28 G 5 . REPORT OF PROGRESS. I. C. WHITE. 



The valley of Wallenpaupack between Wilsonville and 

 Ledgedale is one vast Drift heap over which the stream 

 meanders for 12 miles with a scarcely preceptible fall. At 

 Wilsonville it cuts down to the rock bottom and then de- 

 scends about 250' in a succession of great cascades in a short 

 distance. 



Buried Valleys are found to some extent in this district, 

 though from lack of well borings we have no means of de- 

 termining their depths. 



The Susquehanna river flows on a bed of trash of unknown 

 depth. I find no data that would throw light on the sub- 

 ject. The bed rock is sometimes seen along its course, as 

 near Great Bend, but affords no positive evidence against a 

 buried channel ; for the rock is only seen when the stream 

 veers away from the central line of the valley and washes 

 one of its bounding hill-sloops. The aspect of the Drift 

 suggests an ancient buried water-way of considerable depth. 



Tlie Delaware river channel, on the contrary was never 

 deej)er than it is at present, for a rock bottom is frequently 

 seen extending clear across its channel, the hills rising 

 almost perpendicularly from its banks. 



The Lackawaxen and its principal tributaries all flow 

 over buried channels of considerable depth, if one may de- 

 pend on the surface indications. 



In Susquehanna county there are two or three instances 

 in which streams are now flowing in opposite directions, 

 with their heads at a very low divide in the floor of proba- 

 ble ancient waterways. 



One of these is the old valley in which Martins creek flows 

 southward, and Salt Lick creek northward. The divide be- 

 tween the two streams is a low Drift deposit in a compara- 

 tively narrow valley 500' below the general level of the up- 

 lands. It looks as if a stream had once flowed northward 

 through this ancient channel from a point much further 

 south than the present divide, and a dam of Drift had been 

 thrown across it at the present summit (1175' A. T.) revers- 

 ing the direction of the upper part of the stream, and send- 

 ing it southward to the Susquehanna, by way of Tunk- 

 hannock creek. 



