94 Bulletin of the University of Texas 
ULMACEAE Mirbel. The Elm Family. 
Trees with watery juice; leaves alternate, simple, serrate, 
pinnately veined; flowers small and without the corolla; fruit 
a samara, drupe or small nut. 
Leaves with one primary vein at base, lateral veins 
parallel. 
Fruit a samara winged all the way around.... 1. Ulmus. 
Fruit a small nut with soft tubercles......... 2. Planera. 
Leaves 3-veined at the base, fruit a fleshy, juicy 
CROPS 355, 2 eee 8 ete RL oe ae 3. Celtis. 
1. ULMUS L. The Elms. 
Trees with deeply furrowed bark; leaves simple, alternate 
two ranked, doubly serrate, taper poimted, unequal at base, 
lateral veins prominent and parallel; flowers small clustered 
appearing in the spring before the leaves in all except one 
species; fruit a samara surrounded by a wide membranous 
wing. 
Flowers opening in the autumn, borne in the axils 
of the leaves of the Season. S84. 2.2.6 1. U. crassifola. 
Flowers opening in the spring before the leaves. 
Branches Corky \win eds soni ae es 23 U.. -alakay 
Branches not corky winged. 
Leaves smooth or somewhat roughened 
above, inner bark not mucilaginous... 3. U. Americana. 
Leaves very rough above inner bark, 
mMUuEUCHAaAliNOVME Ht fe ari eee 4. U. fulva. 
1. Ulmus crassifolia Nuttall. Cedar Elm. A forest tree 
sometimes reaching a height of 80° with trunk diameter of 
2°-3°, but usually smaller. The branches are usually wide- 
spread and droop, forming a flat topped wide crown. Leaves 
oblong-oval with rounded apex and unequal base, finely 
doubly serrate, very rough and dark green above with soft 
pubescence below, 1’-2’ long, 14’-1’ wide. The flowers ap- 
pear in the autumn in the axils of the season’s leaves. They 
are borne in elusters of three to five. The fruit ripens in 
September or sometimes in November, depending upon the 
time of flowering. The bark is light brown, tinged with red, 
