

 Mt. Oarim-l. HI.; Htoubenville, Ohio ; Nashville, Teuu. Shad were 

 taken also in tho Coosa River, Ala. [Report TJ. g. F. 0,, VI., p. 



CVIII. 1*78— Tlw Successful Propagation, of Cod.— la the fall 

 of 1S78 an experiment of propagating codfish was carried on by 

 the TJ. S Fish Com. at Gloucester, under tho supervision of Mr. 

 3. W. Milner aud Capt. H. C. Chester. About 9,250,000 eggB 

 were obtained, and about 1,5 0,000 were hatched out and turned 

 into the harbor, where iu the subsequent years young cod have 

 beeu unusually numerous. [Rep. U. S. F.C., VL, p. xviii., p. 

 725,] 



CIX. 1878— Establishment of Vie. Tennessee Fish Commission.— 

 la February, lc-78, Gov. Porter appointed three fish commission- 

 ers for the State. They were : W. W. McDowell, of Memphis; 

 Geo. F. Akers, of Nashville, and W. T. Turiey, of Kuoxville. No 

 money has been appropriated, aud the Commissioners have done 

 some "work at their own personal expense. 



CX. 1878— Establishment of (he Utah Fish Commission.— The 

 Utah Fish Commission was created by Aet of the Legislature, 

 February 22, 1878. Albert P. Rockwood was appointed Commis- 

 sioner. "No money had bean appropriated up to 1880. 



CXI. 1879— Artificial, Propagation of the Haddock.— -In May, 

 1879, the eggs of tho haddock were successfully fertilized and 

 large numbers of youug were hatched by M r. 11. E Earll at the 

 U. S. FiBh Com. (station in Gloucester, [Rep, TJ, S. F. C, VI., p. 

 730] 



CXII. 1879 — Invention of the McDonald Fishway.—hx Au- 

 gust, 1878, Col. M. McDonald, Fish Commissioner of Virginia. 

 devised a form of tishway different in principle from all previous, 

 by means of which the water from tho dam la delivered down a 

 straight incline sluiceway at au auglo of 30 deg. without practical 

 acceleration of velocity. [Renort Va. Fi-b Com., 1879.] 



GXIII. 1879— Establishment oj 'tht 'South Carolina Fish Commis- 

 sion. — A Fish Commission for South Carolina was created by Act of 

 the Legislature, approved Dec. 23, 1878. On Dec. 23, 1»79, it 

 was continued under the direction of the Department of Agricul- 

 ture, A. P. Butler, Commissioner. In 1»79 $800 was appropriated 

 and $661. GO was expended. No special appropriation has eiuce 

 been made, the expenses being met by the Department of Agricul- 

 ture. 



CX1V. 18VJ— Establishment of the Xehraskt Fish Commission. 



CSV, 1879— Establishment of the Texas Fish Commission. 



OXVI. \m-Esud,Hshme,,t of the Wyoming Fish GommUrsm. 

 —The Wyoming Fish Commission was established by au act 

 passed iu December, 1879, which provided for the appointment of 

 a Commissioner, with such depnties throughout the Territory as 

 he might choose to appoint, aud appropriated §1,600 for the pur- 

 pose for the two years ending December, 1881. Henry B. Rumsey 

 waa appointed i 'oininissioner, and he appointed Dr. M. C. Barck- 

 weU aud Otto Gramm as deputies. 



OXYIl. 1879— Organization of the Central Fithcullural Society. 

 —This socetv held its first meeting at the Palmer House, Chicago, 

 Oct. I, 1879, iu pursuance to a call by B. F. Shaw and F. Mather. 



OX VIII. 1880 — The Building 6/ the Fish It itching Steamer, Fish 

 Baick.— In 1880, tho steamer Fish Hawk, built ny the United 

 States Government for tho service of hatchmg fifth on a very ex- 

 toiisive scale, was launched at Wilmington, Del. 



CX1X IsSO— The Sarressful Propagation of the Spanish Mack- 

 erel.— la. June and July, 1880, tbe Spanish mackerel waa success- 

 fully propagated by Mr." R. E. Earll, at Crisfield, Md., at the same 

 time the King i ero. 



1880— The Propagation of the, Moonfish (Parephippusfaber.)— 

 At the same time and same place the mooulish was hatched. 



CXX. 1880— Tli.e International Fishery Exhibition ai Ilei-lin.— 

 From March 20 to June 20, IH80, the International Fishery Exhibi- 

 tion was held in Berlin, Germany. The Exhibition, though gen- 

 eral iu its scope, was intrinsically a fishcultural exhibition, the 

 chief interest being concentrated in those matters which relate to 

 the culture and preservation of fish. 



The prizes in tishculture were distributed as foUows : 



Gold Medal. Silvor Medal. Bronze Medal. Hon. Mention. 

 United States.. 6 112 



Germauy 3 1 3 11 



Russia, 1 1 1 



Norway — 1 1 



Sweden — 1 — — 



Austria — — 1 — 



Switzerland — — 1 — 



TURBOT AND SOLES FOR AMERICAN WATERS. 



UNDER the head of " Fishcultural Notes," last week, we noted 

 that the Cunard steamer Partbia, winch left Liverpool on Oct, 

 15, had some live tnrbot aud soles for Prof. Baird, United States 

 Fish Commissioner, aud was expected to arrive as we went to 

 mess. Prof. Baird has advised his assistant, Mr. Mather, of the 

 lutended shipment by Mr. C. L. Jackson, of Bolton, England, and 

 requested him to cousult with Mr. E. G. Blackford, of the New 

 York Fish Commission, and Mr. Baxnot Phillips, Secretary of the 

 American Fishcultural Association, aud get their advice and opin- 

 ion as to the best place to deposit the iish, iu case they arrived 

 alive. These gentlemen agreed that the western end of Long 

 Island, about Jamaica and Sheepshead bays, would bo the moot 

 suitable, especially near the latter bay, as there are no pound nets 

 there, and their greatest enemy would ho the codfish, which forage 

 all along our coast. It was agreed that if the New York Fishery 

 Commission had decided upou their place of operations on Long 

 Island, theo it would bo better to make largo pens, or oars with 

 sandy bottoms, aud keep the fish for a mouth or more and feed 

 them before tnruing them loose. But the X. Y. F. O. had not 

 met, and consequently it was uncertain what would he done hi 

 the direction of establishing a hatchery and salt water station, BO 

 the fish were voted to be better off to ho turned out and take their 

 chances. 



Prof. Baird had obtained from the Treasury Department an 

 order to use the revenue steamer Grant, if not otherwise engaged, 

 and when the Parth a made her dock at 9 a u. on Oct. 27, Capt. 

 Feugar, of the Grant, who had followed her up the bay, made fast 

 at the end of the pier. A hail to the Partbia brought the. doleful 

 answer, "Only nine fish alive;" aud on boarding the ship we found 

 them in charge of Mr. A, W. Armlstead, brother of Mr. J. J. Arm- 

 lstead, proprietor of the celebrated trout pouds, whose address is 

 Douglass Hall, near Dalbeattie, Scotland. 



Mr. Armistead started with seventy soles and thirty-five tnrbot, 

 which were sent by Mr. Jackson, a large manufacturer of Bolton, 

 a friend of Prof. Baird, and at one time naturalist of the great 

 Aquarium at Souhport. Mr. Jackson has taken great Interest in 

 p ocunng such flsheB for America, and furnished those which Mr. 

 Mather attempted to bring in 1878, when out of th rty ho only 

 put out two in Massachusetts Bay, the rest being killed by the 

 the boaetswaiu by cold water. [Rep.U. B. F. C, 1877, pp. 867-873,] 



Mr. Armistead lost most of his llsh tho second day out, as will be 

 8e-n by the fo lowing table, and thinks that they were injured by 

 the jar of tbe railway between the Aquarium at Southpuit, where 

 they had been confined lor some time iu order to accustom them 

 to coutinement, and Liverpool. His record is : 



Oct. 14, isHl.— Teinper.i i.ure of water af. souiJiport Aquarium *8# 

 ilea, fiibreniioir. sip^citl' gravity, f. aVfr. 



Shipped seventy soles unu thirty-five turbot. 

 Temp. Water In Tanks. | 



1881. Momlug. Atternoon. | ^specific ynivity. Died. 



BEO. 



OCt. 10 n4i<j- 



OCt, IT 56 



OCt. IB 61 



Oct. 19. t>6# 



. SO 



oer. 

 out. 21 . , 



Oct. 22 59 



Oct. 2.1 55 



Oct. 24 51 



oca w sit 



Oct 26 56 



MX 

 5SX 

 B74jj 



■•;■« 



| Morale: 



5 SS 



5.2S 



M6 



6.25 



OS 



6.25 



5.25 



5.25 



6.25 



5.26 



5.25 



B.*5 



6.25 



5.25 



0.55 



5.25 



5.25 



5.25 



5.26 



5.25 



Total .' , 70 35 



On October 24 and 26 the tanks were not filled, owing to i he high 

 temperature or the sea, 1l ranging trom 61 dig. to t;s deg. 



It will be seen from this that the tin hot stood the journey bet- 

 ter than the soles. Mr. Mather's experience in January, 1878, was 

 different. This Is the fourth attempt to ''ring soles to America, 

 Mr. Mather's venture in 1879 be ng a complete failure hom Ihe 

 h/ng journey from Sotnhport via Liverpool and Loudon lo South- 

 ampton by rail proving fatal to all these bob, which, being flat, cling 

 to the bottom and are bruised by every jar. [Rep. TJ. S. F. C, 

 1878, p. xiiv.] In April, 1880, Capt. Johu H. Mortimer, of the 

 ship Hamilton Fish, brought ove soles, out of nine seut by Mr. f. 

 ,1. Moore, of the Derby Jluseum, Liverpool, and these Mr. Black- 

 ford deposited just outside Bandy Hook. See Foiiebt and SrnnAar 

 Sept. 9, 1880. Vol, XV,, p. 107. 



Mr Annistead had his flsh in two oval wooden tankR five feet 

 x inches long, four feet Aide, aud two and one-half fuet deep. 

 These tanks were subdivided by cross-pieces into Join- spaces, to 

 keep the water from too violent motiou in a heavy sea. A cask 

 was set on top of each, aud while the water was only changed 

 once a day, it was oi ten circulated by lifting it iuto the casks on 

 top and allowing it to run back through a rubber lube. 



The turbot {Rhombus maximus) is a soft-rayed flat fish, whoae 

 lert side is of a brownish color and under or right sido white. 

 Without the tail its body is almost rouud. The common size of 

 the fish varies from five pounds to ten pounds weight, allhough 

 occasionally it attains to twenty pouuds and sometimes thirty 

 pounds. It is one of the most prolific fish kuowu. One weighing 

 twenty-three pounds was once found to contain a roe weighing 

 five pounds nine ounces, which contained H..- 11,200 eggs. The 

 rciijoritv of turbot are talc-n afoug the east coast of England and 

 the coast of Holland. It is caughl in trawl nets and also on lines, 

 the most taking bait being those fiohes of bright color, ihe sole 

 (Solea vulgaris) is also a s ift-rayed fiat fish, which, to the casual 

 eye, somewhat resembles tbe flounder. Its length varies tiom ten 

 to twenty inches. Its color is a uniform dark brown above aud a 

 white below, the pectoral being tippud with black. To the British 

 public soles are the most important of all bi a fishes, Littlo u 

 known of their habits. They are caught in great quantities off 

 tho coast of England iu the North Sea, where they weed. Both 

 fishes are considered great delicacies in England. The turbot is 

 always a cuuiral figure at a Loudon aldermuuic feast, aud is a fat 

 fish, "inferior as a boiled Iish, in our estimation, to the American 

 sheepshead (Arctiosaryus prol/atoctph'ilus). The solo is one of 

 the daintiest fishes in thu world, allowing us to judge as before, 

 and as a breakfast dish lew things equal lu delicacy a fried sole. 



At the dock Mr. Armistead was met by Mr. E. G. Blackford, of 

 the N. Y. F. C; Mr. Baruot Phillip*, of the American Fishcultural 

 ftBBOciatlon; Mr. John Foord, editor of tho N. Y. Times; Mr. 

 Franklin Satterthwaite, of the X. Y. Herald : Mr. E. R. Wilbur, of 

 I'uKi'-sr imi BtBraM ; representatives of the New York Him. Tri- 

 tium-, Express, World and Brooklyn Eagle, who accompanied the 

 Iish to their place of deposit. Twenty onus hid been placed on 

 the Grant the day before, aud Capt. Pengar had tilled them with 

 clean sea-water from outt-ido Sandy Hook. These were not used, 

 owing to the small number of fish. 



At 10:30 the Grant left the dock and procoeded down the bay. 

 the three gentlemen whom Prof. Baird had designated to select 

 the place of deposit wont below and Consulted tbe c.iptuiu's coast 

 charts in order to determine the exact spot. This they agreed 

 should be west of the inlet to Sheepshead Bay and between it, and 

 the Oriental Hotel, iu two fathoms of water. The day was a de- 

 lightful ouo, aud the steamer arrived off tho ground selected about 

 I v. a., and the water in the can was raised gradually to that of 

 tho sea, 57 degrees. Her draft of water prevented tne Grant from 

 getting in closer than three and one-half fathoms with safety, 

 and a boat was lowered, iuto which an officer, five men, Mr. 

 Mather aud Mr. Armistead took a small tin can in which the fiah 

 had boon brought from the ship without change, hnt with con- 

 stant aeration of the water by a aearnan with a dipper. The party 

 rowed in for three-quarters of a mile, ouo mau heaving the lead 

 until "Two fathoms" was called aud tho bout stopped. The can 

 was lifted overboard and the distinguished strangers were launched 

 into American waters in a place where saud-worms, shrimps aud 

 other delicacies which tickle the palates of the Pleuronectida! 

 abound. Returning to the steamer the party sat down to an ele- 

 gant lunch which had been sent on hoard by Mr. Blackford, and 

 they steamed away to the city. 



We have been favored with a eopy of the following letter from 

 Mr. Armistead to Mr. Jackson, which gives other details ; 



Steamjjb PABieiA, Oct. 26, 1881. 

 C. L. JACKSON) E«q., Bolton, England : 



My Dear Sir—It ib with sorrow that I have now to iuform you 

 of the sad ending or nearly all the tish. However, I do not think 

 it is by any means a lust journey for tho Auicricaus. From what 

 I have seen I feel satisfied tho "thing can be done. Inclosed you 

 will ttud au accouut I have kept showing changes of temperature, 

 losses, etc., which speaks for itself. You will uotice the iish began 

 to die very soon after leaving Liverpool, and when 

 them the" first thiug noticeable was their 

 when examined more closely I could (race sc 

 were not observed at tne bouthport Aquariu: 

 dent that the finhes must have bueu injured i 

 to the landing stage from Liverpool btatk 

 owing to the bad road, wai 

 tempt that may be made I an 

 the journey must be made ii 

 tank was filled with Bea-water, after th' 



lined 

 ickly appearance, and 

 s which 

 iv confi- 

 r their jom uey down 

 , au ihe jolting about, 

 •e, and iu any future at- 

 . that this abort part of 

 ir way. When the largest 

 had fixed the 



j-pieees, all seemed righ t until the folloi 



buu'b rays falling upon tho surface of the water revealed what ap- 

 peared to be small splinters, very minute, floating about, which 

 had to be got rid of, as they might he bad for the Iish by getting 

 lodged in their gills ; but I conld uot discover that auy fiah had 

 boon choked, with but one doubtful exception. This was a large 

 turbet and appealed as though it had beeu choked, but 1 could 

 not find anything in the gills or about the throat to satisfy me. As 

 to the voyage itself, we had both rough and fine weather. The 

 hole in the largest tank is rather too wide. The water overflowed 

 several times while wo had rouyh weather, and we coold only keep 

 it filled up to thB cross-piooes. I do not think tho Iish suifered 

 much by the rolling about of the steamer, unless it be the fish 

 have presBtire put upon them when tho steamer is heaving upward. 

 I have thought about this a great deal, and have come to the con- 

 clusion that the tirh do ex t erieuce a slight pressure, not so great 

 as to injure them, but which, if long continued, might make them 

 sickly. The water was changed every morning, excepting when 

 tho temperature of the sea rose considerably when passing tho 

 Gulf Stream currents. You will see that on Monday morning, 

 Oct. 21, when the water in the tanks stood at 51 degrees, in the 

 B' a it waB 61 degrees, aud at 2 i>. m., Bame day, it had risen as high 

 as 68 degrees, so I considered it wisest to keep to the water I hacL 



