GEOLOGY OF THE REGION. G 5 . 39 



The most striking feature of the geological map accompa- 

 nying this report is the very curious curling up of the end 

 of the Carbondale coal basin, northward ; and the continua- 

 tion of the axis of its trough (or synclinal) in a nearly due 

 north direction along the mid-county line. 



This is a remarkable violation of the general law of direc- 

 tion which governs the whole system of anticlinals and syn- 

 clinals in Pennsylvania ; virtually cutting off those of the 

 Alleghany mountain region, as represented in section along 

 the Susquehanna river, on the west, from all connection with 

 those of the Catskill mountain region of New York State, 

 as represented in cross section along the Delaware river. 



The cause of this phenomenon is concealed. 



Its effects are manifested in Susquehanna county by the 

 dying dowm or flattening out eastward, or northeastward, of 

 all the great parallel troughs and arches described in the re- 

 ports on Sullivan, Lycoming, Bradford and Tioga counties ; 

 also, in the dying away or flattening out of the New York 

 troughs and arches, westward, as they enter and pass on 

 through Wayne county. 



Consequently no one of the Susquehanna river folds can 

 be identified with any of the Delaware river folds — the two 

 systems of folds flattening out as they approach each other 

 and being kept apart by the north and south fold which 

 cuts transversely across and between them. 



The Lackawanna Coal Basin is the northern horn of the 

 crescent-shaped Third Anthracite Coal Field, the distant 

 western horn of which ends at Schickshinny Knob in Mon- 

 tour county. The axis of the basin runs from Wilkesbarre 

 to Scranton, about N. 50° E. ; from Scranton to Carbondale 

 about N. 30° E. ; from Carbondale to the Susquehanna 

 county corner about N. 15° E. ; and thence onward about N. 

 5 E. along the western edge of Wayne county. 



The rocks of Lackawanna (Schickshinny) mountain, on 

 the northwest dip southeast under the coal measures of the 

 basin. 



The rocks of the Moosic (Wyoming) mountain, on the 

 southeast, dip northwest under the coal measures of the 

 basin. 



