around New Bern, N. C. 47 



young branches of Q. laurifolia- See Ell. si: This species 

 appears most nearly related to Q.jriicllos. It extends from North 

 Carolina to Florida, where it is abundant, on light upland soils, 

 of moderate fertility; retaining its leaves until spring. Icon. 

 Michx. Querc. t. 17 Sf IS. 



(50.) Quercus virens, Alton, " Live oak." Two large and 

 fine specimens of this noble tree exist within the town of New 

 Bern, near the junction of the rivers. They are much older 

 than the town itself, and under them, not improbably, the Pala- 

 tine colony may have pitched their tents on their arrival at the 

 confluence of the Neuse and Trent, in December 1709 ; and, 

 long ere this, the native caciques may have held beneath them 

 their councils and their war-dance. Long may they be spared ! 



(51.) Pinus australis, Michx. arb. forest. = P. palustris, Ait. 

 Aiton's name for this species is not only inappropriate, but de- 

 ceptive, and therefore may with propriety be discarded. As 

 Elliott has remarked, the swamp-pine of the southern states is 

 P. Tceda. This species, while it occupies a considerable va- 

 riety of soils and situations, from the level plains of the sea 

 coast, to the arid sand-hills of the middle country, is never, or 

 very rarely, found in swampy grounds. 



This is the " pitch pine" of the southern states, so important, 

 in its uses and products, to the inhabitants of those regions, and 

 indeed of the whole country ; for besides furnishing the large 

 quantities of turpentine and tar annually exported from North 

 Carolina, its timber, plank, &c. are of the greatest importance 

 throughout the whole south in the construction of houses, fences, 

 ships, &c. Insomuch that it may be doubted if there is another 

 tree in America, or perhaps in the world, of greater utility and 

 importance. " Pitch-pine," LaiesorCs Carolina, p. 9S. Mi- 

 chaux the younger, in his elegant work on the Forest Trees of 

 North America, has given a just and accurate account of this 

 species, of the various uses to which its timber is applied, and 

 of the processes by which the turpentine and tar (which it yields 

 more abundantly than any other tree in the world) arc extracted. 

 He has also corrected the errors into which Lambert, in his mo- 

 nograph of the genus, had fallen with respect to this species. 



In the year 1804, says Michaux, the exports of turpentine 



