FAULTS OF PERRY COUNTY. F\ 83 



Another anticlinal axis, also running up from the south- 

 west produces another repetition of the Hamilton upper 

 shale around the outside of the Hamilton sandstone ridge, 

 inclosing on the east the Perry Furnace valley, so that in 

 passing south about half a mile from the New Bloom field 

 and Little Germany road one passes over two anticlines ; 

 rising first to the top layer of the Upper Hamilton shales 

 or perhaps even into the Genessee ; then descending to the 

 edge of the Hamilton sandstone ; again rising over the syn- 

 cline ; and again descending on the second anticline. Nor is 

 it until both these ridges have been passed over that one 

 finds the strata regularly dipping outwards at an angle of 

 almost 90° from the last anticlinal axis. 



The consequence is that the Chemung rocks do not occur, 

 as they were believed to do, in the west of .the valley. The 

 whole of this area is occupied by Hamilton shales. 



On the other hand much of the area believed to be occu- 

 pied by Hamilton rocks between the roads leading to Perry 

 furnace and to Gibson's rock is occupied by beds of later 

 date. Most of them are equivalents of the Genessee, Port- 

 age and Chemung, very similar in appearance to one an- 

 other. In fact among the slight though rather numerous 

 exposures of shale occurring in the valley it would be al- 

 most impossible without the assistance of fossil forms to 

 determine their different horizons. Even with this aid the 

 difficulty, although diminished, is not removed. Many of 

 the beds are totally barren ; but, by the study of the fossils 

 yielded by others, the folds and varying angles of dip were 

 followed out, and Chemung fossils and rocks were found to 

 occupy the whole southern side of the middle basin close 

 up to the foot of its bounding range, DieTc s Mil and Iron 

 ridge. Inasmuch as the base of these hills is in many 

 places occupied by the No. VI limestone, it is evident that 

 strata so far apart can only be brought into contact by a 

 fault. 



Following the various roads out of New Bloomfield it is 

 not difficult to trace this fault throughout the county. 



1. The Ridge road to Carlisle. On this line the successive 

 formations occur in regular sequence from New Bloomfield 



