40 BROOKLYN BOTANIC GARDEN MEMOIRS 



Unifolium canadense 



Uvularig, sessilifolia 



Osmunda claytoniana 



Dryopteris noveboracensis 



Boehmeria cylindrica 



Iris versicolor (in deep shade) 



Impatiens biflora 



Eupatorium verbenaefolium 



Galium Claytoni 



Aster cordifolius 



Arisaema triphyllum 



Fragaria virginiana 



Euthamia tenuifolia (toward edges) 



Aster multiflorus 



Not at all like the form found on the Downs. These protected 

 plants frequently 3 feet tall. 



Viola cucullata 



Toward edge of kettle hole; rare 



Solidago serotina 



Aster novi-belgii 



In addition to the typical form others are found to which varietal 

 names such as elodes and atlanticus have been applied. 



Aster spectabilis (toward edges) 

 In many of these wooded kettleholes Rubus hispidus is very common as 

 a ground cover and, except at the center, is very likely to run in and out 

 among the stems of other plants, increasing the difficulty of walking. Dark 

 moist places in these kettleholes are often carpeted for square yards by the 

 beautiful feathery moss Climacium americanum Kindbergii. Of course, at 

 the actual contact of the herbs of the kettlehole and the Downs there is 

 nothing like such a sharp line as the photograph shows for the woody plants. 

 There is often some encroachment of the Downs' herbs, in usually much 

 changed form, into the kettlehole. 



All wooded kettleholes are not of this type, as some with higher eleva- 

 tions have oaks predominating in them, but even in these the red maple 

 and sour gum are often found toward the center. The shrubs and herbs 

 are much the same in all wooded kettleholes, but the lists given by no means 

 tell all the story, for occasional species are found in many kettleholes and 

 nowhere else on the Point. Ranunculus delphinifolius is one for instance. 

 The discovery of others is practically certain as the kettleholes vary a good 

 deal in depth, in the configuration of the surrounding Downs, and in 



