294 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



INOTBMflBB 10, 1851. 



C, B. v.— For cabin yacht 30 ft, waterllne, give 10 ft, beam and 4 ft. 



9 In. deep. Not cut away too much. HI*ai cutter with lived bow- 

 sprit and jib on stay, unless for open water, when bowsprit should 

 be made to run In and Jib set Hying. Will publish something this 

 winter. 



1 C. T. B., New Bedford,— Please Inform me in regard lo the pedi- 

 gree of Frank Gat's Gordon hitch I'snsey and Marble's Gordon dog 

 Grouse, .Ans Pansey bv Mr. Howard Howes' Fin.' < Kan e'er it -Fanny 

 II. i out of Howes' Ulpse.v (Fritz-Nellie;. Marble's Grouse bv Wake- 

 field's Jock, out of Conslaud's Nell, Imported from Lord lmnmore's 

 Kennel. 



P. B. I., Prankford, Kan 1. I want fishing and bunting torlarga 



panic ; 1 have had some experience ivii h ileer and hear. Where can I 

 find plenty of deer, elk", bear, etc., and how would Colorado do, also 

 what part? 2. Would a hunter be allowed to cut timber In or about 

 Middle Park, (.'oioiado, lor (amp purposes': Ans. 1. You might try 

 Colorado and the adjoining country. 2, Yes. 



G. C. S., Guilford, Ills.— What size charge and what number of 

 shot would you advise for use In a 12-gauge gun at glass i 

 yards rise, rotary trap, which throws a bail 36 raids . :, i 

 with 3 drs. good powder, 7',' ozs. No. 8 shot. We have found Mils 

 charge effective In our guu. Yours may require a Utile dltTi rent 

 loading. Experiment ana determine. 



T. C. 8„ White sulphur Spr ngs Mont.— 1. What will be the effect 

 ota torn patch in a Sharps J4 rifle? 2. How can T make explosive 

 bullets? Can a rlile which lakes a Winchester 41, model of If:, be al- 

 tered to take a Sharps 41 calibre, TI grain nottle-necli shell with good 

 results? Ans. 1. It will deli ct the bullet, a. They are more dan- 

 gerous to make than to use : boner use bullets split for " mushroom- 

 tng." 3. J5o. 



C. B. S., Geneva, N. Y.— We have no knowledge of the firm you 

 mentton, nor have we seen the advertisement. From the tone of 

 yonr letter we infer tint If Is another case of cheap-gun speculator. 

 For our opinion of 45 guns see recent issues. We repeat, our caution 



10 the tte.neral public, buy of onty reputable coin-dealers, and use I lie 

 same common sense in the purchase of a gun that you would In buy- 

 ing a suit of clothes. 



E. 0., New Orleans, La. — I note your definition of a " bye " in your 

 Issue of the lath Inst,, to A. C. L., Philadelphia. I wish to ask ir this 

 reply Is the proper definition of a "bye" as used In the rules of the 

 Eastern Field Trials club. Ans. The definition is correct, except, that 

 the Eastern Field Trials rules say that the dog entitle!! to a bye 

 shall run with the last dog In the previous series, Instead oi the llrst, 

 as has been the practice heretofore. 



J. T. L.. Dover, Maine.— 1. Would it. be desirab'e touse a dog whose 

 sire was ball and dam Irish setter, on lush setter again': i. Would 

 crossing the product with Irish setter ag ilu. and that product again, 

 etc., 1n time eliminate the bull blood and leave Irish setter with more 

 grit? Ans. 1. Most decidedly nol. 2. We could nor. sav, tun can .see 

 nothiug hut, evil in the course, as "grit" is cbsraoi.ertstlo ot Hie Irish 

 dog, and aboutthe only fault, that Is found with the breed. 



J. W. L., Richmond. Maine.— My pup, eight months old. Is very 

 weak in his hind parts, a ud when he lies down his hlurt legs, twitch 

 and Jump lie cries in Ids sleep. Has had the distemper this tall. 

 Ans. Take espial parts of alcohol and water and apply tp natr and 

 hips with gentle friction Willi Hie hand, rubbing only with the hair, 

 give plenly of nourishing food and let h/m run loose in tin- j aril. We 

 do not like the inltrhlug ns ll Indicates chorea, bin. .should not lung 

 hut paralysis be the trouble he may recover. 



A. E. C, Haynesvllle, Ala.— If convenient please give me process 

 for preparing a rlrled oner .-kin. Ans. Stretch the skin on a board: 

 and smear It with preparation of 3 oza. each salt and alum,:: gills 

 water, 1 dram sulphuric aeld : then, being thickened with flower, al- 

 low this to dry on tne skin, and afterward scrape It. oil. Then work 

 the skin until it is flexible by folding fur on Inside and rolling It. If 

 you want to remove the fur i he skin ould be soaked tor a couple ot 

 days In a mixture ot water, a gallons, slaked lime 4 quarts, wood 

 ashes 4 quarts. 



S*Mri.K, Rochester.— 1. What bore and weight of a gun would you 

 sum:, n. , , i,, 'r,rv duel; shooting inn partridge ami fox shooting? 

 2. Would a boat be better to take to the. AdlrondacKs than a canoe. 

 for twopersens? Ans. 1. The weight or a gun Is much a matter 1 1 

 taste, and depends upon the weight of t lie bin n using the gun. For 



ordinary build an 8 lbs., lO-gain."- i/'n - ■■ i nolo ■ hkmii 



name liave an estab islied rcpuLaUon. We cannot, di -'criminate be- 

 tween different makers. 2. II. depends altogether upon what you 

 want It for, size of canoe, your skill as a canoeist, the rotuo, etc. 



A. c. W„ Wbltestone, L. I .— 1. How can an old dog be broken of the 

 had habit, of " breaking shot? ■• My dog, a native English -etier about 

 eight years old and powerfully butli, has this bad irlckof which I 

 cannot seem to rldhun. He is a very good Held dog, flno nose, Al 

 retriever, etc., etc, but has the above fault. 2. My inciter spaniel 

 pup. three months old, has a son ot hiccoughs occasionally, and Is 

 continually yawning. What, are the onuses? lie keeps in good lieali 

 and eats voraciously. Ans 1. Try the check cord. i. Indigestion 

 may cause the trouble. We should not advise any treatment, as he 

 will probably soon ouigrow It. 



G. P. L., smithvllle, SmlthvlUe, N. Y.— The query I made in regard 

 to a dog was lids, wiilcli is preferable lor a red and white F.ngllsh set- 

 ter, a black or white nose, liv deciding this you will confer a great 

 favor. Ans. \ r ou do nol s( ale the breeding ot vour.log plainly enough 

 torus to give a proper answer The end ot the nOSSOl tie English. 

 adter should be black or da-k liver while that of the Irish Better 

 should lie of a mahogany color and never black. There is a strain ot 

 English Belters ot an orange and while color that often lime spots of 

 pink or flesh-colored marlines ou the end ot nose; if your dog Is ot 

 this strain either color Is orthodox. 



Decoy, Kingston, Ont.— can you trom the description below let me 

 know the name or a duck I slip' the other day: Size, small, about 

 that of a "butter-ball;' bill, rather wide, and of a bluelshgreen 

 color, slightly ral-'-d ai ihe imw ; belly, sliver grey, turning to a yel- 

 low, striped wpn black bars on ibe breast, and throat; tall, black, 



Mtbe.r wide, and si e n ,■ , ■• ■ |,,d:or's; head, brown, having a 



large while spot extending from eye t.o throat on each side; 'beak, 

 brown, and mottled dke tiiai id a partridge; neck, short and rather 

 thick; reel, same as bill. Ans. We presume from the description 

 that the bird was a muddy duck [Erinnutlvra. ruhida). Probably a, 

 male In nearly lull plumage, 



M. A. T., Washington, D. C— 1. Pointer dog U months old has 

 a slight twitching In hh Ion-legs, resuhiiig. 1 suppose, from distem- 

 per, 01 which he. had a alight, attack. Passages white and mushy 

 looking. •>. I saw in one of voor numbers a remedy for mange, which 

 I think, was Muriatic acid, a drams to a quart of water. Wast nut 

 right? Alts. 1. I mlouhteili.v a s.ll.ht attack of chorea, which is gen- 

 ernity Incurable, but, In young dogs often disappears. Change Ids 

 diet and give plenty of nourishing food mixed aim cooked vege- 

 tables, and see that he has plenty of exorcise. 2. Yes. This was re- 

 commended by a correspondent and baa pioved suei ■ aslul In several 

 instances where the disease was of a mild type. 



J. I). H., Nashville, Tenn.— Are all llsh sent to market killed by the 

 fishermen, or simply allowed to die as the natural result of being 

 talken rrom the water? 2. Is there any reason why a 1i--h so flying 

 should not be eaten? 3. How should dsh be killed? Ans. 1. No. 

 Many are drowned In nets (these car be toia.te tie dark purple or 

 i.i.e'i gills:, but the mal'irltj da of suffocation In the air. 2. No, but 

 n-h keep i>>=trer for being bled and humanity causes many anglers in 

 kill their fish. 3. Small fish may be killed by putting t lie knuckle of 

 the llrst finger In the mouth and the thumb at the back or the neck 

 and breaking the neck Larger fish by cutting the " throat latch." 

 or narrow p'aee below the head which connects the head with the 

 body. Or by cutting the gills loose from above, or by a longitudinal 

 sUp In the tall prop-r above the caudal fln. 



E. G. <:., Reno, Kan.— i. can you fell me the correct charge for a 12 

 bore, 30 inch Barrel, 6 lbs., full choke, for duck shooting ? In Eng- 

 land I used to use 3k; drs. and if, oz. chilled shot. The charge u-ed 

 about here. Is 4 drs. and only I oz shot. What Is the correct charge? 



a. lathe English powder : , ,a a i e American? :'. Doi sonified 



shot Injure the barrels of a lull choke? Ans. I. We should prefer 

 the cluirg" or .4 drs. powder andl oz of shot. It gives bolter pe no- 

 rm i ion. Try different charges at a target and select that one which 

 fives the host penetration. A fair pattern with good p-netr,. he, a 

 Better Than agood pattern with fair penetratton. 2. There are so 

 many different grades ot English and American powder that your 

 quesiioncannot.be answered. We bice found that: the be.-d, grade 

 of American t owder will compare favorably with tho same grades of 

 English. 8. No. 



H. II. P.— You may idg your 24 ft. boat as a cutter. Think that rig 

 Is superior r, 1 the n ioop In all boats and In all winds from a zephyr 

 up. Opinion eraduallv working around in favor of that rig. Handier 

 nod faster cam, ot furnish sail plans. Should say for boat 21 ft. 7 

 in. waier line, 7 ft. 5 in. beam, and 2 ft. 6 in. deep, a moderate rig 

 might be as follows: step mast s ft. rrom bow, hoist 17 ft, root (t 

 mainsail 21 it., bead 13 ft. Fore staysail down to stem bend, .lib 

 1 \y s ft, on toot. Topmast is ft, above cap. fitted to house. linwspi it 

 outboard 11 V It. Lay out ot these tiiniensions, modify to suit 

 your Ideas, 'f hen And geometrical centre or the centre of effort and 



see that this falls about over the centre 01 longitudinal tmme 



section, Including centre-board. 



jpr*» fennel 



FIXTURES. 



BENCH SHOWS. 

 December 14, 16 and its. at Lowell, Mass., Lowell nog Show. 



close 1 iceem per ,;, (mas. A. Andrew, West Boxford, Mass,, S 

 tendtnt. 



FIELD Th'IALS. 

 •November ?, at Gllroy, Cal. Field Trials of the Gllroy Hod a 

 Glub Km ries close November 1. F. l.c.vera.l.o ;.,,i,i : o 



Louisiana Slate Field Tilais. '1 nut, s close ., 



•nil 1 



34, Edw 



November 24, T 



annual meeting,. 

 closed Get. 1. Ja 



Deccmncr 5, at Grand .!u 

 Club'-- Klein Trials. Jos. II. 



December 10 (or ittmv dla 

 at Grand .function, Tenn. 

 close Dee. 5 lit H A. At. ,1. H 

 dress win be Grand Juoetio 



iul Trials 



Entries 



., Pa. Ad- 



TUAINIMJ VS. BREAKING. 



IN TEN CHAPTERS — OHAP. I. 



NEARLY all -writers upon the subject of dog training ap- 

 poat to think that there is but one course to pursue. 

 That all knowledge that is not beaten into a dog is worthless 

 for all praciical purp >ses, and that the whip, check-cord and 

 spike-collar, with perhaps an occasional charge of shot or a 

 vigorous dose of shoe leather, are absolutely necessary in 

 order to perfect his education. 



It may appear presumptious for us to advocate a departure 

 from the beaten path, but as wehave had sorue little experience 

 in the past thirty years, and as many sportsmen who should 

 be good authority have seen our dogs at work, and have 

 unanimously united in pnise of the manner iu which they 

 acquit themselves in the field, we have thought that per- 

 haps a description of our method of training might prove in- 

 teresting. It will be ao at least to Hie new beginner. The 

 main object thet wehave in view is the ar^di inni-n of the 

 present condition of "man's best friend," and should the per- 

 usal of these lines cause even but one to follow the course 

 hero marked out, we shall feel amply r. paid for our labor. 



We have ever been possessed of a great, love deep down in 

 the heart for our canine pets, and this love is the main spring 

 that goveniB all our actions toward them. We do not wish 

 to be understood as meaning that we never use the whip for 

 »e bi Sieve with the wise king of old that the n d should not 

 be spared when it is needed. What we -do mean is this j 

 There is no dog worih Ihe raising— we are speaking of point- 

 ers and setters— that cannot and will not learn all that it is 

 necessary for him to know without a single blow being struck 

 or a single harsh word being spoken. We are very well 

 aware that this humane course will entail a little moreJabor 

 and that a vast deal more patience is required than when de- 

 pendence is placed upon the whip and boot-heel to enforce 

 your commands, but the intelligent and cheerful manner in 

 which jour pet obeys your slightest word or motion will 

 much more than compensate you for tho extra time that you 

 nave devoted to his education. There is nothing that so 

 mars our enjoyment when iu the field as to see the cringing 

 form of a noble animal cowering in fear of a whipping' 

 which nine times out of ten he does not deserve half so much 

 as his master. 



We do not claim absolute perfection for our system nor that, 

 you can by adopting it invariably succeed iu turning out a 

 well trained, well behaved dog, for we know that with dogs 

 as well as with men we often Bud one who for lack of brains 

 will never amount to much, no mutter what pains we take 

 with him. 



In selecting a puppy Ihere are many things to be taken in- 

 to consideration. In the first place we must be sure that both 

 sire and dam are first class field performers. This 

 we consider of the utmost importauce. They must also 

 be possessed of endurance, and must, be reasonably intelli- 

 gent. The more ancestors ot this type that our pup can 

 boast the better will he suit us. He must also have life and 

 ambition; indeed we care not how high strung he is, for al- 

 though he may not submit to restraint quite so readily as 

 his sleepy brother, yet when you once have him under sub- 

 jection he will not only mind more quickly, but he will do 

 his work better and much more of it. Of course he must be 

 well formed, and we should like him to be of good color and 

 coat, but these last are uot indispensible as we much prefer 

 good performance to good looks. 



Having selected our pup, we will take him home when he 

 is six lo eight weeks old, and at once begin his education. 

 Many writers will tell you that your dog should be much 

 older before you begin to instil into bis mind even the rudi- 

 ments of knowledge. If you are going to pursue their sys- 

 tem of instruction, we should advise 3" 

 off the evil day as long as possible ; b 

 our plan, begin at once : not a momei 

 first place you want to secure his ail'e 

 dence. This will be the first lesson, a 

 be attempted until you have Coruple 

 laught bitn to place the utmost coufid 



tender age his mind is easily impressed, and will long retain 

 the ideas now formed ; and it will take but a few days to 

 teach him to love you with all his heart. If possible, give 

 him a good roomy pen on the ground, with a warm, well- 

 sheltertd hotiFe or box in which to lie. Do not forget that 

 he will be very lonesome for a few days, and therefore glad 

 to see you often ; and you cannot better employ your time 

 than in paying him a visit every half hour lor tne first day or 

 two. Always, when you go to see him, have a bit of some- 

 thing for him to eat that he will relish. As you approach 

 the pen you should invariably blow upon your whistle the 

 note that you intend to use to call him in. We sound a long 

 note lor this purpose, beginning loud aud gradually dying 

 away. This:, with a short, ebarjt noie to attract attention, is 

 all ihe signal that, weever sound upon the whistle; the last we 

 do not use unlil bis education is further advanced. By asso- 

 ciating this long note with something good to eat, it, will soon 

 become fixed iu his mind that when he hears it he must, run 

 to you as fast as he can. We much prefer to have two pups, for 

 it takes no more time to teach them both than it docs t.o' teach 

 one, as they will learn from each other; and if ope is in- 

 clined to be dilatory we withold hi- rowan!, ami he, 

 other one enjoying bis customary allowance while, he is him- 

 self deprived of his share, at once comprehends the true 

 reason aud will be on hand ihe next time. 



Do not fail t.o abundantly ct.ress him and speak kindly 

 words, and never tinder any circumstances, no matter what 

 the provocation, allow yourself to scold or strike him, as this 



>u by 



ill means to put 



1. it y< 



11 are to follow 





Iu the 



1011 a 



id entire conn- 



d noth 



ing more should 



ly wo 



1 his heart and 



nee if 



1 yon. At this 



is entirely at variance with our system, and is sure to result 

 in the defeat of our plans. Should he ju np upon you with 

 his dirty feet, or tear your clothes with his sharp teeth, do 

 not get angry aud cuff him, but genily jet firmly pi ce him 

 upon the ground or unclasp his jaws from your garments, 

 consoling yourself with the thought lhat in a short time jou 

 will have him so well in band that he will know better than 

 to commit these faults. Be very geut'e with him at all times; 

 carefully siudy his disposition, and learn all of his ways that 

 you may the more readily understand just how to manage 

 bim. You should be in perfect sympathy with him and 

 humor all his whims and notions aud endeavor to tench him 

 that you truly love him. In a short time you will find 

 that this love will be returned ten fold, aud that he is ever 

 anxiously watching for your coming, aud never so happy as 

 when iu your presence and enjoying your caresses. 



After a few days you may begin to traiu him, hut do not 

 be in a hurry about it, as nothing is gained by haste. Be 

 very careful now, and do not ruin all by an undue haste ; go 

 very slow, carefully feel your way, and, above all things, 

 exercise an unwearied patience ; and if at any time you find 

 the strain upon your nerves growing a liltle too tense, leave 

 him at once and wait, uutil you are perfectly calm before re- 

 suming the lesson. 



There is one thing, of the utmost importance, that we wish 

 to particularly impress upon your mind before we go any 

 further. Do uot allow yourself under any circumstances to 

 speak to your pupil in anything but your ordinary tone of 

 voice. There is nothing that is more annoying when shoot- 

 ing than to have a companion continually yelhug at the top 

 of his voice to his dog, and generally without any effect. 

 Kow, such yelling is worse than useless, for if your dog is 

 properly traiued in the first place, he will readily mind your 

 lightest word. For your own comfort, then, and for the 

 pleasure of whoever may accompany you upon your shooting 

 excursions, use nothing but gentle tones when youisaiieyour 

 commands. When this very disagreeable habit of shouiing 

 is once, commenced, you will soon find that a still louder tone 

 is demanded, and had you the lungs of a Stentor, it will not 

 be long before your resources will be exhausted, and you will 

 vainly sigh for thunder tones to voice your words of com- 

 nontrl. 



The first thing that we endeavor to teach a pup, after wo 

 obtain bis love and confidence, is to stop at. the words To 

 ho. This is a very important point, and comparatively 

 easy to teach him. He should be very hungry when you 

 commence these first lessons, as his eagerness for the food 

 will cause him 10 pay you close attention ; and when he un- 

 derstands that as soon as he performs his tisk his reward is 

 sure, and that he cannot have it hefore, he will anxiously 

 strive to do whatever you ra iy require of him. Tou should 

 begin by giving him a taste of a piece of meat, then secure 

 a firm hold upon his collar, ami place a small piece upon Ihe 

 ground in front of him. He will si niggle with all his strength 

 10 get at it, but hold him steadily, and do not say a word 

 uniil he becomes partially quiet ; then move his nose a Utile 

 dearer, and, in your ordinary toue of voice, say To lu>, 

 with a falling accent upon ihe last syllable. Do not repeat 

 the words just yet, and when yon do be very careful lhat 

 youf voice is not strained and unnatural; we always ac- 

 c impatiy this word with the right hand raised waniingly, for 

 it may often happen that we wish our dog to come to a halt 

 at some distance from us, and by accustoming him to the 

 gesture he will soon learn to stop as far as he can see you. 

 Mosi sportsmen use this signal to mak: their dogs charge, 

 but us we shall show further on, when we come to it, the 

 other plan is much better. After a few seconds the dog will 

 become more quiet, and you can r> peat the words Now 

 careluly watch him. and as soon as his aitenlion is fixed upon 

 tho meat, and he looks at it stead, ly for a second, release 

 your hold and cluck 10 him as a signal lhat. he can now have 

 it, and at once praise and pet him, and give him to under- 

 stand that he has done something wo'detful, and that you 

 are pleased with him. We sib mid have • tatcd before 1 hat, from 

 the first, whenever you place his food before him you should 

 always cluck to him, as he will thus learn the meaning of 

 the sound, and understand when he hears it lhat all restraint 

 is removed. 



After the first trial do not try him again until Ihe next 

 lime that you feed him; for should you force him he may 

 grow weary and fail to respond with that cheerfulness and 

 alacrity that is so pleasing to see. Tou must be very care- 

 ful that he does not get at the meat until you give him per- 

 mission, for he must, understand that you mean business 

 fivery time, and that he cannot have it until he becomes per- 

 fectly quiet and hears your signal. After a few lessons of 

 this kind, if you have managed right, you will be surprised 

 to see the improvement that he will make aud the zest with 

 which he will enter into the spirit of it. You can soon leave 

 him free, and he will readily point at the word; aud with 

 proper care he will soon barn to point when the meat is 

 thrown to quite a distance from him. Of course you will 

 understand that the distance must be increased very gradu- 

 ally, and implicit obedience exacted every time. Should he 

 move ;-o much as one step after you give him the word, you 

 must instantly place him as near a9 may be in his former 

 position, at the same time repeating the word ; aud this must 

 be done, gently yet firmly until he becomes steadfast. Too 

 much importance cannot be attached to this; indeed, it is 

 Ihe groundwork of our whole system; and unless you 

 thoroughly instill iuto his mind the knowledge that you 

 mean just what you say, aud must be obeyed to the very 

 letter, aud that he cannot vary the fraction of an inch from 

 the rule lhat you have laid ilown, it will not be of any use to 

 continue further, for under our system — or any other — it will 

 be utterly impossible to turn out a. wetl trained animal unless 

 we strictly adhere to the above rule and exact implicit obc- 

 iti: oee every time. 



After he once nndertslauds that ho must mind, your task 

 is half accomplished, the rest is comparatively easy, and 

 you wdl indeed find it a labor of love to perfect his educa- 

 tion. 



In giving these first lessons do not reaiove him from hiB 

 pen, as new surroundings will serve to distract his attention 

 from the business on hand, and your task will be all the 

 harder. Indeed it. is much better to avoid all training out- 

 side the pen uotil your pupil is well established in what you 

 have taught him. Should it uot be convenient to have a pen 

 for him, any good sized room or inclosure that he cannot get 

 out of, will answer for training purposes. Do not allow any 

 spectators in these first itssona, as you want his undivided 

 attention. W e know lhat there isurent satisfaction in show- 

 ing off the little fellow's nrcoroplisbinentsto one's friends, 

 but unlil you are quite sure that be will obey when strangers 

 are near, it is much better to practice him alone than to have 

 him go back on you before folks where you might feel a 

 little delicacy about enforcing your commands. 



