WEEDS OP THE POTATO FAMILY. 



125 



.-it base, closed at tip and loosely surrounding Hie green or yellow berry. 

 Seeds numerous, kidney-shaped, flattened, with a thin ed^e, finely pitted. 

 (Fig. SS.) 



Very common in lowland sandy fields and waste places. June- 



Oct. This is the most abundant of the 8 species of ground cherries 

 listed from the State. All can be recognized by the much inflated 



bladdery calyx which "mioses the small tomato-like fruit. They 



are distinguished one from another by 

 the smoothness or hairiness and shape 

 of the leaves, by the color and size of 

 the flowers and by the shape of the 

 calyx in fruit: The one above de- 

 scribed is the only common annual 

 form. Among the perennial ones with 

 underground rootstoeks the clam my 

 ground-cherry (P. het < r <> p h v 1 1 a 

 Nees.), having large heart-shaped 

 leaves. 2 inches or more long, densely 

 clothed with short more or less sticky 

 hairs: the Virginia ground-cherry 

 (P. virginiana Mill.), with ovate, 

 sparsely hairy leaves and fruiting 

 calyx cone-shaped. 5-angled and deeply sunken at the base, and the 

 prairie ground-cherry (P. lanceolata Michx.), leaves narrow, lance- 

 olate or spoon-shaped, fruiting calyx rounded, egg-shaped, scarcely 

 angled and little sunken at the base, are the common forms. Rem- 

 edies: thorough cultivation; mowing or cutting the perennial 

 forms two or three times each season. 



Fig. 88. Fruit enclosed in calyx. 

 Britton and Brown.) 



(After 



Horse Nettle. Bull Nettle. 



Sand Brier 



01. SoLAMWI CABOUNENSE L. 



Tread -soft. (P. N. 1.) 

 Erect, branched, 1-2 feet high, the branches, leaf-stalks and mid-ribs 

 of the leaves armed with numerous short, stout, awl-shaped yellow 

 prickles: leaves oblong or ovate, 2-6 indies long, cut-lobed or toothed, 

 covered witb numerous minute star-shaped hairs. Flowers in loose dus- 

 ters: calyx lobes tapering; corolla wheel-shaped, purplish or white. Berry 

 naked, orange-yell ow, about h inch broad, closely resembling that of the 

 potato. S'v(i«; numerous, stiaw-color. flat, rounded or ovate, 1/10 inch 

 Ion-. (Figs. 10, (1\ 11. < . 89.) 



A very common ami pernicious weed 

 vated ground ami pasture land, especially 

 May S.-pt. It is a southern species which 

 by strong rootstoeks and numerous - 



growing in both culti- 



in dry and sandy soils. 



lias spread widely bold 



In many places in tin 1 



southern two-thirds of Indiana it lias, in recenl years, become on< 



