PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE COUNTY. F a . 15 



Hills of No. VIII ( Hamilton sandstone. ) 



The hills of the second class are confined to the eastern 

 half of the county. They are of two kinds. 



a. The first is a range of high, steep, chiefly monoclinal 

 ridges, for the most part wood-clad and unfilled, which 

 enter the county from Juniata, three miles north of Millers- 

 town, and range east almost to the Susquehanna, forming 

 the county line under the name of Turkey ridge. Here, 

 curving sharply round, it runs west-southwest, in a straight 

 line, to the Juniata just below Millerstown, where its point 

 is cut off by Cocalamus creek. Along this part of its course 

 it bears the name of Wild Cat ridge. Several gaps have 

 been cut through it, two by Cocalamus creek, and others by 

 small unnamed streams on both the north and south courses. 

 Rough and steep, it forms an encircling wall round the 

 northeast and south of Pfoutz's Valley. Crossing the 

 river it passes on under the name of Raccoon ridge, and 

 four miles further is gapped at Donally's mill. Three 

 miles beyond this point it swerves slightly to the southwest 

 and continues for 6 miles to a point west of Roseburg, where, 

 turning sharply, it zigzags back about 2 miles, resumes its 

 former course, and runs to Sandy hill as BitmarC s Ridge. 

 Tn this part of the range it is gapped in four places. From 

 Sandy hill it runs east-northeast for 4 miles, southwest for 

 two miles, then turns sharply and ranges nearly east, past 

 Mannsville and Bloomfield, to Inoculate run on the Newport- 

 Bloomfield road, where a short turn to the southwest inter- 

 rupts the line. Thence, immediately returning, it resumes 

 its course to the Juniata river below Bailysburg. Here it 

 bears the name Buffalo hills. Crossing the river it becomes 

 Half Falls mountain and ranges to the Susquehanna, 

 whence, immediately returning almost parallel with itself 

 under the same name, it re-crosses the Juniata and sweeps 

 west-southwest as Mahanoy Ridge to Little Germany, near 

 which hamlet it comes to an end, as will be explained fur- 

 ther on. 



Reappearing a mile to the eastward as Cranby hill, it 

 makes three short zigzags, forming the Furnace hills, and 



