Chapter VII. 



Geological description of the Townships in alphabetical 



order. 



1. Buffalo township. 



This township lies immediately south of Liverpool, and 

 like it borders on the Susquehanna river, on which it has 

 a water frontage of about 6 miles. Its northern boundary 

 is the crest of Berry mountain from the river south-west- 

 ward. Howe township borders it on the west. Its south- 

 ern limit is the ridge of Half Falls mountain, which is the 

 extension, across the Juniata, of Limestone ridge, Buffalo 

 hills, Mahanoy ridge, and the arch of Dick's hill. It aver- 

 ages about 5 miles in length and breadth, and its area is not 

 far from 25 square miles. It contains the two hamlets of 

 Mt. Patrick and Montgomery ferry, both situated on the 

 river. 



Half Falls mountain forms the southern water-shed of 

 the township. A broad valley is included between it and 

 Berry's mountain, which is traversed nearly in the middle 

 by what is known as the Middle Bucks Valley ridge. This 

 ridge, however, forms no barrier to the streams, and conse- 

 quently no water-shed. As is usually the case on Chemung 

 outcrops, it is rather a succession of isolated hills than a 

 range, for the streams that have their origin to the north 

 of it pass through it at numerous points and unite to form 

 two small rivers, or rather brooks, which fall into the Ju- 

 niata. The eastern part of this vale is drained by another 

 small stream which enters the Susquehamm at Montgomery. 



The northern portion of the township presents the most 

 interesting topographical features. Buffalo, taken together 

 with Howe, presents a magnified picture of Penn township, 



(147 F2.)~ 



