142 Bulletin of the University of Texas 
sured bark and hairy twigs. Leaves unequally pinnate; leaf- 
lets 5-9, usually 7, stalked, margin entire or somewhat toothed, 
pointed at the apex, yellowish green on both surfaces, paler 
beneath than above. Flowers dioecious, appearing with the 
leaves. Fruit lnear to spatulate, the wing extending down 
on the body to the middle or below. In rich moist soils, New 
Brunswick, Ontario, Nebraska south to Florida and west to 
Texas. The wood is used for agricultural implements and 
vehicles. The tree is frequently planted along streets and in 
parks, for which purpose it is well suited. 
4, Fraxinus Caroliniana Miller. Water Ash. Swamp Ash. 
A round topped tree 40° high with thin gray bark and smooth 
branches. Leaves unequally pinnate, hairy at first, becoming 
smooth with age; leaflets 5-7 rarely 9, ovate or oblong, stalked, 
coarsely serrate, dark green above, paler and sometimes hairy 
beneath. Flowers dioecious, on different trees. Samara ellip- 
tic to ovate, body linear, flat, frequently 3-winged. In moist 
soil and swampy places, Virginia to Florida and west to the 
valley of the Sabine River, Texas. The wood is soft and 
weak and has no commercial value. 
5. Fraxinus cuspidata Torrey. American Flowering Ash. 
A smajl stout tree 20° high with gray bark, smooth twigs. 
Leaves with 3-5 or 7 leaflets; leaflets ovate to narrowly lanceo- 
late, cntire or serrate, pointed, dark green above, paler be- 
neath. Flowers perfect in clusters. Samara flat with short 
wing. In rocky soil and canyons western Texas, Arizona 
and northern Mexico. One of the ornamental trees of Mexico. 
6. Fraxinus Berlandieri de Candolle. Berlandier’s Ash. 
A small tree not over 30° high, with rough gray bark and 
smooth twigs. Leaves unequally pinnate, smooth or with 
rusty colored hairs along the veins beneath; leaflets 3-5, 
stalked, lanceolate to oblong, dark green above, light green 
beneath. Flowers dioecious, in clusters. Fruit flattened, with 
the wing twice as long as body, and extending down upon it 
below the middle. Southwestern Texas and northern Mexico. 
An ornamental tree of Mexico, and possibly not native to 
Texas. 
7. Fraxinus Toumeyi Britton.. Toummey’s Ash, A small 
tree rarely 40° high with rough, gray bark and smooth or 
