JUNEBBRR1 TREE 



• canadi nsia ( L. ) M< die. 



The \pplc l'amih 

 P0MA4 BAJ 



Habit and Habitat: A tree, 20-30 feet high, with a smooth trunk, 



in diameter; the few main branches and Bmall, slender, 

 twigs form a narrow, rounded and open crown, which is often qn 



narrow in OUT western form id' the tree; found only in the rich, loamy, 

 11-drained soils of wood-lands and wooded slopes along stream court 



Leaves and Buds: The leaves are alternate, simple, 2-3 inches long 



and about 1-1 l - inches broad, oval to ovate, sharply and finely SeiT 

 abruptly pointed, smooth and dark green above, paler beneath; petioles 

 rider, V4-3 inch long. Winter-buds yellowish or brown, narrowiy-c< u- 

 ical, sharp-pointed; scales very conspicuous, J4-% inch long, Blightly 



hairy. 



Flowers and Fruits: The flowers are usually out in April or early 

 May. before the leaves are full grown, perfect, large, white, borne in 

 drooping, loosely-flowered clusters. 3-6 inches long; calyx 5-lobed, 

 bell-shaped, hairy inside; petals •">. strap-like, white, 1 inch or less in 

 length; stamens many; styles 5, unite 1 toward the base. Fruit ripe 

 in mid-summer, a small. berry-Ike apple, 'i- 1 -. inch long, green at first, 

 turning bright red and finally dark purple, sweet and edible when ripe, 

 fruit eagerly sought by the birds. 



Bark, Twigs and Wood: The bark on the twigs is light green and 

 very smooth, later it turns to reddish-br iwn, thin, pale reddish-brown or 

 urayish on the larger branches and main trunk, smooth or sometimes 

 ided into narrow elongated scaly ridges by shallow fissures, often 

 quite smooth and gray. The woo 1 is very hard, heavy, strong, close- 

 grained, dark brown or reddish-brown, with thick light-colored sap- 

 vvo lembling apple wood, in fact the tree has many aspects of an 



apple tree. 



Distribution in the State: The species occurs in the Missouri 

 forests, from which it has moved up the valley of the Missouri river as 

 far as Sarpy county, but has not developed abundantly in any part of 

 its narrow range in this state. The tree is always found in the woods 

 with other ( It does not thrive, apparently, far from t^e b*vd 



of our woodlands although it is quite commonly seen in dry soil farther 

 '. Map 40. 



Remarks: This is the ••-arvi<-<--berry" or shad-bush of eastern 

 United States about which poets and naturalists of every grade or de- 

 motion have written. The I so rare and localized : n nu* 

 that very few <>f our citizens know it although the siv wy white flowers 



Very conspicuous in early Bpring at a time when the wools are still 



rather of foliage. It is snoth rr prominent eastern tree which reach- 



its \v '-t"rn limit in poutf m N braska. Anther form of the 



V a different species, is found in northeast 1 ' 



alone the Niobrara river, but the identity of that plant is still somewhat 

 in doubt. 



— 117 



