CATSKILL FORMATION. 



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Eastern Pennsylvania, therefore, this pebbly sandstone, the 



shales above it, and the overlying conglomerate, must be 

 grouped together and regarded as one important sandstone 

 sub-division of the Catskill formation, lying between two 

 shale sub-divisions, the lower one red. 



The crevices of this sandstone, at Mr. Collins' near Cherry 

 Ridge P. O. are studded with beautiful rock crystals, some 

 of which are more than an inch long. 



Cherry Ridge limestone (6). — This is one of the most re- 

 markable and persistent of the Catskill strata ; extending 

 over a large part of Wayne county, and the eastern tier of 

 townships in Susquehanna county ; always immediately un- 

 der the sandstone, and in fact a part of it ; for, while the 

 average thickness of the calcareous part of the rock maybe 

 called 5', it varies greatly, rising here and there into the 

 sandstone beds, and the sand descending elsewhere into the 

 limestone bed. 



In respect of the great area occupied by this limestone it 

 differs essentially from all the other calcareous breccias, 

 higher or lower in the series ; for these all seem to be very 

 local deposits, appearing and disappearing suddenly in short 

 distances. 



But in respect of the amount of carbonate of lime in the 

 lock it cannot be said to deserve the name of a limestone. 



It is an agglomerate of chips of slate or shale — fish bone 

 fragments — pieces of fossilized wood — and often a large 

 quantity of sand — all cemented together by lime. 



Analyses of Mr. McCreath at Harrisburg show how ex- 

 treme are the variations : 



Cherry Ridge Limestone. 



Siliceous material 



Carbonate of lime, . . . 



Carbonate of magnesia, 

 Oxides of iron and alumina, 

 Phosphorus, 



a. 



b. 



c. 



28.8(10 



65 .470 



75.220 



64.392 



19.785 



17.69o 



1.816 



3 518 



1.589 



4 . 145 



8.903 



4.432 



0.050 



0.095 



0.031 



<!. 



80.950 



11.196 



1.664 



4.988 



0.036 



a. Schenck's quarry, Cherry Ridge township, Wayne county ; specimens 

 from the richest part of the rock. 

 6. Specimens from the poorest part of the rock. 

 c. d. J. Multen's land, Oregon township, Wayne county. 



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