Januaet 12, 1882.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



471 



together with similar exhibits by Eiserner David, completed 

 the Swedish exhibit. In the xietherland exhibits were nets 

 for the capture of small life near the Burface or beneath it ; 

 ground drags aud oyster catchers. 



In tbe display of the United States we noiiee that the 

 Coast Survey made a creditable exhibition. Sigsbee'S appa- 

 ratus for deep-sea sounding is figured and described as one 

 that saves time and labor. It appears to he a complicated 

 machine to Ihe uninitiated and two lull-page views of it are 

 given. Sigsbee's apparatus for bringing up specimens of 

 water is figured. Dredges, oyster-swabs and "tangles," 

 and Bimilar implements^ together with Prof. Hillgard's appa- 

 ratus for determining the specific gravity of the water, receive 

 commendation. 



Under the head of Meteorological and 8ignal Apparatus 

 appear implements from the lighthouse at Hamburg: John 

 Holmes, Regent's Park, London; the Meteorological Council, 

 London: and Otto Boline, Berlin. Reflecting instruments, 

 COmpas am s. ships' glasses, etc., were represented by 



E. Springer, Berlin; G. Heckclman, Hamburg; A. Oerthing, 

 Berlin ; H. Haecke, Berlin ; J. Wauechaff, Berlin ; L. 

 ReiiiiHiiM, Berlin, Voigtlander & Son, Vienna and Brauns- 

 ■veig; Picbt, Bros., RathenOW : A. Meissner, Berlin; and 

 T. Wegener, Berlin. Many useful and curious implements 

 appeared in this collection. The display of microscopes was 

 also interesting and the report, on them is well made up. 



The History of the Fisheries occupies considerable space 

 and includes that of many nations. It. glances at the ages of 

 stone, bronze and iron, those of Germany receiving much 

 attention. The ancient honks of Switzeiland are illustrated 

 aud their history is the most interesting of all. No mention 

 of the fine collection of EsQUimq and Alaskan wooden aud 

 bone hooks, which appeared in the Smithsonian collection, 

 is made. 



Chemical and physical experiments follow, and include 

 analyses of water, the flesh (of fish of fat and lean kinds), 

 salt fish, dried and smoked fish. The biological investiga- 

 tions continue the above analyses in comparison with beef, 

 the development of the herring, by A. W. Malm, Director 

 of the Museum of Nat. Hist., Gothenburg; the eel, by Dr. 

 Hermes, model of the zoological station at Naples. Notice 

 of the large chart by Professor Goode, of the U. S. Fish 

 Commission, showing the distribution of the important coast 

 fishes of the United States. Statistics then precede au 

 article on the injury to fish from infected sewers, with analy- 

 sis of specimens. 



The transportation of live fish is, in Germany, not entirely 

 a ttshcuUural question, as in America. Fish of fresh waters 

 are taken to market and sold alive, hence the separation of 

 the question of their transportation from the fishcultural 

 department, The firm of Busae & Co., Berlin, have a 

 steamer with a well in it to bring live fishes from the coast 

 of Sweden and Denmark to Stettin. Mr. Schuster, 

 Freiburg, showed a cask with air-pump for transporting fry. 

 Dr. Hermes, of the Berlin Aquarium, exhibited a large 

 apparatus, consisting of one great tank, which overflowed 

 into a small one in the rear, from which the water was 

 pumped into a third tank standing on the two lower ones, 

 from whence it flowed again into the first. 



Botany of the waters is followed by an account of the 

 amber fisheries, which we missed from" former reports. A 

 good description of the amber industry and the elegant dis- 

 play at Berlin will be found in Fohest and Stebam of June 

 3, 1880, from our staff correspondent at the Exhibition. The 

 literature of the fisheries of the different nations is referred 

 to by the titles and dates of the works and includes general 

 zoology, the lower animals, fishes, aquatic mammals, fishery 

 products, packing, etc., the in-land fisheries and pond build- 

 ing, sea fishes in general, descriptions of implements, oyster 

 and lobster fisheries, angling and flyfishing, culture of water 

 animals and the literature of scientific explorations relating 

 10 tbe waters, history of fisheries, biography and catalogues. 

 So extensive was this literature that the mere titles cover 

 forty pages with double columns. The history of the Berlin 

 Fishery Exhibition is a history of the fisheries of the world 

 from pre-historic man down to the year 1880. 



MORE GAME PROTECTORS NEEDED. 



Dec. 24, 1881. 

 Editor Forest mid Stream: 



As our Legislature will soon convene it is not improbable 

 the usual number of changes and amendments to our game 

 laws will be presented for consideration ; and, therefore, it 

 seems a suitable time now to protest against any such action, 

 except possibly to make penalties larger and punishment 

 more certain for infringement. 



The laws are now sufficiently plain and guarded to accom- 

 plish their designs, if they be enforced, but by whom they 

 wi&beea Eon the unsolved problem, and the one thing 



lacking to preserve aud protect game and fish, not for ama- 

 teurs alone, hut for the many, the laboring class, who have 

 neither time to spare, nor money to spend, in going from 

 their homes for recreation or pleasure. 



To accomplish this and to make the laws something more 

 than dead letters, I would suggest, instead of using the an- 

 nual appropriation made for the propagation and distribution 

 of fish, that this sum be used in seeming the services of 

 thirty State Game Protectors, at a salary of $500 each, to 

 be located in such counties as naturally would most need 

 their servic selection of these men be made by 



local protective clubs, and the appointments made by the 



It seems to me, with such a number of men distributed 

 over the State, and acting under the advice and sum 

 01 local clubs, having a direct interest in protection of game 

 and fish in their immediate vicinity, there would be an 

 effective work done that has never heretofore been accom- 

 plished, and a result attained that would meet with general 

 satisfaction and approval. 



Tt is simply absurd to make annual appropriations for 

 hatening and distributing fish, only to have them, in fact, 

 when grown to maturity, illegally caught, as they now are, 

 and wfll continue to be, unless laws protecting thern be 

 stringently enforced. 



There is no chance for an argument about this. 



The depletion of waters in many portions of the Stale, 

 aud the disappearance or scarcity Of game, are incontro- 

 vertible evidence that laws arc of no consequence in tl 



pi toners and marketmeu. 1 hey must be made 

 peer, and obey these laws. Therefore, let us this year have 

 the appropriation fur the thirty game protectors. 



STEAOnSE, 



its stomach. The latter v.- inches in length. The 



fishermen about there think that a pickerel 



ought, to be finely flavored. 



Anothkh Route To Tim Pom>— New Britain Conn.— 

 There is another good route which I have before spoken of. 

 Leave the railroad at. North Anson and proceed by stage or 

 private team through North Newportlauo and Dead River 

 and Flagstaff to the Smith farm. The scenery 

 "there are good pickerel ponds near North Newportland and 

 Flagstaff, and good trout ponds not far from Parson's ill. 

 BigelOw House al Dead River. Parson's told me last August 

 that he. was about K> la] ry Pond," not far 



from his hotel. I have not my notes by me, and cannot 

 state the number of miles. . The guests at the hotel told us 

 the trouting would be good. There is an excellent, place for 

 a few hours' trouting on this road, jus! Pel ore going 

 so-called "horseback," and all along the read from here 10 

 the Mt. Big 1 tiffed grouse are very plenty. As 



i;g the banks of Dead River we found ducks on 

 the water. There appears to be everything along this route 



1 sporl and ' I en a Smith's, six miles 



takes him to the. Tim Pond cabins, and ten or eleven more to 

 the Seven Ponds, by a forest road cut out wide enough for a 

 buckboard wagon with a span of horses.— J. W. T. 



How Can tub Oystkr Sutpct bb Maintained ?— The 

 consumption of the oyster is constantly increasing, and as 

 the demand increases so will the disposition to fish" the beds, 

 and, should there be any failure of the supply, the increased 

 price consequent upon that failure will induce 

 exhaustive fishery ; and it will become so great, if it has not 

 already, that only strict, protective laws, rigidly enforced, 

 will be sufficient to protect the beds, aud prevent the destruc- 

 tion of the industry. Thereis, however, another means of main- 

 taining the fecundity of the beds which merits consideration. 

 During the summer of 1870, Professor W K. Brooks was 

 successful in securing, by artificial means, the fertilization of 

 the ::. j, i ■ :' , and in protecting the offspring for 



sometime. Though, owint; to vs tforseen combina- 



tions of natural causes, and to the accidents incidental to all 

 tentative work, he has not been successful in maintaining 

 the embryos until such a time as they could be deposited upon 

 the beds with a certainty of survival, yet he has accomplished 



sufficient, to show that the 

 can be easily and certainly achieved I 

 iiest ios 

 to the failure of the ova to meet I w 

 time, any method which will in 

 the eybryos, for even a limited period, 

 well worthy of the attention of those 

 ervation of the 



young qyste 



as the beds are 

 the absence Of i 

 the maturity of 

 possible, to a p .. 

 tyiNsnow in Pi 



f tbe female cell.! 



very simple pro- 



the young is due 



raid a1 tbe proper 



mtact aud protect 



1 great value, and 



rested in the prea- 



-fishery. Any protection afforded the 



the maturity of a great number, and, 



g from a want of reproduction, due to 



any method which will insure 



tmormal number should be brought, if 



,:1 benefit, — Lieutenant Fkakois 



./ for December. 



New England FiSHBRiBs. — We have received the seventh 

 anuual report of the Boston Fish Bureau from its. Secretary, 

 Mr. \V. A. Wilcox. It opens with au interesting history of 

 New England fisheries and is followed by the report proper, 

 with nine, pages of statistics which give " large catches and 

 'stocks' by the mackerel fleet in New England "Waters — season 

 if 1881 ;" " New England fleet, catch of codfish, ae reported 



to the Bosion Fish Burean;" ''Ne 1 



erel — amount of inspected barreh 



reported to the Boston Fish Bur, au 



Boston dealers from 



" Massachusetts catch of mackerel 1 



for the past year has been the most 



The loss of lire and property has been great, as usual, nearly 



all falling on the Gloucester bankers. 



England catch of mack- 

 . at home ports, as 

 -ceipts of fish by 

 stic ports," and 

 tars." The record 

 f ul one for years. 



A Handsome Gift— Winstead, Conn., Dec. 17, 1881.— 

 Editor Forest and Stream : I wish to acknowledge through 

 Fokkst and Stream: a present of about four volumes of 

 your valuable journal from Mr. V. W, Bostwick, of Hudson, 

 K. ¥., which completes my set from the start. Fkank D. 

 Hallktt. 



TKYIXli TO RHYJIK TAHKAPLN.— IV. 



There is an old lady, named Sara Finn. 

 She's trying to rhyme I he word tarrapin ; 



And tr she makes out, 



She'll stag, dance »><< *<i,.i • 

 Andlt not, I'm sui 



^is]\cultnve. 



CANADIAN FISnCULTL'fiE. 



T E 



1850 wa 

 Total n 



miiukni ; the first 



ndent of 



in Nov Castle, 



lob of the years 



But for tb« rear 



nben 



■■■ 

 put down, 2t;.212.i 



100 ; sahn. . 

 There were hutch 



Salmon as Pik-e Food,— A pickerel (Et/OB) was recently 

 taken in Lake Auburn, Maine, which haa several salmon in 



4*i ,ClOO . I,.- ib , ■ i..' _ 



, 

 timing th. -l tavelieeu engaged 

 _i this enterprise, over 2 ggs ha, ve been laid 

 down in thmr hatcheries To ....:■ 

 , leyeareJ an I 

 }■ i '' "■ ■ • '■- t I '"■, districts of Ontario 

 - - ions year of 



" Tl10 }'"-■ ' to show a 



steady mere... 



„,,.,, 

 in atabirting this happy result to th- • -co , , ;, 

 Sandwich hat. _o ,, , 



year are the fry put in the D< 

 into maturity, Tim yield would have been gre 



weather taken every one by surprise, and interfer d with the fisher- 

 men's operations." 



The Canadian catch of whitefish in the Detroit iiivet division of 

 fisheries in 1878 was 16,800 in number ; in 1879, 77.700 ; in 

 IDS, 500; showing a remarkable increase in : Bab 



taken, which is attributed by tin 

 to the plants made by Canada a&aMicbigi 



i I ry statement made December a. 188 l, au _■■.■■ 

 tween thirty and forty of the principal fishermen and dealers on 

 the Detroit' Kiver. 



tto do inch mote 1 than we of Mi 



100,000,000 of hving ishes in - ■- Judge 



Potter,:-' r Fisheries in OLi, t report Of 



that State inasle in 1875, speaking of theworl s c mpli be 

 Canada and Miohigan, says i " Lake Erie may be so replenished 

 with the whitefish aa to bring its consumption wil . 

 all, and instead of ten cents, it will ultimate 



annual report, rejoices thus : '■ iheiv is no uncertainty abl ar the 

 whitefish, their multiplication bj artificial - re toed to a 



certainty, whitefish for the last season have been sold at the 

 fisheries at tin average of three cent* per pound, a little more than 

 the cost of handling." 



TheBe and other facts in the increased catch of whitefish in 

 enters planted, encourage our Commission to continue the enter- 

 prise to the full extent of our financial capacity. 



COLOEADO. 



Denver, Col., Dec. 31, 1881. 



Editor Fared and Stream : 



Our last legislative assembly made an appropriation of 35,000 

 from the .State Treasury for the establishment of a fish hatchery 

 and to begin the business. That was in I vend 



months passed before a location was made, but that was finally ac- 

 complished in the latter part of tho summer by the donation of 

 ten Bores of ground eight miles north of this city. It is near 

 Platte Ttiver, but far enough away to be safe from freshets, and 

 embraces about two-thirds bottom land and one-third beach, or 

 second bottom, about thirty feet above tin bottom, sihout ten 

 feet above the foot, m the side of the bluff , a great number of 

 springs break out. supplying an abundance , f water, at, least for 

 the present. The temperature is steady at 51 deg. 



A few rods from the foot of the bluff is a long, narrow pond, 

 filled with vegetation and admit; ■ ■.■.ry, but, unfor- 



tunately, it is nov 1 sdwith catfish, pike and other 



native fishes, and it will be pretty hard- to get, them out. The 

 little plant of carp furnished us by Pro d some months ago 



has been removed to the ground aud placed for the present in a 

 very small pool near the springs, but it is too small aud will be 

 too cold for them in summer. 



Between the bluff and the pond is a natural grove of cotton- 

 wood : ;v< s, aud tbe hillside is covered with wild 

 plum and other shrubs. About one hundred 

 springs i omn issioner Siatv has erected a frame building about 25 

 by 35 feet, in which are arranged sixteen hoteh.nc troughs of the 

 latest and mosr approved plan. Earlv in the present week be laid 

 down the first trout spawn (100,000) from New England, and will 

 add a liko number weekly for the next three weeks. Ho has 

 placed in charge a practical fishculturist— a Mr. Bogarl from an 

 fife-tern hatchery. So we will soon le toward 

 restockmg our sadly depleted trout streams. A pleanaut office is 

 provided in the front part of the batehmg-house, and Mr. Sisty 

 saya he can get through comfortably with his present plans upon 

 the money provided him until the' next meeting of the Legisla- 

 ture, January, 1 883. 



Some of the German carp sent here and distributed to private 

 parties are reported as doing remarkably well, but the public 

 stock, I am sorry to say. have not grown 



shot. First, they were i, ptfo J i lol 



of the mountain, in water that, was very cold and densely shaded. 

 Next, they wore transferred to a new! it ad pOnd in which 



there was no vegetation, and no I them. Of course, 



they had to ; ' rustle " for a bar e living. Now. at last, they are in 

 better ipiarters, but yet not good, and thev go for the water cress 

 -with a vim. W.N. B. 



SALMON CULTURE IN MAINE— 1881. 



IN published extracts from the forthcoming report of the State 

 Fish Commissioners for 1881, furnished by lion. E. M. Stillwell, 

 we find facts of interest, relating to the fish hatching operation 

 Mr. Atkins at Grand Lake Stream. It. apj* tl r form a 



successful and profitable business The contributions to the 

 Grand Lake Stream fund were as t o.idend, 



60,000 eggs. New Hampshire, 5250 ; div. I ;gs, Mas- 



sachusetts, $500; dividend, loo. iieo eggs. Connecticut, 8800; 

 dividend, 100,000 eggs. United,-':. I ifl dividend, 200,000 



eggs. Total money 33,000 ; total eggs, $60,000 (net). 



Total number of eggs taken at Grand Lake Stream is 906,000 



Losses estimated at 100.000 



800,000 

 25 per cent, reserved for hatching for benefit ot Grand 

 Lake Stream 200,000 



Net dividend - 800,000 



With regard to tho salmon culture on the Penobscot we gather 

 from State papers the following : For this year's work, the DOntti 

 bution of Maine to the Bucksport aud Orland works was ?2,000; 

 dividend of salmon eggs, 1,080,000. all ofwhioh 

 tributod and hatched in the rivers mention 

 buttons to the Orland works were as follows : io 1 

 dividend of eggs. 1.080,000 By Massachusetts, 

 of eggs, 270,000. By Connecticut, igSOOj dividend of eggs, 163,000. 

 llv the Dnited States, W.757 \ dividend of eggs, 950,000. Total- 

 money. 51,557 : eggs, 2,402,000 (au advance having been already 



ed fr, 



: lei 



Grand Lake 

 about 1.450 R 

 with facilitie 

 troughs, wbi 

 facilities for 

 At Bnokspt 



■ •o greatlyi . 

 they have built a hatching house covering 

 tot Of ground, on r. -.■ ihelakv, 



bet between the upper and lower 

 nsnre well watered water, and then 

 tng three- millions of eggs. 



lid they have built a cement aqueduct 1,600 

 oh bore, and have now at command copious 

 supplies of both brook and spring water. e many 



millions of eggs. The new aqueduct brings a supply of cold 

 water, a Deeem- 



d to be done with s Large number of them Last season. 

 Mr. Atkins expects now to begin shipments in January and finish 

 in March. 



There baa been most extraordinary weather up to the end of 

 December— warm, with rain. It is thought that its result 

 spawn at Grand Lake Stream will be to retard the hate! . 

 anything, There has been a great deal of snow and ice water 

 mingling with the ordiuary supply, which is largely 



FEHCl'LTURE IN SCOTLAND.— The extracts from a 

 written by the gentlemen who brought the nirbot and 



America and took out carp in return will be read n-ithiuferi 



in tbe le!,. 



dated Douglass Hall, Dalbeattie, , 



aud reads as folloi 



". Baird; Sou will be pleased to 



