10 F 3 . REPORT OF PROGRESS. E. W. CLAYPOLE. 



side. Here the numbering stopped at the mouth of the 

 Juniata. The mountains further north gapped by the Sus- 

 quehanna were called Berry's and Buffalo mountains. 



Mountains of No. X {Pocono.) 



In Perry county there only remain to be described the 

 Second and Fourth mountains, L e., the two legs of Cove 

 mountain, and Berry' s and Buffalo mountains, which also 

 unite and form a cove. The gray color of these mountains 

 on the map shows that their crests are made by the hard 

 beds of the Lower Carboniferous Pocono sandstone, No. X. 



(4.) The Cove mountain, then, in the south eastern corner 

 of Perry county, is merely a sharply recurved ridge, about 

 1000' high above the water in the gap, the cut-off prow of 

 a canoe-shaped basin, the Dauphin county anthracite coal 

 basin, — the west end of a long-pointed ellipse* — diagonally 

 traversed by the Susquehanna river, so that its south reach 

 of crest is 10 miles long, and its north reach of crest only 5. 

 The two crests unite in a slightly elevated knob at the west 

 end, overlooking the fertile valley of Sherman's creek. 



The shape of the Cove mountain differs from that of Blue, 

 Bower, Rising, Round Top, Conecocheague, West and East 

 Tuscarora mountains of the 1st, 2d, and 3d ranges already 

 described in two essential points : First, its rocks are of 

 later age and different constitution (see further on ;) and 

 Secondly, its cross-section is not that of a sharp crest and 

 two slopes. Cove mountain has along, gentle, smooth slope 

 on its inner side, i. e., into the Cove, and a bold terrace on 

 its outer side (southward towards the Blue mountain, and 

 northward towards Sherman's valley) cut by ravines, and 

 sometimes quite separated from the mother mountain as a 

 distinct and lower ridge, composed of the hard beds of the 

 Catskill formation No. IX. 



The explanation and representation of this peculiar form 

 is reserved for the geological description, further on. See 

 reporl <>n Penn township. 



(5.) Berry 1 s mountain and Buffalo mountain^ in the north- 



*The east end of which is in Carbon county, beyond the Lehigh river. 



