216 F. REPORT OF PROGRESS. E. W. CLAYPOLE. 



Buffalo mountain is thickly wooded with chiefly small 

 timber, and is traversed by only one road leading through 

 a gap into Bowe township. (See Howe and Liverpool town- 

 ship, on pp. 223, 241.) 



The Medina sandstone, No. IV, and the Clinton lower 

 shale, No. V. 



The Medina sandstone is only seen in this township near 

 its northwestern corner where the point of the great Tusca 

 rora anticline is cut off by the Juniata river. It forms the 

 axis of Slaughterbeck hill or Michael's ridge, its beds dip- 

 ping north and south from the axis. This point of high 

 land is surrounded on three sides by a trench caused by the 

 removal of the soft Lower Clinton shales which formerly 

 filled it. The sandstone which farther west forms the high, 

 straight crest of Tuscarora mountain sinks to the eastward 

 so rapidly that on the eastern line of the township it is 

 nearly a thousand feet below the surface. 



The point alluded to above — Slanghterbeclc hill — forms 

 a striking object from the east end of the township. Stand- 

 ing out boldly in the midst of the valley it resembles some 

 huge fortified camp surrounded by a deep fosse cut out of 

 the Clinton lower shale and again by a ring- wall composed 

 of the hard beds of the Iron sandstone. From the whole 

 of Pfoutz's valley this natural fortress can be seen flanked 

 to north and south by the long ranges of Turkey ridge and 

 Wild Cat ridge. 



The Clinton Iron sandstone. 



The Iron sandstone is apparently only. a few feet thick 

 in this township yet its hard, thin, red layers are capable 

 of forming a distinct ridge or minor crest around Slaughter- 

 beck hill which may be traced from the Juniata river east- 

 ward for about three miles where it turns and runs back to 

 the liver a little north of Millerstown. With its disap- 

 pearance eastward the general level of the country sinks 

 and both the Iron sandstone and ore beds pass down un- 

 derground t<> the eastward and on the township line are al- 

 ready far below the surface. 



