82 



ANTHER. 



When the stamens all turn to one side of the corolla they 

 are said to be diclinate. When a flower has four stamens, two 

 of which are longer than the other two, they are didynamousy 

 (fig. 96.) If there aie six with four the longest, then they are 

 fetradynamous, (fig. 97.) 



94. The Jilament is generally, as 

 its name im{3lies, a slender thread- 

 like organ, having a bundle of ves- 

 sels in its centre composed of woody 

 fibre and spiral vessels, and corres- 

 ponds undoubtedly to the petiole of _ 

 the leaf. It assumes a variety of 

 forms. Its normal form is found in 

 the Rose, Apple and Lily. In the Can 

 na the filament resembles so much a 



petal that it would be undistinguishable from one, but for its 

 bearing an anther (fig. 98 a.) In the Water lily it is found in eve- 

 ry degree of development from its common form to a petal, show- 

 ing the true nature of the stamen, that it is a modification of 

 leaves. In the Campanula the lower part of the filament assumes 

 the form of a fleshy scale ffig. 98 h.) Although 

 generally smooth, still in some plants, as in the 

 Tradescemtia, it becomes in some parts covered 

 with hair-, (fig. 98, c.) In the Thalictrum it is 

 thickest at its summit, and is said to be clavate, 

 (fig. 99.) Sometimes the filaments are united 

 together with the style into a solid column under 

 thename o^ columna or gynostemium, (fig. 100.) 



100 



Anther. 



95. The anther is generally composed entirely of cellular 

 tissue and consists of two lobes, united by a connectlvum filled 

 with pollen. The connectivum corresponds to the midrib of 



