300 



APPENDIX. 



cated limestone, often friable, and not crystalline. Galena is 

 found in open fissures in this rook. 



We reached the springs in the dusk of the evening, and found 

 good accommodations at Ray's. Distance from Galena thirty 

 miles. 



The rain fell copiously during the night, and on the morning 

 (eighteenth) gave no signs of a speedy cessation. Those who 

 travel ought often, however, to call to mind the remark of Xeno- 

 phon, that " pleasure is the result of toil," and not permit slight 

 impediments to arrest them, particularly when they have definite 

 points to make. We set forward in a moderate rain, but in less 

 than an hour had the pleasure to perceive signs of it smitigating, 

 and before nine o'clock it was quite clear. We stopped a short 

 time at Bracken's furnace. Mr. Bracken gave me specimens of 

 organic remains, in the condition of earthy calcareous carbonates, 

 procured on a neighbouring ridge. He described the locality as 

 being plentiful in casts and impressions such as he exhibited, which 

 appeared to have been removed from the surface of a shelly lime- 

 stone. At Rock-branch diggings, I found masses of calcareous 

 spar thrown from the pits. The surface appears to have been 

 much explored for lead in this vicinity. I stopped to examine 

 Vanmater's lead. It had been a productive one, and affords a 

 fair example of what are called east and west leads. I observed 

 a compass standing on the line of the lead, and asked Mr. V. 

 whether much reliance was to be placed upon the certainty of 

 striking the lead by the aid of this instrument. He said that it 

 was much relied on. That the course of the leads was definite. 

 The present one varied from a due east and west line but nine 

 minutes, and the lead had been followed without much difficulty. 

 The position of the ore was about forty feet below the surface. 

 Of this depth about thirty-six feet consisted of the surface rock and 

 its earthy covering. A vein of marly clay, enveloping the ore, 

 was then penetrated. A series of pits had been sunk on the 

 course of it, and the earth and ore in the interstices removed, and 

 drawn to the surface by a windlass and bucket. Besides the ore, 

 masses of iron pyrites had been thrown out, connected with 

 galena. In stooping to detach some pieces from one of these 

 masses, I placed my feet on the verge of an abandoned pit, around 



