174 THE SHRUBS OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



3. (C. glaucus, Willd.) — This is found from Lin- 

 coln westward, and may be recognized by the white 

 under-surface of the leaf; a little rough on the 

 upper. 



1. Alder. (Alnus serrulata, Ait. — Common on 

 small streams all over the State, and too well known 

 b}^ the above name to need a description. 



2. Mountain Alder. (A. viridis, DC.) — Like 

 the above in habit and general characters, but the 

 underside of the leaves covered with a soft gray 

 down. It is known at the South, only upon the top 

 of Roan Mountain, from whence to northern New 

 York it is not found. It occurs in Europe. 



1. Groundsel. (Baccharis halimifolia, Linn.) — 

 Grows in both brackish and fresh swampy grounds 

 of the Lower District. It is 6 to 12 feet high, of an 

 ashy hue from the whitish scales that cover the bark 

 and leaves. The small flower-heads are solitary, or 

 a few clustered together, borne on a foot-stalk. The 

 long, white, silky hairs of the seeds emerging from 

 the heads give the plant a pleasing appearance in the 

 Fall. 



2. (B. glomeruliflora, Pers.) — Like the preceding, 

 but rarer and less snowy, and has larger clusters of 

 flower-heads, destitute of the foot-stalk. 



3. (B. angustifolia, Michx.) — Found in brackish 

 marshes, 4 to 8 feet high. The leaves, which in the 

 other species are half as broad as long, and toothed, 

 are in this linear and entire. 



1. Marsh Elder. (Iva frutescens, Linn.) — A 



