16 F a . REPORT OF PROGRESS. E. W. CLAYPOLA 



dies down gradually to t lie level two miles northeast of the 

 Bine Ball, near Landisburg. 



A second ridge, distinct but very closely connected, di- 

 verges from Half Falls mountain (of which at its origin it 

 it forms part) and ranges across the Juniata for 5 or 6 miles 

 as Dictf s h illy steep on the northern but gentle on the south- 

 ern slope. Two miles southeast of Bloomfield it zigzags 

 suddenly, but almost immediately resumes its former course 

 and (under the name of Rock hill and after crossing Sher- 

 man's creek, of Pisgah hill,) runs on southwest for about 

 8 miles till it terminates in this direction in a high knob near 

 Oakgrove furnace. Curving round sharply at this point it 

 sweeps in an almost straight line for nearly 20 miles, under 

 the name of Little mountain, to the Susquehanna river at 

 Marysville. 



This sandstone range is a very conspicuous and important 

 factor in the physical geography of the county, ranking in 

 this respect only below the mountain ran^e previously de- 

 scribed. So much, however, will be found in other parts of 

 this volume concerning it, that to add more here would be 

 mere repetition. 



Hills of No. VIII {Chemung.) 



b. The second kind of hills included in this class are 

 broader than the comparatively sharp-crested Hamilton 

 sandstone ridges last described, and have flowing outlines 

 of a gentle beauty. Innumerable runs and rills indent 

 their flanks. Each rill descends from the central elevated 

 rolling summit through a slight ravine, the sides of which 

 are quite smooth and usually cultivated. The vista pre- 

 sented by miles of these ravines and intermediate rounded 

 offsets of the range is most agreeable. The side of the 

 ridge seems artificially ornamented for picturesque effect, 

 scolloped or gophered in a wonderfully regular manner, 

 and smoothed— almost polished— like a piece of furniture. 

 The geologist will at once recognize the peculiar constitu- 

 tion of the ridge by this remarkable feature of its erosion, 

 which demands and will receive a careful explanation fur- 

 ther on in this report. 



