1. BUFFALO TOWN6HIP. F\ 151 



abode, of Simon Girty, an outlaw who figured largely in the 

 early history of this part of the State about the middle of 

 the last century. The cave is still shown in which Simon 

 is said to have dwelt, and an hotel now bears his name. Ac- 

 cording to the common account, Girty was banished from 

 society for his vices, and lived mostly with the Indians. 

 The situation of the place gave great facility for command- 

 ing the navigation of the river, because at low water the 

 only passage-way for boats lies under the end of the mount- 

 ain, the ledges of rock forming a rapid across most of the 

 channel. 



A quarry has recently been opened at the notch on land 

 belonging to the Messrs. McCormick in the upper beds of 

 the Hamilton sandstone, and a great quantity of stone taken 

 out for the building of the new railroad bridge at Shamokin. 

 The quarry is well situated and capable of yielding an in- 

 exhaustible supply of stone. The uppermost layers are soft 

 but are easily removed, and then several beds of solid sand- 

 stone, some of them slightly conglomeratic, are met with. 

 They vary from one to three feet in thicknes, and dip at a 

 very slight angle, about 10°, to the south. An inclined 

 plane with railway runs from the quarry to the canal side, 

 where a derrick has been erected for loading the stone. An- 

 other quarry has been open for some years about a mile 

 from this one, for an account of which see the report on 

 Watts township. 



No outcrop of the upper shale has been seen in this town- 

 ship, but it must certainly exist, as it is found just over the 

 line in Watts township, and there abounds in its character- 

 istic fossils. 



The Chemung group. 



The olive gray shales and sandstones of this group cross 

 the township from east to west, and are fairly well exhibited 

 at the Juniata river section. The harder upper beds con- 

 stitute Middle Bucks Valley ridge, which is really only a 

 continuation of Middle ridge in Centre and Oliver town- 

 ships, the two parts being sundered by the Juniata. The 

 river has in fact made three gaps across the line of outcrop 



