40 Bulletin of the University of Texas 
and easily worked and does not contain so much rosin as 
the lougleaf pine. 
6. Pinus echinata Mil. Short-leaved Pine. 
A forest tree reaching a height of 80°-100° and a maximum 
trunk diameter of 3° to 4° with rough, coarsely furrowed 
bark. Leaves deep green, borne in clusters of two or three, 
3’-5’ long, shorter than any other timber pine of Texas, slen- 
der, soft and flexible. Cones 114’-214’ long, conic when closed 
and ovoid when open; the cone scales armed with slender 
spines, seeds 14’ long, winged. 
New York to Kansas, Florida and Texas. In Texas it is 
found in the northeastern portion of the state. 
The short-leaf pine is the most extensively used wood in 
Texas. The wood is soft and works easily. It is used prin- 
cipally in the manufacture of doors, sash, and for interior 
house finishing wood. 
2. TAXODIUM Rich. The Bald Cypress. 
Taxodium distichum (Linnaeus) L. C. Richard. A large 
forest tree with maximum height of about 150° and 4°-5° in 
diameter, with a straight buttressed base which is frequently 
hollow. Trees growing in wet localities frequently develop 
projections from the roots known as “‘knees,’’ which project 
above the water; bark smooth and rather. brownish ted, 
branches short, slender, horizontal or drooping, disappearing 
below from the old trees, forming an irregular crown.’ Leaves 
thin, flat, 2-ranked, linear, 14’-34’ long, somewhat curved, 
sharp pointed, sessile; shed with the lateral twigs in the fall. 
Cones globose 1’ in diameter, borne in pairs at the ends of 
the branches. 
It extends from Delaware to Florida westward along the 
Gulf Coast to Texas, and up the valley of the Mississippi to 
Missouri and southern Indiana. In swamps it is frequently 
the predominating tree, often forming extensive forests. In 
Texas it occurs sparingly 1 valley of the Nueces confined 
mostly to overflow land al yer bottoms and in canyons. 
The tree is a very slow growing one, and requires two or 
three centuries to produce a trunk large enough for saw logs. 


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