2. CARROLL TOWNSHIP. F\ 159 



Rock hill from the cliff just mentioned. Soon after leaving 

 this point the stream comes upon the olive shales of the 

 Chemung, near Dr. Drumgold's tannery, and then upon the 

 red sandstone and shale of the Catskill, near Shermansdale 

 mill, upon which it continues for the rest of its course. 



In this township occur some of the most fossiliferous ex- 

 posures of the Kingsmill sandstone, chiefly, however, as 

 loose blocks for the bed rock is seldom seen. 



On the border between this township and Rye lies the 

 great highway from Perry county to the south — Sterrett's 

 gap — formerly more used than now. To this point con- 

 verge the roads on both sides of the mountain, passing 

 over at about half the average height of the range. 



The Perry County fault. 



This fault passes through the northwest corner of the 

 township throwing up the Lower Helderberg limestone 

 against the Hamilton upper shale or the top of the Ham- 

 ilton sandstone. The contact is not exposed but the pres- 

 ence of the fault is evident in the close juxtaposition of the 

 Marcellus iron ore and the Hamilton sandstone. The throw 

 here is about 1200 feet. For further details see the chapter 

 on the faults of Perry county. 



Tke Medina sandstone. 



In Carroll township the Medina makes little or no show, 

 the county line throwing all or nearly all of its outcrop into 

 Cumberland county. It is thin and makes with the iron 

 sandstone the buttresses of the mountains, an account of 

 the structure of which may be found in the report on Rye 

 township. 



The Clinton group. 



Little can be seen of this group in the township. The 

 fields near Sterrett's gap expose the lower green shales, frag- 

 ments of which are brought up by the plow. There are in- 

 dications of two thin beds of x>oor iron ore on the land of 

 Mr. Burn, which are interesting by rendering more exact 

 the correlation of these lower shales in Perry county with 

 the same beds farther north. The iron ore beds just men- 



